Although his contributions to the study of language are now all but forgotten, Catholic University of America sociologist Paul Hanly Furfey (b. 1896) gave the first known courses on the Sociology of Language starting in 1943. In 1944, he published articles on language and social class, men’s and women’s language, and the Bloomfieldian method of linguistic analysis, and in the early 1950s, he directed the joint dissertation of two of the very first urban dialect researchers to undertake work sufficiently systematic and socially oriented to merit the designation ‘sociolinguistic’ (Putnam & O’Hern 1955). This article surveys Furfey’s career as well as the work of many other pre-1960 contributors to sociolinguistics, notably in North America, most of which fell into oblivion following the great success of William Labov.
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Currie, Eva Garcia C.(b.1912). 1949. “Linguistic and Sociological Considerations of Some Populations of Texas”. Paper presented at Southern Speech Association, Waco, Tx.
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DeCamp, David. 1959. Rev. of Sapon 1957. Language 351.394–402.
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Dollard, John(1900–1980). 1937. Caste and Class in a Southern Town. New Haven: Publ. for the Institute of Human Relations by Yale Univ. Press; London: H. Milford for Oxford Univ. Press.
Doroszewski, Witold(1899–1976). 1933. “Quelques remarques sur les rapports de la sociologie et la linguistique: Durkheim et F. de Saussure”. Journal de Psychologie normale et pathologique 301.82–91. (Repr. in Essais sur le langage presented by Jean-Claude Pariente, 99–109. Paris: Éds. de Minuit, 1969.)
Ellis, Marc H.1981. Peter Maurin: Prophet in the twentieth century. New York: Paulist Press.
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Firth, J[ohn] R[upert](1890–1960). 1950. “Personality and Language in Society”. Sociological Review 421.37–53. (Repr. in Firth, Papers in Linguistics 1934–1951, 177–189. London: Oxford Univ. Press, 1957.)
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Fishman, Joshua A[aron](b.1926). 1967. Rev. of Hertzler (1965). Language 431.586–604.
Fries, Charles C[arpenter](1887–1967). 1940. American English Grammar: The grammatical structure of present-day American English with especial reference to social differences or class dialects. New York & London: Appleton-Century.
Furfey, Paul Hanly(b.1896). 1919. “Conscious and Unconscious Factors in Symbolism”. Psychological Studies from the Catholic Univ. of America, vol.51: Clinical and psychoanalytic studies ed. by Edward A. Pace. (= Psychological Monographs 27), 349–386.
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1926. The Gang Age: A study of the preadolescent boy and his recreational needs. New York: Macmillan.
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1929a. Social Problems of Childhood. Ibid.
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1929b. You and Your Children. New York: Benzinger.
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1929c. A Selected Bibliography on Child Development. (= Catholic Univ. of America Educational Research Bulletins 4, no.4). Washington, D.C. [Includes nine items under the heading “Speech” (20–21).]
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1929d. “Psychoanalysis, Behaviorism, and the Gestalt”. Thought 41.235–253.
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1930. The Growing Boy: Case studies of developmental age. New York: Macmillan.
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1935. “A Sociologist Looks at Catholic Art”. Christian Social Art Quarterly 2:4.27.
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1936. Fire on the Earth. New York: Macmillan. (Repr., New York: Arno Press, 1978.)
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1937. Three Theories of Society. New York: Macmillan.
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1942. A History of Social Thought. Ibid.
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1943. “PLOUSIOS and Cognates in the New Testament”. Catholic Biblical Quarterly, July 1943, 243–263.
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1944a. “The Sociological Implications of Substandard English”. American Catholic Sociological Review 51.3–9.
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1944b. “Men’s and Women’s Languages”. American Catholic Sociological Review 51.218–223.
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1944c. “The Semantic and Grammatical Principles in Linguistic Analysis”. Studies in Linguistics 21.56–66.
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1952a. An Outline of Phonetics. Mimeographed. Washington: D.C. Unpublished, 102 pp. [In Catholic Univ. of America Archives.]
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1952b. An Outline of Phonemics. Mimeographed. Ibid., 45 pp. [In Catholic Univ. of America Archives.]
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1953. The Scope and Method of Sociology. New York: Harper.
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1961. “The Need for the Clarification of Basic Concepts: A memorandum from Furfey to [George A.] Lundberg”. Sociological Inquiry 311.107–116. [Thoroughgoing epistemological document on ‘supra-empirical’ positivism vs. ‘empirical’ science, directed at his behaviorist opponent in the ‘Furfey-Lundberg controversy’.]
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1972. The Subculture of the Washington Ghetto. Washington, D.C.: Bureau of Social Research, Catholic Univ. of America.
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1978. Love and the Urban Ghetto. Maryknoll, N.Y.: Orbis Books.
Furfey, Paul Hanly. 1987. Interview with Bruce H. Lescher, csc., conducted at Hyattsville, Maryland, 15December 1987. Unpublished. [In Catholic Univ. of America Archives.]
Furfey, Paul Hanly. Ms.a. “Catholic Social Thought and Action in the United States: An eyewitness account of some developments”. Unpublished. [In Catholic Univ. of America Archives.]
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Furfey, Paul Hanly. Ms.c. Lecture notes for course entitled The Sociology of Language, given at Catholic Univ. of America, 1943[?]. Unpublished. [In Catholic Univ. of America Archives.]
Furfey, Paul Hanly, Martha Anne Bonham & Mae Kathryn Sargent. 1930. “The Mental Organization of the Newborn”. Child Development 1.1.48–51. [Holds that newborns are mental ‘blanks’, with mental organization beginning only after the first month of life.]
Furfey, Paul Hanly & Joseph F. Daly. 1934. The Interpretation of the Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient. (= Catholic Univ. of America Educational Research Monographs 8, no. 4). Washington, D.C. [On the mathematical treatment of relationships in the sciences.]
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Hubbell, Allan F[orbes](1914–1976). 1950. The Pronunciation of English in New York City: Consonants and vowels. New York: King’s Crown Press, Columbia Univ. (Repr., New York: Octagon Books, 1972.) [Originally the author’s Ph.D. thesis, Columbia Univ., 1950.]
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