Chapter published in:
Motion and Space across Languages: Theory and applications
Edited by Iraide Ibarretxe-Antuñano
[Human Cognitive Processing 59] 2017
► pp. 177–204

Chapter 6
The early life of borrowed path verbs in English

| Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
In the Middle English period, a number of pure path verbs (e.g. enter, issue, descend, ascend) were borrowed from French and Latin into English. An analysis of the Old and Middle English motion verb inventory reveals that before this, pure path verbs hardly existed; an analysis of c. 1,000 Old and Middle English motion descriptions shows that path information is typically expressed outside the verb. The borrowed path verbs are therefore a new pattern in the Middle English system of talking about motion. By comparing their use in autonomous Middle English texts and in texts translated from French or Latin, I show that in autonomous texts, they are more restricted to non-literal motion (such as ‘descend from one’s ancestors’) and to specific types of literal motion, while in the translations, they are more freely used for general literal motion.
Keywords: borrowing, Middle English, Old English, translation
Article outline
  • 1.The mixed vocabulary
  • 2.Talking about motion in Old and Middle English
    • 2.1Old and Middle English motion verb inventory
      • 2.1.1Method
      • 2.1.2Results and discussion
    • 2.2Old and Middle English motion verb usage
      • 2.2.1Method
      • 2.2.2Results and discussion: Type of verb
      • 2.2.3Results and discussion: Path expression
      • 2.2.4Conclusion
  • 3.The early life of borrowed path verbs in English
    • 3.1Method
    • 3.2Results
      • 3.2.1 ME entren
      • 3.2.2 ME ishen/issuen
      • 3.2.3 ME descenden
      • 3.2.4 ME ascenden
    • 3.3Discussion
  • 4.Conclusion
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • Sources
  • References
Published online: 14 August 2017
https://doi.org/10.1075/hcp.59.08hub
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