Phonetics and speaking machines
On the mechanical simulation of human speech in the 17th century
This paper shows that in the 17th century various attempts were made to build fully automatic speaking devices resembling those exhibited in the late 18th-century in France and Germany. Through the analysis of writings by well-known 17th-century scientists, and a document hitherto unknown in the history of phonetics and speech synthesis, an excerpt from La Science universelle (1667[1641]) of the French writer Charles Sorel (1599–1674), it is argued that engineers and scientists of the Baroque period have to be credited with the first model of multilingual text-to-speech synthesis engines using unlimited vocabulary.
References
Adam, Antoine
1958 Romans du XVIIe. Paris: Editions de la Pléiade.

Bedini, Silvio A.
1964 “
The Role of Automata in the History of Technology”.
Technology and Culture 41.24–42.

Caus, Salomon de
1615 Les Raisons des Forces Mouvantes. Paris: Hierosme (Jérôme) Drouart. (2nd ed. 1623.)

Chapman, Roger E.
1957 Harmonie Universelle: The books on instruments of Marin Mersenne. First English translation. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.

Chapuis, Alfred & Edouard Gélis
1984[1928] Le Monde des automates: Étude historique et technique. Facsimile ed. 21 vols. Genève: Slatkine.

Chomsky, Noam
1966 Cartesian Linguistics: A chapter in the history of rationalist thought. New York & London: Harper & Row.

Chomsky, Noam
2000 New Horizons in the Study of Language and Mind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Cohen, John
1966 Human Robots in Myth and Science. South Brunswick: George Allen & Unwin.

Cordemoy, Gérault de
1777[1668] Discours physique de la parole. Facsimile of the second ed. Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt: Friedrich Frommann 1974.

Descartes, René
1636 Discours de la Méthode: Pour bien conduire sa raison et chercher la vérité dans les sciences. Leyde: Jean Marie. (French translation by
Etienne Gilson, Paris: J. Vrin 1925.)

Dutoit, Thierry
1997 An Introduction to Text-to-Speech Synthesis. Dordrecht– Boston–London: Kluwer.

Euler, Leonard
1802[1761] Letters to a German Princess on Different Subjects in Physics and Philosophy. Translated from French by
Henry Hunter, D. D. London: Murrey & Highley.

Fant, Gunnar
1960 The Acoustic Theory of Speech Production. The Hague: Mouton.

Friedell, Egon
1930 A Cultural History of the Modern Age. Vol. II1. Translated from German by
Charles F. Atkinson. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

Gaffarel, Jacques
1650[1629] Curiosités inouïes: Sur la sculpture talismanique des persans. Horoscope des Patriarches. Et lecture sur les étoiles. Paris: Alfred M.

Gillot, Hubert
1914 La querelle des Anciens et des Modernes en France. Paris: Édouard Champion.

Godwin, Joscelyn
1979 Athansius Kircher: A Renaissance man and the quest for lost knowledge. London: Thames & Hudson.

Hardcastle, William J. & Nigel Hewlett
1999 Coarticulation: Theory, data and techniques. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Helmholtz, Hermann
1863 Die Lehre von den Tonemp findungen als physiologische Grundlage für die Theorie der Musik. Braunschweig: Friedrich Vieweg.

Kemp, J. Alan
1995 “
Phonetics: Precursors to modern approaches”.
Concise History of the Language Sciences: From the Sumerians to the Cognitivists ed. by
E. F. K. Koerner &
R. E. Asher, 371–388. Oxford & New York: Pergamon Press.

Kempelen, Wolfgang von
1791 Mechanismus der menschlichen Sprache. Wien: J. B. Degen.

Kibbee, Douglas A.
1991 For to Speke Frenche Trewely. The French Language in England, 1000–1600: Its status, description and instruction. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins.

Kircher, Athanasius
1641 Magnes sive de Arte Magnetica. Roma: Paulo Shor.

Kircher, Athanasius
1650 Musurgia Universalis sive Ars Magna Consoni et Dissoni. Roma: Paulo Shor. (Facsimile ed. by
Ulf Scharlau, Hildesheim: Georg Olms 1970.)

Kircher, Athanasius
1654 Oedipus Aegyptiacus. Roma: Rudolph Dreherr.

Kircher, Athanasius
1673 Phonurgia Nova. Roma: Rudolph Dreherr.

Kohler, Klaus
1981 “
Three Trends in Phonetics: The development of the discipline in Germany since the nineteenth century”.
Towards a History of Phonetics ed. by
R. E. Asher &
J. A. E. Henderson, 161–178. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

Kühnert, Barbara & Francis Nolan
1999 “
The Origins of Coarticulation”. Hardcastle & Hewlett 1999.7–30.

Laziczius, Gyula
1963 Fonetika. Budapest: Tankönykiadó.

Marguin, Jean
1994 Histoire des instruments et machines à calculer. Paris: Hermann.

Matthiae, Jacobus (Jacob Madsen)
1586 De literis libri duo. Basel. (New ed.,
Acta Jütlandica 21 1930.)

Mersenne, Marin
1625 La vérité des sciences, contre les sceptiques ou pyrrhoniens. Facsimile ed. Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt: Frommann-Holzboog 1977.

Mersenne, Marin
1635 Le Traité de l’Orgue. Paris: Pierre Ballard. (Facsimile ed., Leuven: W. Vergaelen 1979.)

Mersenne, Marin
1636 Harmonie Universelle contenant la Théorie et la pratique de la musique. 191 vols. Paris: Sébastien Cramoisy.

Mersenne, Marin
1939 De Attractione. Paris: Hugo Grotius. (Repr. in
Mersenne 1945–1977 [1617–1627], vol. VIII1, pp. 754–761.)

Mersenne, Marin
1945–1977 [1617–1627] Correspondance du Père Marin Mersenne, religieux Minime. Ed. by
C. De Waard et al., 131 vols. Paris: Beauchesne (vol.I1), Presses Universitaires de France (vols. II-IV1), CNRS (vols. V-XIII1).

Panconcelli-Calcia, Giulio
1994 [1941, 1940] Geschichtzahlen der Phonetik (1941) & Quellenatlas der Phonetik (1940) New ed. with an Introd. by
Konrad Koerner. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins.

Roy, Emile
1891 La vie et les œuvres de Charles Sorel. Paris: Hachette.

Scha, Remko
1992 “
Virtual Voices”.
Mediamatic 71.1–14.

Séris, Jean-Pierre
1993 “
Language and Machine in the Philosophy of Descartes”.
Essays on the Philosophy and Science of René Descartes ed. by
S. Voss, 177–192. New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Séris, Jean-Pierre
1995 Langages et machines à l’âge classique. Paris: Hachette.

Sorel, Charles
1667 [1636] Des Talismans, ou figures faites sous certaines constella- tions pour faire aimer, pour guérir les maladies […] etc., avec des observations contre les Curiosités inouies de Gaffarel. Paris: A. de Sommaville.

Sorel, Charles
1641 La Science Universelle de Sorel où est traitté de l’Usage de toutes les choses du Monde. Où l’on trouve les plus beaux secrets des Arts, & les plus sérieuses inventions des Hommes. Troisième volume. Paris: Toussaint Quinet.

Sorel, Charles
1667 [1664] La bibliothèque française. Paris: La Compagnie des Libraires du Palais.

Stauff, Edward L.
1999 Encyclopedia of Organ Stops. Copyright on-line publication at
[URL]
Wallis, John
1674 [1653] Grammatica Linguae Anglicana: de loquela, sive de sonorum formatione. Tractatus grammatico-physicus. London: L. Lichfield.

Wollock, Jeffrey
1997 The Noblest Animate Motion: Biology, medicine and speech in pre-Cartesian linguistic thought. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins.

Cited by
Cited by 2 other publications
Lindstedt, Iwona
2010.
Sonorystyka w twórczości kompozytorów polskich XX wieku,

Warchhold, Sarah & Daniel Duran
2020.
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction,
► pp. 224 ff.

This list is based on CrossRef data as of 20 may 2023. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.