Terms for the body parts head and feet appear in various conceptual metonymies and metaphors in Turkish. This chapter investigates the role of these body parts in the embodied conceptualization of social stratification in Turkish, exploiting the image schema of verticality (up-down). The head (up) profiles the cultural metonymies head for order, head for ruler, head for talent. The foot (down) profiles conceptual metaphors such as less is down, low status is down, and being subject to control or force is down. As a consequence of these metaphoric and metonymic folk models, ‘head’ most often implies positive cultural values whereas ‘foot’ is evaluated negatively. Cases are analyzed in which terms for ‘head’ and ‘feet’ combine in a number of metonymies and metaphors. In such expressions, the position of body parts on the verticality scale is used to conceptualize contrasts in social stratification.
2021. The Nation as a Body or Person in L1 Language Samples from Middle Eastern Countries: Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Algeria, Morocco, Turkey, Israel, Pakistan. In National Conceptualisations of the Body Politic [Cultural Linguistics, ], ► pp. 143 ff.
Musolff, Andreas
2022. Universality and/or Cultural Specificity of Metaphors and Analogies? NATIONS as BODIES/PERSONS. In Metaphors and Analogies in Sciences and Humanities [Synthese Library, 453], ► pp. 401 ff.
Santos, Diana & Belinda Maia
2018. Language, emotion, and the emotions: A computational introduction. Language and Linguistics Compass 12:6
2017. The embarrassment of riches: ‘Head’ words in the Indo-European family. Yearbook of the Poznan Linguistic Meeting 3:1 ► pp. 101 ff.
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