Cataloguing the First Histories of the English Language Written from the Late 16th to the End of the 18th Century
Most studies on the first histories of the English language go as far back as the 19th century, and dismiss earlier historical accounts of the language. However, 17th- and 18th-century short histories of the English language provide valuable insight into information layout, periodisation criteria, ideological tenets and other material which have left an imprint on the formation of the discipline called History of the English Language. This paper attempts to remedy this lack of attention by providing a catalogue of the first historical accounts of the English language (16th–18th century) with useful bibliographic details which will help future researchers of early accounts of the English language to locate them. The catalogue is accompanied by a description of these accounts which reveals a common pattern regarding contents and organisation.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Catalogue compilation and general remarks
- 3.A general description of the structure and contents of the early histories of English
- 3.1Preliminaries
- Characteristics of ‘language’
- On the origin of language diversity
- Language families
- Language change
- 3.2Histories or chronicles of the language?
- 3.3Use of sample texts
- 4.Concluding remarks
- Acknowledgements
- Notes
-
Primary sources
-
Secondary sources
References
Primary sources
Adelung, Johann Christoph
1798 Three Philological Essays, Chiefly Translated from the German of John Christopher Adelung. London: Printed for T. N. Longman. [Translator:
A. F. M. Willich.]

Anon
1689 Gazophylacium Anglicanum. London: Printed by E.H. & W.H.

Anon
1708 Monthly, or, Memoirs fot the Curious, Volume 21 (
December). London: Printed for J. Morphew.

Anon
1753 A Pocket Dictionary or Complete English Expositor … To which is prefix’d an introduction, containing an history of the English language, with a compendious grammar. London: Printed for J. Newbery.

Anon
1759 A New Universal History of Arts and Sciences. Vol. II1. London: printed for J. Coote, at the King’s Arma, in Pater-Noster-Row.

Anon
1776 Grammar and Rhetorick, Being the First and Third Volumes of the Circle of the Sciences. London: Printed for T. Carnan.

Bailey, Nathan
1721 An Universal Etymological English Dictionary. London: Printed for E. Bell.

Bailey, Nathan
.
21736 Dictionarium Britannicum. London: Printed for T. Cox.

Bailey, Nathan
.
41759 The New Universal English. London: Printed for James Rivington.

Barclay, James
1774?
A Complete and Universal English Dictionary on a New Plan. London: Printed for Richardson.

Bicknell, Alexander
1790 The Grammatical Wreath or, A Complete System of English Grammar. London: Printed for the author.

Brown, Thomas
1683 Certain Miscellany Tracts. London: Printed for Charles Mearn.

Butler, Charles
1633 English Grammar. Oxford: Printed by William Turner.

Camden, William
1605 Remaines of a Greater Worke, Concerning Britaine. London: Printed by G.E.

Camden, William
1614 Remaines Concerning Britaine. London: Iohn Legatt.

Chambers, Ephraim
1728 Cyclopædia: or, an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences. Vol. I1. London: Printed for James and John Knapton et al.

Cocker, Edward
1704 Cocker’s English Dictionary. London: Printed for A. Back.

Coetlogon, Dennis de
1745 An Universal History of Arts and Sciences. London: Printed and sold by John Hart.

Cooper, Christopher
1685 Grammatica Linguæ Anglicanæ. Londini: Typis J. Richardson.

Coote, Charles
1788 Elements of the Grammar of the English Language. London: Printed for the author.

Corbet, John
1784 A Concise System of English Grammar. Shrewsbury: printed and sold by T. Wood.

Fogg, Peter Walkden
1796 Elementa Anglicana: or the Principles of English Grammar Displayed and Exemplified (vol. II1). Stockport: Printed for the author.

Free, John
1749 An Essay towards an History of the English Language. London: Printed for W. Sandey.

Free, John
1773 An Essay towards an History of the English Language. Printed for the author.

Gil, Alexander
1619 Logonomia Anglica. Londini: Excudit Iohannes Beale.

Gildon, Charles & Brightland, John
1711 A Grammar of the English Tongue. London: Printed for John Brightland.

Greenwood, James
1711 An Essay towards a Practical English Grammar. London: Printed by R. Tookey.

Hammond, Samuel
c1760 A Complete and Comprehensive Spelling Dictionary of the English Language. Nottingham: Printed for the author.

Hickes, George
1703 Linguarum Vett. Septentrionalium Grammatico-criticus et Archæologicus. Volume I1. Oxoniæ: E Theatro Sheldoniano.

Holinshed, Raphaell
1577 The Firste Volume of the Chronicks of England, Scotland, and Irelande. London: Imprinted for Iohn Harrison.

Howell, James
1659 Paroimiographia. Proverbs, or, Old Sayed Savves & Adages in English (or the Saxon toung), Italian, French, and Spanish, whereunto the British for their Great Antiquity and Weight are Added. London: Printed by J. G.

Howell, James
1660 Lexicon Tetraglotton. London: Printed by J. G.

Howell, James
1662 A New English Grammar. London: Printed for T. Williams, H. Brome and H. Marsh.

Johnson, Samuel
1755 A Dictionary of the English Language. London: Printed by W. Strahan.

Lemon, George
1783 English Etymology: or a Derivative Dictionary of the English Language. London: Printed for G. Robinson.

Marchant, John
1760 A New Complete English Dictionary. London: Printed for J. Shiller.

Martin, Benjamin
1737 Bibliotheca Technologica: or, a Philological Library of Literary Arts and Sciences. London: Printed for S. Idle.

Martin, Benjamin
1749 Lingua Britannica Reformata. London: Printed for J. Hodges.

Meikleham, W.
1781 A Comprehensive Grammar, in which the Principles of the English Language Are Methodically Digested into Plain, and Easy Rules. Glasgow: Printed and sold by J. & J. Robertson.

Miège, Guy
1688a The English Grammar. London: Printed by J. Redmayne.

Miège, Guy
1688b Great French Dictionary. London: Printed by J. Redmayne.

Murray, Lindley
.
41798 English Grammar, Adapted to the Different Classes of Learners. York: Printed and sold by Wilson, Spence and Mawman.

Newbery, John
1745 An Easy Introduction to the English Language. London: Printed for J. Newbery.

Newbery, John
.
51755 A Spelling-Dictionary of the English Language. London: Printed for Newbery.

Peyton, V. J.
1771 The History of the English Language; Deduced from Its Origin and Traced through its Different Stages and Revolutions. London: Printed by and for R. Hilton.

Phillips, Edward
1658 The New World of English Words. London: Printed by E. Tyler.

Stackhouse, Thomas
1731 Reflections on the Nature and Property of Languages in General. London: Printed for J. Batley.

Verstegan, Richard
1605 A Restitution of Decayed Intelligence: In antiquities. Concerning the most noble and renovvned English nation. Printed at Antwerp by
Robert Bruney.

Wallis, Johannis
1653 Grammatica Linguae Anglicanae. Oxoniae: Excudebat Leon Lichfield.

Wallis, Johannis
.
41674 Grammatica Linguae Anglicanae. Oxoniae: Typis L. Lichfield.

Webster, Noah
1789 Dissertations on the English Language. Printed at Boston for the author.

Secondary sources
Aarsleff, Hans
1983 The Study of Language in England 1780–1860. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Allen, D. C.
1949 “
Some theories of the growth and origin of language in Milton’s age”.
Philological Quarterly 281.5–16.

Alston, R[obin] C.
1966 A Bibliography of the English Language from the Invention of Printing to the Year 1800. Vol. V1:
The English Dictionary. Leeds: E. J. Arnold.

Alston, R[obin] C.
1967 A Bibliography of the English Language from the Invention of Printing to the Year 1800. Vol. II: Polyglot Dictionaries and Grammars. Treatises on English Written for Speakers of French, German, Dutch, Danish, Swedish, Portuguese, Spanish, Italian, Hungarian, Persian, Bengali and Russian. Leeds: E. J. Arnold.

Alston, R[obin].C.
1967 A Bibliography of the English Language from the Invention of Printing to the Year 1800. Vol. IV: Spelling Books. Leeds: E. J. Arnold.

Alston, R[obin] C.
1970 A Bibliography of the English Language from the Invention of Printing to the Year 1800. Vol. III1 (
part 1):
Old English, Middle English, Early Modern English. Miscellaneous Works. Vocabulary. Leeds: E. J. Arnold.

Alston, R[obin] C.
1971 A Bibliography of the English Language from the Invention of Printing to the Year 1800. Vol. III1 (
part 2):
Punctuation. Concordances. Works on Language in General. Origin of Language. Theory of Grammar. Leeds: E. J. Arnold.

Bailey, Richard W.
1991 Images of English. A Cultural History of the Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Bailey, Richard W.
2002 “
A Thousand Years of the History of English”.
Studies in the History of the English Language. A Millennial Perspective (=
Topics in English Linguistics, 39.) ed. by
Donka Minkova &
Robert Stockwell, 449–471. Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter.


Barber, Charles
1976 Early Modern English. London: Andre Deutsch.

Beach, Adam R.
2001 “
The creation of a classical language in the eighteenth century: standardizing English, cultural imperialism, and the future of the literary canon”.
Texas Studies in Literature and Language 43:2.117–141.


Beal, Joan
2013 “
The place of pronunciation in eighteenth-century English grammars”.
Transactions of the Philological Society 111:2.165–178.


Bergs, Alexander & Laurel J. Brinton
2012 “
History of English Historical Linguistics: Overview”.
English Historical Linguistics. An International Handbook. Vol. II1 ed. by
Alexander Bergs &
Laurel J. Brinton, 1289–1295. Berlin & Boston: Walter de Gruyter.

Brewer, Charlotte
2000 “
OED Sources”.
Lexicography and the OED. Pioneers in the Untrodden Forest ed. by
Lynda Mugglestone, 40–58. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Butler, Emily
2014 “
Recollecting Alfredian English in the sixteenth century”.
Neophilologus 981.145–159.


Cain, Christopher M.
2010 “
George Hickes and the invention of the Old English dialects”.
The Review of English Studies n.s. 611.729–748.


Considine, John
2008 Dictionaries in Early Modern Europe. Lexicography and the Making of Heritage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.


Crowley, Tony
1986 “
A history of ‘the history of the language’”.
Language & Communication 6:4.292–303.


Crowley, Tony
1991 Proper English? Readings in Language, History and Cultural Identity. London & New York: Routledge.

Curzan, Anne
2012 “
Periodization in the History of the English language”.
English Historical Linguistics. An International Handbook. Volume II1 ed. by
Alexander Bergs &
Laurel J. Brinton, 1233–1256. Berlin & Boston: Walter de Gruyter.

Dobson, E. J.
1957 English Pronunciation 1500–1700. Vol. III Survey of Sources. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

ECCO = Eighteenth-Century Collections Online
Farmington Hills, Michigan, Gale Group.
[URL] [last accessed April 2016]
ECEG = Eighteenth-Century English Grammars Database
Compiled by
María E. Rodríguez-Gil &
Nuria Yáñez-Bouza [URL] last accessed March 2016
EEBO = Early English Books Online
ProQuest. Ann Arbor, Michigan.
[URL] [last accessed April 2016]
Force, James E.
1981 “
Secularisation, the language of God and the Royal Society at the turn of the seventeenth century”.
History of European Ideas 2:3.221–235.


Gneuss, Helmut
1996 English Language Scholarship: A survey and bibliography from the beginnings to the end of the nineteenth century. (=
Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies, 125.) Binghamton, New York: Center for Medieval and Early Renaissance Studies.

Jespersen, Otto
1905 Growth and Structure of the English Language. Leipzig: B.G. Teubner.

Jones, Richard F.
1953 The Triumph of the English Language. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.

Kennedy, Arthur G.
1961 A Bibliography of Writings on the English Language from the Beginning of Printing to the End of 1992. New York: Hafner.

Law, Vivien
2003 The History of Linguistics in Europe. From Plato to 1600. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.


Loveland, Jeff
2006 “
Unifying knowledge and dividing disciplines: the development of treatises in the ‘Enclyclopaedia Britannica’”.
Book History 91.57–87.


Machan, Tim William
2009 Language Anxiety: Conflict and change in the history of English. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Martin, Peter
2008 Samuel Johnson: A biography. Cambridge, Mass.: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

Matthews, David
2016 “
Ideas of Medieval English in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries”.
Imagining Medieval English: Language Structures and Theories, 500–1500 ed. by
Tim Machan, 261–280. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.


Medina-Sánchez, Beatriz & Alicia Rodríguez-Álvarez
2015 “
Estudio comparativo de los primeros tratados de puntuación en lengua inglesa (1672–1704): terminología y función de la puntuación”.
Onomázein 311.99–112.


Michael, Ian
1970 English Grammatical Categories and the Tradition to 1800. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Michael, Ian
1987 The Teaching of English: From the sixteenth century to 1870. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.


Milroy, James
1996 “
Linguistic Ideology and the Anglo-Saxon Lineage of English”.
Speech Past and Present ed. by
Juhani Klemola,
Merja Kytö &
Matti Rissanen, 169–186. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.

Milroy, James
2002 “
The Legitimate Language. Giving a History to English”.
Alternative Histories of English ed. by
Richard Watts &
Peter Trudgill, 7–24. London & New York: Routledge.

Milroy, James
2005 “
Some Effects of Purist Ideologies on Historical Descriptions of English”.
Linguistic Purism in the Germanic Languages ed. by
Nils Langer &
Winifred V. Davies, 324–343. Berlin & New York: Walter de Gruyter.


Nicolaisen, W[ilhelm] F[ritz] H[ermann]
1995 “
Periodization in the history of English”.
General Linguistics 35:1.157–176.

Niles, John D.
2015 The Idea of Anglo-Saxon England 1069–1901. Remembering, Forgetting, Deciphering and Renewing the Past. West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell.


ODNB = Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2004 Oxford: Oxford University Press. Online edition.
[URL] [last accessed October 2016].
Peck, Harry Thurston
1898 Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities. New York: Harper & Brothers.
[URL] [last accessed October 2016].
Robbins, Robbin H.
2008 “
Browne, Sir Thomas (1605–1682)”.
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Online ed.,
May 2008 <
[URL] [last accessed October 2016]
Rodríguez-Álvarez, Alicia
2009 “
’With a concise historical account of the language’: Outlines of the History of English in Eighteenth-Century Dictionaries”.
Current Issues in Late Modern English ed. by
Ingrid Tieken-Boon van Ostade &
Wim van der Wurff, 183–208. Bern: Peter Lang.

Rodríguez-Álvarez, Alicia
2017 “
An approach to the historical sketches of the English language in eighteenth century grammars of English”.
Language & History 60:2.79–94


Salmon, Vivian
1986 “
Effort and Achievement in Seventeenth-Century British Linguistics”.
Studies in the History of Western Linguistics: In Honour of R. H. Robins ed. by
Theodora Bynon &
F[rank]. R. Palmer, 69–95. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Smith, Jeremy J.
2012 “
History of English Historical Linguistics: The Historiography of the English language”.
English Historical Linguistics: An International Handbook. Volume II1 ed. by
Alexander Bergs &
Laurel J. Brinton, 1295–1312. Berlin & Boston: Walter de Gruyter.

Smith, William
1854 Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, Illustrated by Numerous Engravings on Wood. London. Walton & Maberly.
[URL] [last accessed October 2016].
Sorensen, Janet
2016 “
‘Genuine Remains’: The Celtic linguistic artifact in eighteenth-century Britain”.
Modern Philology 113:3.373–397.


Starnes, De Witt T. & Gertrude E. Noyes
1991 [1946] The English Dictionary from Cawdrey to Johnson 1604–1755. [
New ed., with an introduction and a select bibliography by Gabriele Stein] (=Studies in the History of the Language Sciences, 57.) Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins [Originally published by Chapel Hill: Univesity of North Carolina Pess 1946.]


Sweet, Henry
1874 A History of English Sounds from the Earliest Period (
From the Transactions of the Philological Society for 1873–4).
English Dialect Society, Series D, Miscellaneous, No 4. London: Trübner & Co.

Tucker, Susie I.
1961 English Examined: Two centuries of comment on the mother tongue. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Cited by
Cited by 1 other publications
Yáñez-Bouza, Nuria
2022.
Methodological approaches to the study of codification, prescription, and prescriptivism.
Studia Neophilologica 94:3
► pp. 334 ff.

This list is based on CrossRef data as of 20 may 2023. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.