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Historiographia Linguistica
Vol. 2:3 (1975) ► pp.299–333

Schleicher, Čelakovský, and the Family-Tree Diagram

| University of Alberta
The first family-tree diagram in August Schleicher’s (1821–68) published work appeared in 1853, seven years after his first printed discussion of the family-tree concept. In 1853 there also appeared Čteni o srovnavaci mluvnici slovanské by the Czech scholar František Ladislav Čelakovský (1799–1852); this book also contained a family-tree diagram. Since Čelakovský and Schleicher were contemporaries in Prague for over two years, their interrelationship is of interest: was this rivalry of collaboration? At first sight, a coincidence seems improbable.
In the available work on and by Schleicher, Čelakovský is never mentioned; in the writings on and by Čelakovský, Schleicher’s name is never linked to his. However, the two had very many common interests. Apart from being colleagues at Charles University, they shared the same friends and enemies, were both interested in music and botany, and so on. Moreover, both were working on Slavic Historical Linguistics during the period in question. On the other hand, their personalities were such that the possibility of a mutual antipathy must not be excluded.
Given the background to Čelakovský’s life and work, including the legends of the common origin of the Slavs and the obviously close interrelationships of the Slavic languages; the burgeoning of interest in Slavic history and linguistics, and in Panslavicism; the popularity of genealogy; and the developments in classificatory techniques along natural scientific lines, it is argued that Čela-kovský’s depiction of a family-tree for the Slavic languages could be quite naturally expected from him at this point in time, without any influence from Schleicher. On the other hand, Schleicher’s first family-tree diagrams were the next logical step in his own development. Moreover, the actual form of the diagrams in question suggests that they may indeed have been developed independently. This puzzle in the history of linguistics remains unsolved: collaboration, rivalry, and coincidence are all possible.
Published online: 1 January 1975
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https://doi.org/10.1075/hl.2.3.03pri
References (163)
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Kaplan, Judith R.H.
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Morrison, David A.
2016. Genealogies: Pedigrees and Phylogenies are Reticulating Networks Not Just Divergent Trees. Evolutionary Biology 43:4 ► pp. 456 ff. DOI logo
Swiggers, Pierre & Toon Van Hal
2014. Morphologie du langage et typologie linguistique. In History of Linguistics 2011 [Studies in the History of the Language Sciences, 123], ► pp. 87 ff. DOI logo
Gontier, Nathalie
2011. Depicting the Tree of Life: the Philosophical and Historical Roots of Evolutionary Tree Diagrams. Evolution: Education and Outreach 4:3 ► pp. 515 ff. DOI logo
Koerner, E.F.K.
2006. Schleicher, August (1821–1868). In Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics, ► pp. 20 ff. DOI logo
O'Hara, Robert J.
2006. Trees of History in Systematics, Historical Linguistics, and Stemmatics: A Working Interdisciplinary Bibliography. SSRN Electronic Journal DOI logo
van Pottelberge, Jeroen
2003. Die ursprünglichen fragestellungen hinter August schleichers Stammbaum-Theorie und Johannes Schmidts Wellen-Metapher. Historiographia Linguistica 30:3 ► pp. 301 ff. DOI logo
Minaka, N.
1998. Most parsimonious estimation of molecular phylogenies. Japanese Journal of Biometrics 19:Special_Issue ► pp. S49 ff. DOI logo
Toman, Jindřich
1989. Biological Metaphor and Cladistic Classification: An Interdisciplinary Perspective. Ed. by Henry M. Hoenigswald & Linda F. Wiener. Historiographia Linguistica 16:1-2 ► pp. 194 ff. DOI logo
Priestly, T. M. S.
1977. The History of Linguistics in Russia. Historiographia Linguistica 4:1 ► pp. 69 ff. DOI logo

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