An Annotated Chronological Bibliography of Western Histories of Linguistic Thought, 1822–1972

1916

 Pedersen, Holger (1867–1953) Et blik paa Sprogvidenskabens Historie, saerligt Hensyn til det historiske Studium av Sprogets Lyd. (= Festskrift udg. af Københavens Univ. i Anledning af Univ. Aarsfest, 1916 .) Copenhagen: Univ. Bogtrykkeriet (J. H. Schultz), [5-] 77 pp.

After some general statements about the study of language (7–19) and an excourse on various writing systems (19–34), a survey of the history of IE linguistics from the Renaissance to the beginning of the 20th century is given, with emphasis on the beginning of comparative linguistics (39–58), represented by Gyarmathi, Rask, Bopp, and Grimm. There is no bibliography and no index. An E. transl. by Caroline C. and Peter A. Henriksen is in preparation.

1916–36

 Streitberg, Wilhelm (August 1864–1925), ed. Geschichte der indogermanischen Sprachwissenschaft seit ihrer Gründung durch Franz Bopp. 5 vols. in 9 parts. Strassburg: K. J. Trübner, later on Berlin & Leipzig: W. de Gruyter.

The series remained unfinished; the part Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft never appeared. Of the other part entitled Die Erforschung der indogermanischen Sprachen, the following volumes were published: I (1916, viii + 312 pp), Die griechische Sprache (1–126), by Albert Thumb (1865–1915); Die italischen Sprachen (127–230), by Alois Walde (1869–1924); Vulgärlatein (231–80), by Karl von Ettmayer (1874–1938), and Die keltischen Sprachen (281–305), by Rudolf Thurneysen (1857–1940); ‘Gelehrtenverzeichnis’ (306–12); II:1+2 (1927–36, viii + 455 pp.), Germanisch: Allgemeiner Theil und Lautlehre by Wilhelm Streitberg and, after his death, completed by Victor Michels (1866–1929), with the assistance of Max-Hermann Jellinek (1868–1938); III (1917, v + 154 pp.), Slavisch-Litauisch (1–107), by Aleksander Brückner (1856–1939); Albanisch (109–51), by Norbert Jokl (1877–1942), and index of authors (152–54); IV:1 (1929, x + 112 pp.), Indisch by Walter Wüst (b.1901); IV:2 (1927, iv + 104 pp.), Iranisch (1–84), by Hans Reichelt (1877–1939), and Armenisch (85–104), by Heinrich Zeller (no dates); no index; V:l (1931, 78 pp.), Hethitisch und ‘kleinasiatische’ Sprachen by Johannes Friedrich (1893–1972); index of authors (77–78); V:2 (1935, vi + 49 pp.), Tocharisch by Ernst Schwentner (b.1890); index of authors (p.49); V:4 (1931, 81 pp.), Etruskisch by Eva Fiesel (1891–1937); bibliography (69–79, and index of authors (80–81). The vols. may still be useful for the more linguistic aspects of the history of IE linguistics but do not constitute actual histories in themselves.

1917–21

 Windisch, Ernst (Wilhelm Oskar 1844–1918) Geschichte der Sanskrit-Philologie und indischen Altertumskunde. 21 parts. Strassburg: K. J. Trübner, later on Berlin: W. de Gruyter, vii + 460 pp. in all. (New ed., Amsterdam: J. Benjamins [in prep.].)

Supplement-vol.: Philologie und Altertumskunde in Indien (Leipzig: F. A. Brockhaus, 1921; repr. Liechtenstein: Kraus, 1966), 38 pp. Still the standard work in the field. From the ‘discovery’ of Sanskrit until 1918.

1921

 Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, (Emmo Friedrich Wichard) Ulrich von (1848–1931) Geschichte der Philologie. Leipzig: B.G. Teubner, 80 pp. (3rd ed. 1927; new ed., with a preface [p.iii] by Günther Klaffenbach, and an index of authors [81–82]. Ibid 1959.) 

A brief survey of the history of (classical) philology from the Renaissance to the turn of this century; no bibliographical references whatever (including footnotes!) .

1921

 Winkel, Elisabeth (1890–?) La Grammaire Générale et Raisonnée dt Port-Royal. Diss., Univ. of Bonn.

Unpublished; abstract printed at Zweibrücker Druckerei [in Zweibrücken? ] in 1921, 8 pp. According to the summary (pp. 3–7), the study analyzes the grammatical, philosophical, and pedagogical aspects of the Port-Royal grammar of Arnauld and Lancelot (1660) and its aftermath in 18th-century linguistic thought in France.

1922

 Jespersen, (Jens) Otto (Harry 1860–1943) “History of Linguistic Science”. Language: Its nature, development and origin by O. Jespersen, 19–99. London: Macmillan, 448 pp. (New ed. New York: W.W. Norton &Co. 1964.)

Gives a useful survey of (mainly 19th century) developments in linguistics; in particular, J. devotes ample space to scholars usually overlooked in the ‘standard’ histories of linguistics, e.g., Jakob Hornemann Bredsdorff (70–71), Daniel Jenisch (29–31), Karl Moritz Rapp (68–70), and others.

1923

 Cassirer, Ernst (1874–1945) “Das Sprachproblem in der Geschichte der Philosophie”. Philosophie der symbolischen Formen by E. Cassirer, Part I1: Die Sprache, 55–121. Berlin: B. Cassirer, xii + 293 pp.

The chap. contains a survey of 19th-century linguistic developments (though it begins with the philosophies of Descartes and Leibniz), in particular of Humboldt (98–106), Schleicher (106–12), and subsequent stages until the turn of this century (112–21). E. transl., “The Problem of Language in the History of Philosophy”, Philosophy of Symbolic Forms by E. Cassirer, transl. by Ralph Manheim, vol.I, 117–76. New Haven, Conn.: Yale Univ. Press, 1953, xiv + 328 pp.

1924

 Pedersen, Holger. Sprogvidenskaben i det nittende Aarhundrede: Metoder og Resultater. (= Det nittende Aarhundrede; Skildret af nordiske Videnskabsmaend, 15.) Copenhagen: Gyldendal, Nordisk Forlag, [vi +] 311 pp. in small 4°1, with many photographs and other portraits of linguists.

The vol. was the basis for Pedersen 1931; it contains neither a bibliography nor an index of names. For details, see the latter item. Cf. also Pedersen 1916.

1925

 Lollesgaard, Johannes (1877-?) Sprogfilosoferen of Sprogforsken i Danmark ved det 18. Aarhundredes Midte. Copenhagen: P. Haase & Sons, 127 pp.

Not seen by the compiler; obviously, the study is fairly limited in scope.

1927–29

 Melin, Olof Werling. Stenografiens historia. 21 vols. Stockholm: Nordiska Bokhandeln.

This history of shorthand writing and related inventions surveys the development from antiquity to modern times. Vol.I, 461 pp., begins, after a general introd. (11–16), with Greece (17–25), and Rome (26–48), and covers England (57–312!), North America (313–37), and France (338–457); index of authors (458–61); vol.II, 613 (+ 1 page of errata), treats Germany (11–298), Sweden (299–440), Norway (441–53), Denmark (454–94), Finland (495–507), other European (508–43) and non-European countries and aspects (544–606); index of authors (608–13).

1927

 Porzeziński, Wiktor (1870–1929) “Die allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft in Polen seit 1868”. Biuletyn Polskiego Towarzystwa Jezykoznawczego 11.47–79 (Warsaw).

A brief but informative account relating Polish linguistic scholarship of more than half a century; for accounts on Jan Baudouin de Courtenay (1845–1929), and Mikołaj Kruszewski (1851–87), see pp.47–51, 71–74, and 51–53, respectively.

1927

 Thomsen, Vilhelm (1842–1927) Geschichte der Sprachwissenschaft bis zum Ausgang des 19. Jahrhunderts: Kurzgefasste Darstellung der Hauptpunkte. Transl. from the Danish by Hans Pollak. Halle/S.: M. Niemeyer, 101 pp.

Rev. G. version of Thomsen 1902, with a name index (100–01). This volume has been more frequently consulted than the original and the following translations: Istorija jazykovedenija do konca XIX ved ed. by Rozalija Osipovna Šor (1894–1939), Moscow: Gos. učeb.-ped. izd. narkomprosa RSFSR, 1938, 160 pp., and Historia de la lingüística transl., with a preface and an epilogue, by Javier de Echave-Sustaeta, Barcelona: Ed. Labor, 1945. – A survey of western linguistic studies from the early beginnings to 1900; bibliographical footnotes. No chapters. An E. transl. is in preparation (Amsterdam: J. Benjamins.)

1928

 Harnois, Guy. Les théories du langage en France de 1660 à 1821. Paris: Societé d’édition “Les belles lettres”, n.d., 95 pp.

Surveys linguistic ideas in France from the first publication of the Port-Royal grammar (1660) to the appearance of Raynouard’s Grammaire comparée des langues de l’Europe latine (1821), which in H.’s view marks the beginning of linguistics as a science in that country (cf. p.13). The six chaps, are entitled: 1) “Raisons des dates choisis (1660–1821)” (13–18); 2) “Port-Royal” (19–28); 3) “Les continateurs de Port-Royal” (29–42); 4) “Les grammairiens empiristes” (43–67); 5) “Les indépendants” (68–81), and “Le sanskrit. Les romanistes” (82–90). The study concludes with a bibliography (91–95), which makes special mention of Gunvor Sahlin’s César Chesneau du Marsais et son rôle dans l’évolution de la grammaire générale (Paris: Presses Univ. de France, 1928), a book excluded from the present survey.

1930

 Pagliaro, Antonino. Sommario di linguistica arioeuropea. Part I1: Cenni storici e questioni teoriche. Rome: “L’Universale” Tipografia Poliglotta, 196 pp.

The study consists of four chaps., each subdivided into small paragraphs; only the first two are historical in nature. Chap. I, “Teoria della lingua e ‘ars grammatica’” (11–40), begins with Plato’s Cratylus and ends with speculations about normative grammar; chap. II, “Origine e sviluppo della grammatica storica” (41–96), surveys linguistic ideas from Vico to Vossler, including a statement entitled “Linguistica e sociologia (De Saussure)” (85–89). Index of names (191–96).

1930

 Zeller, Hugo (b.1900) Die Grammatik in der grossen französischen Enzyklopädie. Diss., Heidelberg Univ. (Printed, Weisswasser, Upper Lusatia: E. Hampel, n.d. [1931]), 61 pp.

Presents post-1660 developments in French grammatical debate, devoting particular chaps. to Beauzée (17–32), and Dumarsais (32–37), in addition to those devoted to special topics, namely, the theories of the origin of language (37–41), etymology (41–50), the questions of ‘(bon) usage’ and ‘raison’ in the French language of the 17th and 18th centuries (50–56), and those of orthography and spelling reform (56–59). Bibliography (p.7); curriculum vitae (p.61).

1931

 Pedersen, Holger. Linguistic Science in the Nineteenth Century. Transl. from the Danish by John Webster Spargo. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. Press, [vi +] 360 pp. (Repr., under the title The Discovery of Language, Bloomington: Indiana Univ. Press 1962; 5th printing 1972.)

Cf. Pedersen 1924. This study has been the most influential history of linguistics among North-American scholars at least. Owing to the indices (343–60) added by Spargo and the retension of the portraits of linguists of the original, the book still serves as a good source of information about 19th-century linguistic scholarship. Following the model of Delbrück 1880, earlier stages in the discipline are surveyed very briefly (1–11). The ‘data-orientation’ and other biases of the author become obvious if one notes the exclusion of scholars who worked in the field of non-Indo-European linguistics or of studies devoted to general linguistic problems, including H. Paul’s Prinzipien der Sprachgeschichte (Halle/S.: M. Niemeyer, 1880; 5th ed., 1920)!

1931

 Winkler, Christian (b.1904) Elemente der Rede: Die Geschichte ihrer Theorie in Deutschland von 1750 bis 1850. (= Bausteine zur Geschichte der deutschen Literatur, 32.) Halle/S.: M. Niemeyer, x + 203 pp.

Diss., Univ. of Erlangen. Discussion of the theories of parts of speech of one century in German literary debate. Bibliography (169–98).

1931

 Kukenheim, Louis. Contribution à l’histoire de la grammaire italienne, espagnole et française à l’époque de la Renaissance. Thesis, Univ. of Amsterdam. (Printed, Amsterdam: Noord-Hollandse Uitgevers-Maatschappij 1932), xii + 232 pp.

In five chaps., the author presents a comparative study of the grammatical works in Italy, Spain, and France in the 15th and 16th centuries, beginning with a chap mainly treating the doctrines of orthography and pronunciation (11–85), and ending with one on national sentiment and grammar (198–213). Bibliography (218–32).

1932

 Iordan, Iorgu (b.1888) Introducere în studiul limbilor romanice: Evolutia şi starea actuală a lingvisticii romanice. Jassy, Rumania: Ed. inst, de fîlologie romînă, 480 pp.

Bibliography (449–60); index (461–80). For details, see Iordan 1937;.rev. ed. of Rum. original appeared in 1962 (see below).

1933

 Millet, Adrien. Les grammairiens et la phonétique; ou, l’Enseignement des sons du français depuis la XVI^e siècle jusqu’à nos jours. Paris: J. Monnier, 197 pp.

A survey of phonetic analyses of French from Silvius, Meigret, and others in the 16th century to Passy, Rousselot, Roudet, and Grammont at the beginning of the 20th century. Bibliographical footnotes; no index.

1936

 Zwirner, Eberhard, and Kurt Zwirner. “Bemerkungen zur Geschichte der Phonetik”. Grundfragen der Phonometrie by E. and K. Zwirner, 6–59. Berlin: Metten & Co., xi + 140 pp. (2nd rev. and enl. ed., Basel & New York: S. Karger 1966), 218 pp.

Account not seen by the compiler; this portion of the volume has been enlarged considerably in the 2nd ed. (1966:17–110), to which the reader is referred.

1937

 Iordan, Iorgu. An Introduction to Romance Linguistics, its schools and scholars. Transl., revised, and in parts recast by John Orr (1885–1966) London: Methuen, xi + 403 pp. (2nd ed., with a supplement by Rebecca Posner, Oxford: B. Blackwell 1970), xi + 593 pp.

The study consists of four major chapters, each containing various subsections: 1) “Romance Studies before 1900 [From Dante until the turn of this century]” (1–85); 2) “The Idealistic or Aesthetic School of K. Vossler” (86–143); 3) “Linguistic Geography” (144–278), and 4) “The French School [including the ‘Geneva school’ and Saussure]” (279–82). Conclusion (383–90); indices (391–403). The book contains many useful bibliographical footnotes and references within the text. For the new ed., see Posner 1970. (The original has not been revised, contrary to the editor’s claim!)

1938

 Šor, Rozalija Osipovna (or Iosifovna 1894–1939) Kratkij očerk istorii lingvističeskix učenij s epoxi Vozrozdenija do koneca XIX ved [A brief sketch of the history of linguistics from the Renaissance to the end of the 19th century]. Moscow: Gos. učeb.-ped. izd. narkomprosa RSFSR.

Study mentioned in Kacnel’son 1941:71; compiler has been unable to trace a location. Possibly, the account was prompted by Šor’s edition of the Russ. transl. of Thomsen 1902 (cf. Thomsen 1927, commentary), and it is conceivable that it was published together with the latter.

1939

 Gray, Louis H(erbert 1875–1955) “The History of the Study of Language”. Foundations of Language by L. H. Gray, 419–60. New York: Macmillan, xiv + 530 pp. (Repr., “with additions and corrections” [531–46] 1950; 3rd printing 1960.)

A somewhat more detailed account than the one in Leonard Bloomfield, Language (New York: H. Holt, 1933), 3–20, but hardly less biased. For a similar survey, see Hughes 1962.

1941

 Kacnel’son, S[olomon] D[avidovič]. “Istorija jazykoznajia”. Kratkij očerk jazykoznanija [Precis of linguistic science] by S. D. Kacnel’son, 52–71. Leningrad: Izd. Leningradskogo gosud. Univ., 72 pp.

A brief survey of western linguistics from antiquity until the 1930’s in Russia; after a chap, entitled “The crisis of comparative-historical linguistics” (66–68), a short statement on “Marxistic-Leninistic linguistics” (68–69) concludes the account. Bibliography (70–71).

1941

 Panconcelli-Calzia, Giulio (1878–1966) Geschichtszahlen der Phonetik: 3000 Jahre Phonetik. Hamburg: Hansischer Gildenverlag, 86 pp. in-4°1.

A chronological survey of phonetic investigations from the earliest references in the literature of the Ancient Egyptians, the Bible, and the Greeks until the end of World War I. Bibliography (85–86). The previous year, P.-C. had published a Quellenatlas zur Geschichte der Phonetik (Hamburg, 1940).

1942

 Machado, José Pedro. Breve historia da linguistica. (= Cadernos culturios “Inquérito”, 72.) Lisbon: Ed. Inquérito, n.d., 127 pp. (2nd ed., n.d. [1965]).

This brief account consists of four major chaps., beginning with an overview of linguistic ideas from Herodot (!) to the end of the 18th century (9–48); chap. II treats the ‘discovery’ of Sanskrit (Sassetti, William Jones) and the inception of the comparative method with F. Schlegel (49–73); chap.III surveys the development of the comparative method from Bopp to Bloomfield (75–92); the book concludes with a chap. on ‘modern schools’ (93–124), and a bibliographical note (p. 125). The book contains nothing which could not be found in Benfey 1869, Delbrück. 1880 (5th ed., 1919), Jespersen 1922, and Iordan 1937. Index (p.127).

1944

 Tovar, Antonio. Lingüística y filología clásica: Su situación actual. (= Colección Hesterna Hodierna; la herencia científica del siglo XIX y nosotros .) Madrid: Revista de Occidente, 159 + 3 pp. in-16°1.

Survey of the development of classical philology and (later on) linguistics: 1) “La tradición: Creadón de la filología clásica actual (9–36); 2) “La filología clásica del siglo XIX” (37–66); “Aparición de la lingüistica: Sus ramas” (67–86); 4) “Las grandes corrientes teóricas en la filología y la lingüistica” (87–112), and 5) “Filología e historia: Tendencias más recientes” (113^:54). Index of authors (155–59); index of abbreviations (*161).

1945

 Cassirer, Ernst. “Structuralism in Modern Linguistics”. Word 11.97–120; repr. in Readings in Modern Linguistics: An anthology ed. by Bertil Malmberg, 78–96. Stockholm: Läromedelsförlagen; The Hague: Mouton 1972, [vii +] 384 pp.

This insightful article traces the origin of the structural concept of language back to ideas and methods developed by botany, comparative anatomy, and other natural sciences of the 18th and early 19th centuries.

1945

 Drăganu, Nicolae (1884–1939) Istoria sintaxei. Bucharest: Inst. de linguistica română, 335 pp.

An overview of western studies of syntax from antiquity to 1920; for details, see Drăganu 1970 (i.e., It. transl.). The following periods are distinguished: 1) Greece and Rome (9–15); 2) Sanctius to Herder (16–22); 3) F. Schlegel to Meyer-Lübke (23–56); 4) Wundt to Meringer (57–96), and 5) Vossler to Sapir (97–262). The most useful portion of the volume is the bibliography (263–332). There is no index. Cf. also the detailed review by Gordon Myron Messing in Language 23.287–94 (1947).

1945

 Lane, George S[herman]. “Changes of Emphasis in Linguistics with Particular Reference to Paul and Bloomfield”. Studies in Philology 421.465–83.

This article is an interesting document of the attitudes toward certain 19th-century linguistic ideas, including those of Humboldt (cf. p.468), held by post-Bloomfieldian descriptivists during the 1940’s and 1950’s. Cf. George L[eonard] Trager’s rejoinder in Studies in Philology 43.461–64 (1946).

1945

 Van Hamel, Anton Gerardus (d.1945) Geschiedenis der Taalwetenschap. (= Encyclopaedie in Monografieën; Afd. Taalwetenschap, 43 .) The Hague: Servire, 94 pp. in-16°1.

After an introd. (5–12), chaps. are devoted to antiquity (13–27), the period from the middle ages until 1800 (28–37), the 19th (38–62), and 20th (63–88) centuries. Bibliography (89–90); index (91–94).

1947

 Glinz, Hans (b.1913) Geschichte und Kritik der Lehre von den Satzgliedern in der deutschen Grammatik. Diss., Univ. of Zürich. (Printed, Bern: A. Francke 1947), 83 pp.

A critical account of earlier periods in German grammatical debate, in particular the 19th century tradition established by Karl Ferdinand Becker (1775–1849).

1948

 Abercrombie, David. “Forgotten Phoneticians”. Transactions of the Philological Society 1948.1–34; repr. in Studies in Phonetics and Linguistics by D. Abercrombie, 45–75. London: Oxford Univ. Press 1965.

This influential article revived the interest in earlier British phoneticians of the 17th and 18th centuries, e.g., Francis Lodwick, Edward Search, William Johnston, James Buchanan, and others, including writings of anonymous scholars.

1948

 Poldauf, Ivan (b.1915) On the History of Some Problems of English Grammar before 1800. Prague: Nákl. Filosofické Faculty Univ. Karlovy, 322 pp.+ facsimiles.

The study consists of two main parts, “English Grammars before 1800” (45–147), beginning with Bullokar’s Bref Grammar of English (1586), and ending with Mercy’s Short Introduction to English Grammar (1799) – cf. the chronological listing on pp.21–39 –, and “Some Problems of English Grammar” (151–311) which deals with questions pertaining to the parts of speech and grammatical categories. Index of names (313–20); subject index (321–22).

1948

 Specht, Franz (1888–1949) “Die indogermanische Sprachwissenschaft von den Junggrammatikern bis zum ersten Weltkrieg”. Lexis 11.229–63.

An account of the development of Indo-European linguistics from the 1870’s until 1916; this article has been supplemented by Strunk 1965 and Putschke 1969.

1949

 Bolelli, Tristano (b.1913) Tra storia e linguaggio. Arona: Paideia, 101 pp.

This book discusses, in seven chaps., particular issues in general linguistics rather than presenting a survey of 20th-century linguistic trends, an approach similar to Catalan Menendez-Pidal 1955 and Devoto 1951 (mentioned in the comment to the former book). Index of names (99–100).

1949

 Firth, John Rupert (1890–1960) “Atlantic Linguistics”. Archivum Linguisticum 11.95–116; repr. in Papers in Linguistics, 1934–1951 by J. R. Firth, 156–72. London: Oxford Univ. Press 1957 (repr. 1969), x + 233 pp.

A survey of linguistic studies in Britain and North America from the early beginnings to the mid-20th century.

1949

 Găzdaru, Demetrio (b.1897) “La controversia sobre las leyes fonéticas en en el epistolario de los principales lingüistas del siglo XIX”. Anales de filología clásica 41.211–328 (Buenos Aires: Univ. de Buenos Aires, Faculdad de Humanidades.)

Repr. in Găzdaru 1967:13–143; for details, see there.

1949

 Terracini, Aron Benvenuto (1886–1968) Guida allo studio della linguistica storica, Part I1: Profilo storico-critico. (= Studi e guide di filologia e linguistica, 1.) Rome: Ed. dell’Ateneo, 273 pp. + 1 p.

After a general introduction (7–45), with annotations (47–48), and a bibliography (49–57) – a principle of structuring has been followed throughout the whole study — individual chaps. treat the following topics and scholars: “Le bas del metodo comparative: Bopp” (61–68; 69; 71–72, respectively); “Le origini della linguistica generale: Whitney” (73–110; 111–15, 117–21); “La paleontologia linguistica: Ascoli” (123–42; 143; 145–147); “I limiti del metodo comparativo: Meyer-Lübke e Meillet” (149–75; 177–79; 181–84); “La geografia linguistica: Gilliéron” (185–98; 199–200; 201–03); “La critica del metodo comparativo: Schuchardt” (205–23; 225–29; 231–33). 2 chaps, are devoted to lesser known Italian scholars (237–63). Index of subjects (267–70); index of authors (271–73).

1949

 Weisweiler, Josef. “Die indogermanische Sprachwissenschaft: Eine geistesgeschichtliche Studie”. Historisches Jahrbuch 691.464–90.

A very insightful analysis of the development of historical-comparative Indo-European linguistics (1816–1936), in particular its intellectual background, including that of its main protagonists.

1950

 Carroll, John B(issell b.1916) A Survey of Linguistics and Related Disciplines: A report prepared at the request of the Carnegie Corporation of New York. Cambridge, Mass.: no pub., xii + 143 pp.

Preliminary version of Carroll 1953; see below for details.

1950

 Matthews, W(illiam) K(leesmann d.1958) “The Soviet Contribution to linguistic Thought”. Archivum Linguisticum 21.1–23, 97–121.

Surveys Russ. linguistic work from 1917 until the late 1940’s, summing up Soviet contributions ,(1l0ff.). On Marr (13–23); part II mainly on Meščaninov.

1950

 Pop, Sever (1901–61) La dialectologie: Aperçu historique et méthodes d’enquêtes linguistiques. 21 vols. [paged consecutively]. Louvain: chez l’auteur (Printed, Gembloux: J. Duculot, n.d.), lv + 1344 + iv pp. + maps and tables.

Contains much valuable information pertaining to the history of dialect study; see especially the “aperçu historique sur le developpement de la dialectology” (xxiii-lv), and the chronological tables of publications and projects in this area (1179–1197). Table of contents (1315–34!). Index nominum (1203–30); index rerum (1239–1314).

1951

 Kukenheim, Louis. Contributions à l’histoire de la grammaire grecque, latine et hébraïque à l’époque de la Renaissance. Leiden: E. J. Brill, x + 144 pp.

The study covers the period of the early 14th century till 1540; emphasis is placed on the study of grammar: Greek (7–45), Latin (46–87), and Hebrew (88–129); general conclusion (130–33), with chronological tables (134–41), and a brief bibliography (142–43). No index.

1951

 Robins, R(obert) H(enry b.1921) Ancient and Mediaeval Grammatical Theory in Europe; with particular reference to modern linguistic doctrine. London: G. Bell & Sons, vii + 104 pp. (Repr. Port Washington, N.Y. & London: Kennikat Press 1971).

The study attempts to relate classical and medieval linguistic ideas to post-Saussurean theories. It consists of four chaps.: 1) “Grammatical Theory among the Greeks” (1–47); 2) “Grammatical Theory among the Romans” (48–68); 3) “Mediaeval Grammatical Theory” (69–90), and 4) “Conclusion” (91–99). Select bibliography (100–01); index (103–04).

1951

 Verburg, Pieter Adrianus. Taal en functionaliteit: Een historisch-critische studie over de opvattingen aangaande de functies der taal vanaf de praehumanistische philologie van Orleans tot de rationalistische linguistik van Bopp. Diss., Vrije Univ. van Amsterdam. (Printed, Wageningen: H. Veenman & Zonen 1952), xvi + 490 pp.

A study of grammatical theories from the schools of Chartres and Orleans (1150–1250) until the inception of the New Philology. E. summary on pp.457–69.. Bibliography (445–56); index of names (472–77); index of subjects (478–85).

1953

 Albright, Robert William (b.1913) The International Phonetic Alphabet: Its backgrounds and development. Diss., Stanford Univ., 171 typed pp. (Printed, as International Journal of American Linguistics 24:1, Part III 1958), viii + 78 pp + 17 illustrations.

The study consists of four chaps.: 1) “Early Backgrounds” (1–17), dealing with the works of John Hart, Robert Robinson, John Wilkins, and others; 2) “Nineteenth Century Backgrounds” (18–46), including the work of Pitman, Ellis, Lepsius, and others; 3) “Development of IPA [i.e., International Phonetic Alphabet]” (47–65), and concluding with 4) “Analysis of the IPA” (66–78). Bibliographical footnotes.

1953

 Carroll, John B. The Study of Language: A survey of linguistics and related disciplines in America. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. Press, xiv + 289 pp. (Many reprintings).

Revised and enlarged version of Carroll 1950. This important study of North American linguistic scholarship up to the early 1950’s devotes space to 19th century studies in linguistics, including European trends (15–23). For the most part, however, it is concerned with the development of American linguistics from the 1920’s onwards. It contains a rich bibliography (246–68), and an index (271–89). Two reviews may be mentioned, each of which expressed a particular viewpoint: Henry Lee Smith, Jr. (1913–72) in Language 31.59–72 (1955), and Uriel Weinreich (1924–67) in Word 9.277–79 (1953).

1953

 Bonfante, Giuliano (b.1904). “Ideas on Kinship of the European Languages from 1200 to 1800”. Cahiers d’Histoire mondiale / Journal of World History 11.679–99 (Paris 1953–54).

Surveys the history of the question of relationship among European languages from the appearance of Giraldus Cambrensis’ Description of Wales (1194) until F. Schlegel’s Ueber die Sprache und Weisheit der Indier (1808). Bibliography (697–99).

1954

 Jarceva, V[iktorija] N[ikolaevna]. “O kurse ‘storija jazykoznanija’ na filologičeskix fakultetax universitetov [Concerning a course “The History of Linguistics” in faculties of arts of universities]”. Voprosy Jazykoznanija 3:4.104–15.

This programmatic article was hotly discussed at the time. Apart from the points raised by Aleksandr Moiseevič Finkel’ and Isaak Iosifovič Cukerman in Voprosy Jazijkoznanija 3:6.102–05 and 105–06, respectively, the most important contribution to the debate was the article by Agnija Vasil’evna Desnickaja, “Ob universitets-kom kurse ‘Istorija jazykoznanija’”, ibid. 3:5.90–104 (1954) which also appeared in G. transl., “Zur Problematik der Vorlesung ‘Geschichte der Sprachwissenschaft’”, Sowjetwissenschaft: Gesellschaftwissenschaftliche Abteilung 1955/4.515–31 (prepared by Klaus Müller).

1955

 Arens, Hans (b.1911) Sprachwissenschaft: Der Gang ihrer Geschichte von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart. (= Orbis Academicus; Problemgeschichte der Wissenschaft in Dokumenten und Darstellungen, I:6.) Freiburg & Munich: K. Alber, viii + 568 pp. (2nd rev. and enl. ed. 1969), xvi + 816 pp.

A critical account, with excerpts (in G. transl. where applicable) from the relevant writings, of the development of linguistic thought from antiquity to modern times. For details, see Arens 1969. Bibliography (533–55). From the two dozen reviews of this book, the following may be mentioned here: Manfred Mayrhofer in Germanisch-Romanische Monatsschrift 37.401–04 (1956); Walter Porzig (1895–1961) in Gymnasium 65.530–33 (1958), and Jadwiga Puzynina in Poradnik Jȩzykowy 1959/9.412–20.

1955

 Catalán Menéndez-Pidal, Diego. La escuela lingüística española y su con cepción del lenguaje. (= Biblioteca Románica Hispánica, II:22.) Madrid: Ed. Gredos, 169 pp.

Similar to Giacomo Devoto’s (b.1897) I fondamenti della storia linguistica (Florence: G.C. Sansoni, 1951), 94 pp., this book is concerned with presenting particular aspects of general linguistics rather than a historical survey. No bibliography. Index of names (163–65).

1955

 Hattori, Shirô (b.1908) “Introduction”. An Introduction to the Languages of the World vol.II1 ed. by Sanki Ichikawa and S. Hattori. Tokyo: Kenkyusha, 147 pp.

In Jap. Survey of the history of western linguistics; compare chap.II, “Morphological Classification of Languages and the ‘Evolutionary’ theory of language” (21–47), which traces the subject matter from F. Schlegel (1808) to J. H. Greenberg in the 1950’s, or chap.III, “The Development of the Comparative Method” (47–73), which gives an account of the topic from Leibniz to Whitney and the neogrammarians.

1955

 Vitale, Maurizio. “Sommario elementare di una storio degli studi linguistichi romanzi”. Preistoria e storia degli studi romanzi ed. by Antonio Viscardi, et al., 5[7]–169. Milan & Varese: Istituto Ed. Cisalpino, 415 pp.

A survey of Romance linguistics from Dante’s De vulgari eloquentia to the work of Vossler, Bally, and Spitzer.

1956

 Zvegincev, V(ladimir) A(ndreevič b.1910), ed. Xrestomatija po istoriijazykoznanija XIX–XX vekov [Chrestomathy for the history of 19th and 20th century linguistics]. Moscow: Gosud. učebno-ped. izd. Ministerstva prosveščenija RSFSR, 458 pp. (2nd ed., 21 vols. 1960; 3rd ed. 1964–65.)

Anthology of linguistic statements from Bopp to Meillet and Vendryes. For details, see Zvegincev 1964–65.

1957–63

 Borst, Arno. Der Turmbau von Babel: Geschichte der Meinungen über Ursprung und Vielfalt der Sprachen und Völker. 4 vols, in 6. Stuttgart: A. Hiersemann, viii + 2320 pp. [+ prelimary pages].

Paged consecutively. The vols. are entitled: I (1957), “Einführung – Fundamente – Aufbau” (1–357); II:I+2 (1958–59), “Ausbau” (361–615, 617–952); III:1+2 (1960–61), “Umbau” (955–1394, 1395–1882), and IV (1963), “Schlüsse: – Ubersichten” (1883–2320). Subject and name index (2145–2314); bibliography (2119–35). The work traces the ideas of the orgin of language and its diversity from the earliest historically attested times to the 20th century. For an appraisal, consult P. A. Verburg’s review article in Lingua 12.309–19 (1963).

1957

 Dobson, E(ric) J(ohn). English Pronunciation, 1500–1700. 21 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, xxii + 1078 pp. [paged consecutively]. (2nd ed. 1968.)

Vol.1, “Survey of the Sources”, xxiii + 444 pp.; vol.II, “Phonology”, v + [445-] 1078 pp. Cf. the reviews by Eilert Ekwall in RES 9.303–12 (1958), and Martin Lehnert in Anglia 76.443–48 (1958).

1957

 Gagkaev, K(azan) E(gorovič). Kurs lekcij po istorii jazykoznanija [Lectures on the history of linguistics]. Odessa: Odesskij gosud. Univ., 154 pp.

After a general introduction (6–16), individual chaps. are devoted to the following epochs and areas in the history of linguistics: India (17–27); China (28–36); classical antiquity (Greece and Rome, 37–49); Arab linguistic scholarship (50–57); the middle ages (58–66); 16–18th centuries (67–77); The rise of comparative-historical linguistics’ (78–88); linguistics in the mid-19th century’ (89–98), and several chaps. devoted to ideological rather than linguistic questions (99–107, 139–47) – compare the treatment of post-Saussurean linguistics under the heading ‘Bourgeois sociologism and its development’ (128–38) –, and a chap. on the neogrammarians (108–17). Bibliographical references (14–16); indices (149–53).

1958

 Christmann, Hans Helmut. “Strukturelle Sprachwissenschaft: Grundlagen und Entwicklung”. Romanisches Jahrbuch 91.17–40 [1959].

Another part appeared in Romanisches Jahrbuch 12.23–50 (196l[l962]). A survey of structural linguistic trends in Europe and America, from Boas, Saussure, and Bloomfield to the late 1950’s and, in the supplement, early 1960’s.

1958

 Watanabe, Shoichi (b.1930) Studien zur Abhängigkeit der frühneuenglischen Grammatiken von den mittelalterlichen Lateingrammatiken. Diss., Univ. of Münster. (Printed, Münster: M. Kramer 1958), xiii + 303 + 2 pp. (vita).

The study presents the medieval grammatical tradition and its impact on Renaissance linguistic scholarship (pp.3ff.), and, after an analysis of the treatment of various individual aspects of grammar, discusses individual 17th-century grammars, from Alexander Hume (1617) to John Wallis (1653) (176–288). Bibliography (v-xii);no index.

1959

 François, Alexis (1877–1958) Histoire de la langue française cultivée: Des origines à nos jours. 21 vols. Geneva: A. Jullien.

As the title indicates, the study constitutes a history of the French language in its written code (from its early beginnings – 842 (the bilingual treaty signed at Strasburg) – until modern times) rather than a history of French linguistic scholarship, similar to the voluminous work of Brunot 1905ff. However, it contains chaps. devoted to aspects of French grammar (e.g. I, pp.25 3–64). Bibliographical references are given at the end of each chap. Total number of pages: vol.I: xviii + 409; vol.II: 306. No index.

1959

 Malmberg, Bertil. Nya vägar inom språkforskningen: En orientiering i modem lingvistik. Stockholm: Svenska Bokförlaget; Copenhagen: E. Munksgaard. (2nd ed. 1962; 3rd rev. ed. 1966; 4th ed. 1969), ix + 300 pp.

For details, see Malmberg 1964 (=E. transl. of Malmberg 1959; 2nd ed.) For an American view of the first edition, consult Einar Haugen in Language 36.524–27 (1960).

1959

 Neumann, Sven-Gösta (b.1909) Recherches sur le français des XV^e et XVI^e siecles et sur sa codification par les théoriciens de l’époque. Lund: C. W. K. Gleerup; Copenhagen: E. Munksgaard, 224 pp. [Diss., Univ. of Lund].

The study is mainly concerned with John Palsgrave’s (1530) grammar of French and the ensuing linguistic debate in France. ‘Notice bibliographique’ (11–17) surveys previous work in the field. General bibliography (217–21); no index.

1960

 Aarsleff, Hans C[hristian?]. The Study of Language in England, 1780–1860. Diss., Univ. of Minnesota. St.Paul, Minn., x + 567 typed pp.

For details, see rev. version (Aarsleff 1967); bibliography (555–87).

1960

 Diderichsen, Paul (1905–64) Rasmus Rask og den grammatiske tradition: Studier over vendepunktet i sprogvidenskabens historie. (= Historisk-fllologiske meddelser udg. af det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, 38:2.) Copenhage: E. Munksgaard, 251 pp.

A study on the background of Rask and the intellectual trends of his time that led to the formulation of comparative linguistics. G. summary (233–38); bibliography of primary and secondary sources (239–51). No index. AG. transl., Rasmus Rask und die grammatische Tradition: Eine Studie über den Wendepunkt in der Sprachwissenschaftsgeschichte, is to appear (Munich: W. Fink.)

1960/61

 Hanzeli, Victor Egon (b.1925) Missionary Linguistics in New France: A study of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century descriptions of American Indian languages. Diss., Indiana Univ., Bloomington, Ind. (Printed, The Hague: Mouton 1969), 141 pp. in small 4°1; with figures and tables.

The perhaps most important study to date evaluating the linguistic work of missionaries in French speaking areas of the North American continent during the 17th and 18th centuries, with particular reference to the work done by Jesuits in Canada on Algonquin languages. The historical chaps. I to V (11–66) are followed by an analysis of the phonology and morphology of Ojibwa-Algonquian (67–99) based on printed works and manuscripts written by these missionaries. Various appendices (103–28); bibliography (129–36), and index (137–41).

1961

 Graur, Al(exandru b.1900), and Lucia Waid. Scurtă istorie a lingvisticii. Bucharest: Ed. ştiinţifica, 142 pp. (2nd rev. ed. 1965.)

Work not seen by the compiler; for details, see Graur & Wald 1965.

1961

 Kravčuk, R(eingol’d) V(ladimirovič). Iz istorii slavjanskogo jazykoznanija. Kiev: Radianska Škola, 139 pp.

Not seen by the compiler.

1961

 Loja, J(anis Viļuma 1896–1969) Valodniec̄ibas vēstire [History of linguistics]. Riga: Latvijas Valsts izd., 309 + 4 pp.

Consists of two major parts: ‘Early linguistic activities’ (11–56), consisting of a brief survey of pre-19th century linguistic work, and ‘Scientific linguistics’ (57–252), from the early comparatists to the first half of this century. Bibliographies (253–87); index of authors (295–309), with lifedates. See also Loja 1968.

1961

 Lepscky (or Lepschy), Giulio C(iro b.1935) “Aspetti teorici di alcune correnti della glottologia contemporanea”. Annali della Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa; Lettere, storia e filosofia 301.187–267.

First account by the author of Saussurean structuralism in Europe and America; supplemented ibid. 34.221–95 (1965). Together they formed the basis of Lepschy 1966 (see there for details).

1961

 Mohrmann, Christine, Alf Sommerfelt (1892–1965), and Joshua Whatmough (1901–61), eds. Trends in European and American Linguistics, 1930–1960. Utrecht & Antwerp: Spectrum, 299 pp. (2nd printing 1963.)

See also Mohrmann, et al. 1963. The vol. includes individual articles summing up the linguistic theories and works of particular schools, e.g., A. Sommerfelt on the ‘French School’ (283–93), and Robert Godel on the “Ecole saussurienne de Genève” (294–99). Each contribution includes bibliographical footnotes or a bibliography. No index.

1961

 Wojowasito, Suwofu. Linguistik: Sedjurah ilmu (perbandingan) bahasa. Djakarta: Gunung Agung, 260 pp. (2nd ed. 1965.)

The book constitutes a history of linguistics, from the early beginnings (Sanskrit grammarians) to the 1950’s. Bibliography (241–49); index (250–58).