Chapter 8
Ainu and the Celtic languages
Comparing vitality and endangerment
Article outline
- Metroethnicity and cool Celtic
- Multilingualism in Japan and the British Isles
- The beginnings of revival: Ainu and the Celtic languages
- A sociological theory of ‘Reversing Language Shift’ (RLS)
- From rocking chair languages to intergenerational oracy
- a.The Ainu language situation: Stages 8–6
- b.The Celtic Languages Situation; Stages 8–6
- c.The Ainu Language Situation: Stages 5–1
- d.The Cornish and Manx Gaelic Rennaissance Stages 5–1
- Politics and struggle: It ain’t easy
- Expectations and over-estimations
- The Ainu language situation: Celtic and other European connections