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Article published In:
Approaches to learning, testing, and researching L2 vocabulary
Edited by Stuart Webb
[ITL - International Journal of Applied Linguistics 169:1] 2018
► pp. 142–168

The effect of out-of-class exposure to English language media on learners’ vocabulary knowledge

| KU Leuven

The aim of this study is to investigate (1) how often Flemish English-as-a-foreign language learners are exposed to English language media outside of the classroom, (2) whether current out-of-class exposure to English language media is related to learners’ vocabulary knowledge, and (3) whether length of instruction (three or six years), gender, and out-of-class exposure to English language media affect Flemish learners’ vocabulary. Data were collected with 79 English-as-a-foreign language learners. They were administered a frequency-based vocabulary test and a questionnaire. The findings of this study show that Flemish English-as-a-foreign language learners are frequently exposed to English language media. The results also indicate a positive relationship between learners’ vocabulary knowledge and exposure to non-subtitled TV programs and movies, the Internet, and written print (books, magazines). Finally, both length of instruction and current out-of-class exposure to English language media had an effect on learners’ vocabulary knowledge, but out-of-class exposure had a larger effect than length of instruction.

Keywords: out-of-class exposure, vocabulary, English, viewing
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Background
    • 2.1Reading
    • 2.2TV viewing
    • 2.3Playing computer games, the Internet, and social media
  • 3.Aim
  • 4.Method
    • 4.1Participants
    • 4.2Test instruments
      • 4.2.1Vocabulary test
      • 4.2.2Questionnaire
    • 4.3Data analysis
  • 5.Results
    • 5.1Vocabulary test
    • 5.2Research question 1
    • 5.3Research question 2
    • 5.4Research question 3
  • 6.Discussion
    • 6.1Learners’ exposure to English language input outside of the classroom
    • 6.2The relationship between out-of-class exposure and learners’ vocabulary knowledge
    • 6.3Factors affecting learners’ vocabulary knowledge
    • 6.4Limitations and suggestions for future research
  • 7.Conclusion
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • References
Published online: 16 April 2018
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/itl.00010.pet
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2023. Effect of using 5G and cloud computing environment for independent college english vocabulary learning. Journal of Cloud Computing 12:1 DOI logo
Warnby, Marcus
2022. Receptive academic vocabulary knowledge and extramural English involvement – is there a correlation?. ITL - International Journal of Applied Linguistics 173:1 ► pp. 120 ff. DOI logo
Webb, Stuart & Anna C.-S. Chang
2022. HOW DOES MODE OF INPUT AFFECT THE INCIDENTAL LEARNING OF COLLOCATIONS?. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 44:1 ► pp. 35 ff. DOI logo
Wu, Huizhen, Ping Yu, Shenshen Yang & Xuanyuan Chen
2022. Video Captioning Effects on EFL Listening Comprehension and Vocabulary Learning. International Journal of Computer-Assisted Language Learning and Teaching 12:2 ► pp. 1 ff. DOI logo
Zenner, Eline, Laura Rosseel & Dirk Speelman
2021. Starman or Sterrenman: An acquisitional perspective on the social meaning of English in Flanders. International Journal of Bilingualism 25:3 ► pp. 568 ff. DOI logo
Zhang, Ruofei, Di Zou, Gary Cheng, Haoran Xie, Fu Lee Wang, Oliver Tat Sheung Au & Zhaoqing Pan
2021. Target languages, types of activities, engagement, and effectiveness of extramural language learning. PLOS ONE 16:6 ► pp. e0253431 ff. DOI logo
Zhang, Zhicong, Heming Li & Jiaxian Zhou
2023. Teaching with social context in instructional video facilitates second language vocabulary learning. Heliyon 9:3 ► pp. e14540 ff. DOI logo
[no author supplied]
2020. INTRODUCTION TO THE SPECIAL ISSUE. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 42:3 ► pp. 489 ff. DOI logo
[no author supplied]
2022. The effect of the British National Corpus' Frequency Lists What’s App Group Discussion on L2 Learners' Receptive Vocabulary Size. Central European Management Journal DOI logo

This list is based on CrossRef data as of 2 june 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.