Factors in the Acquisition of the Present Subjunctive in Spanish: The Role of Reading and Study

Stokes, Jeffery; Krashen, Stephen; Kartchner, John

doi:10.1075/itl.121-122.02sto

Article published In:

ITL - International Journal of Applied Linguistics
Vol. 121/122 (1998) ► pp.19–25

Factors in the Acquisition of the Present Subjunctive in Spanish

The Role of Reading and Study

Jeffery Stokes

Stephen Krashen

John Kartchner

University level students of Spanish were tested on their (acquired) competence in the subjunctive. Free reading in Spanish was a significant predictor of subjunctive competence, but length of residence in a Spanish-speaking country, formal study, and specific study of the subjunctive were not significant predictors. These results are consistent with previous research on free reading in English as a first and second language.

Published online: 1 January 1998

https://doi.org/10.1075/itl.121-122.02sto

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