Article published In:
GestureVol. 12:1 (2012) ► pp.62–83
Effects of personality and social situation on representational gesture production
The present study investigated the correlation between speakers’ self-reported Big Five personality traits (extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness to experience) and their representational gesture production. In addition, possible interactions between the speakers’ personality traits and the social situation, specifically whether the gestures could be seen by the listener or not, were examined. We found that extraversion and neuroticism both positively correlated with representational gesture production. We also found an interaction between extraversion and visibility condition. While speakers produce more gestures when their audience can see them than when their audience cannot, this difference is smaller for speakers who report high levels of extraversion than it is for other speakers. The findings suggest that both the personality of the speaker as well as aspects of the social situation are important contributors to how frequently speakers gesture.
Keywords: gesture, extraversion, visibility, personality
Cited by
Cited by 40 other publications
Austin, Elizabeth E. & Naomi Sweller
2014. Presentation and production: The role of gesture in spatial communication. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 122 ► pp. 92 ff. 
AZIZ, JASMINE R. & ELENA NICOLADIS
2019. “My French is rusty”: Proficiency and bilingual gesture use in a majority English community. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 22:04 ► pp. 826 ff.
Canarslan, Feride & Mingyuan Chu
2024. Individual differences in representational gesture production are associated with cognitive and empathy skills. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology
Cravotta, Alice, M. Grazia Busà & Pilar Prieto
2019. Effects of Encouraging the Use of Gestures on Speech. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 62:9 ► pp. 3204 ff.
Cravotta, Alice, Pilar Prieto & M. Grazia Busà
2021. Exploring the effects of restraining the use of gestures on narrative speech. Speech Communication 135 ► pp. 25 ff.
de Wit, Jan, Paul Vogt & Emiel Krahmer
2023. The Design and Observed Effects of Robot-performed Manual Gestures: A Systematic Review. ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction 12:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
Gris, Ivan, Diego A. Rivera & David Novick
2015. Animation Guidelines for Believable Embodied Conversational Agent Gestures. In Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality [Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 9179], ► pp. 197 ff.
Gullapalli, Aparna R., Nathaniel E. Anderson, Rohit Yerramsetty, Carla L. Harenski & Kent A. Kiehl
2021. Quantifying the psychopathic stare: Automated assessment of head motion is related to antisocial traits in forensic interviews. Journal of Research in Personality 92 ► pp. 104093 ff.
Hogrefe, Katharina, Wolfram Ziegler, Nicole Weidinger & Georg Goldenberg
2017. Comprehensibility and neural substrate of communicative gestures in severe aphasia. Brain and Language 171 ► pp. 62 ff.
Hostetter, Autumn & Elina Mainela-Arnold
2015. Gestures Occur With Spatial and Motoric Knowledge: It's More Than Just Coincidence. Perspectives on Language Learning and Education 22:2 ► pp. 42 ff.
Hostetter, Autumn B. & Martha W. Alibali
2019. Gesture as simulated action: Revisiting the framework. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 26:3 ► pp. 721 ff.
Kelly, Spencer D. & Quang‐Anh Ngo Tran
2023. Exploring the Emotional Functions of Co‐Speech Hand Gesture in Language and Communication. Topics in Cognitive Science
Kita, Sotaro & Karen Emmorey
2023. Gesture links language and cognition for spoken and signed languages. Nature Reviews Psychology 2:7 ► pp. 407 ff.
Latif, Nida, Lauren J. Human, Francesca Capozzi & Jelena Ristic
2022. Intrapersonal Behavioral Coordination and Expressive Accuracy During First Impressions. Social Psychological and Personality Science 13:1 ► pp. 150 ff.
Li, Heng
2023. Personality in your hands: How extraversion traits influence preference for pointing in Chinese people. Australian Journal of Linguistics 43:2 ► pp. 121 ff.
Liu, Jiwei, Zheng Qin, Zixing Zhang & Jixin Zhang
2024. An Angle-Oriented Approach to Transferring Speech to Gesture for Highly Anthropomorphized Embodied Conversational Agents. International Journal of Computational Intelligence and Applications
Lu, Shuhong & Andrew Feng
2022. Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction, ► pp. 790 ff.
Lugrin, Jean-Luc, Jessica Topel, Yann Glémarec, Birgit Lugrin & Marc Erich Latoschik
2023. Proceedings of the 23rd ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents, ► pp. 1 ff.
Ma, Sai, Guangsa Jin & Michael Barlow
2021. Representational gestures correlated with meaning-associated aspects of L2 speech performance. Gesture 20:3 ► pp. 376 ff.
Mainela‐Arnold, Elina, Martha W. Alibali, Autumn B. Hostetter & Julia L. Evans
2014. Gesture–speech integration in children with specific language impairment. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders 49:6 ► pp. 761 ff.
Moffat, Ryssa & Emily S. Cross
2024. Evaluations of dyadic synchrony: observers’ traits influence estimation and enjoyment of synchrony in mirror-game movements. Scientific Reports 14:1
Muñoz-Espinosa, Verónica & Jorge Santos Hermoso
2020. Personalidad y Comportamiento no verbal. . Behavior & Law Journal 6:1 ► pp. 12 ff.
Navarretta, Costanza & Lucretia Oemig
2019. Big Data and Multimodal Communication: A Perspective View. In Innovations in Big Data Mining and Embedded Knowledge [Intelligent Systems Reference Library, 159], ► pp. 167 ff.
Nicoladis, Elena, Ashmeen Aneja, Jasmine Sidhu & Avnit Dhanoa
2022. Is There a Correlation Between the Use of Representational Gestures and Self-adaptors?. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior 46:3 ► pp. 269 ff.
NICOLADIS, ELENA, JAYA NAGPAL, PAULA MARENTETTE & BRANDON HAUER
2018. Gesture frequency is linked to story-telling style: evidence from bilinguals. Language and Cognition 10:4 ► pp. 641 ff.
O’Carroll, Sinead, Elena Nicoladis & Lisa Smithson
2015. The effect of extroversion on communication: Evidence from an interlocutor visibility manipulation. Speech Communication 69 ► pp. 1 ff.
Pang, Hio Tong, Feride Canarslan & Mingyuan Chu
2022. Individual Differences in Conversational Self-Touch Frequency Correlate with State Anxiety. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior 46:3 ► pp. 299 ff.
Parrill, Fey, John Cabot, Hannah Kent, Kelly Chen & Ann Payneau
Rayon, Alex, Timothy Gonzalez & David Novick
2016. Proceedings of the Workshop on Multimodal Analyses enabling Artificial Agents in Human-Machine Interaction, ► pp. 3 ff.
Salle, Alexander
2020. Analyzing Self-Explanations in Mathematics: Gestures and Written Notes Do Matter. Frontiers in Psychology 11
Smillie, Luke D.
2013. Why Does It Feel Good To Act Like an Extravert?. Social and Personality Psychology Compass 7:12 ► pp. 878 ff.
SMITHSON, LISA & ELENA NICOLADIS
2013. Verbal memory resources predict iconic gesture use among monolinguals and bilinguals. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 16:4 ► pp. 934 ff.
Sowińska, Agnieszka & Monika Boruta-Żywiczyńska
2020. Gestures in patients’ presentation of medically unexplained symptoms (MUS). Gesture 19:1 ► pp. 97 ff.
Suzuki, Noriko, Haruka Shoda, Rina Matsubayashi & Mamiko Sakata
2018. Effect of a Hearer's Politeness on Multimodal Behaviors in Speech. SICE Journal of Control, Measurement, and System Integration 11:3 ► pp. 263 ff.
Tsunemoto, Aki, Rachael Lindberg, Pavel Trofimovich & Kim McDonough
2022. VISUAL CUES AND RATER PERCEPTIONS OF SECOND LANGUAGE COMPREHENSIBILITY, ACCENTEDNESS, AND FLUENCY. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 44:3 ► pp. 659 ff.
Vasc, Dermina & Mircea Miclea
2018. Age-related changes in preschoolers’ ability to communicate using iconic gestures in the absence of speech. Early Child Development and Care 188:1 ► pp. 16 ff.
Wagner, Petra, Zofia Malisz & Stefan Kopp
2014. Gesture and speech in interaction: An overview. Speech Communication 57 ► pp. 209 ff.
Wakefield, Elizabeth M., Miriam A. Novack, Eliza L. Congdon & Lauren H. Howard
2021. Individual differences in gesture interpretation predict children’s propensity to pick a gesturer as a good informant. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 205 ► pp. 105069 ff.
Yoon, Youngwoo, Bok Cha, Joo-Haeng Lee, Minsu Jang, Jaeyeon Lee, Jaehong Kim & Geehyuk Lee
2020. Speech gesture generation from the trimodal context of text, audio, and speaker identity. ACM Transactions on Graphics 39:6 ► pp. 1 ff.
Özer, Demet & Tilbe Göksun
2020. Gesture Use and Processing: A Review on Individual Differences in Cognitive Resources. Frontiers in Psychology 11
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 31 may 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.