Ta’ārof
Pragmatic key to Iranian social behavior
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.The linguistic mechanics of Ta’ārof
- 2.1Ta’ārof and the Persian verb
- 2.2Ta’ārof and pronouns
- 2.3Ta’ārof and polite discourse
- 2.4Befarmā’id
- 3.Behavioral ta’ārof
- 3.1Deference in physical movement and comportment
- 3.2Seating
- 3.3Greeting
- 3.4Accepting things
- 3.5Guests and hosts
- 4.Using Ta’arof in pragmatic interaction
- 4.1Expressing disapproval
- 4.2Face-saving
- 4.3Overpraise as defense of reputation
- 4.4Actual refusal
- 5.Understanding the logic of Ta’ārof
- 5.1Hierarchy and strategies of Ta’ārof
- 5.2Inside and outside
- 6.Conclusion
-
References
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