The discourse contexts are analyzed in which clause-internal in fact developed pragmaticalized meanings and came to invoke scalarity in two domains: epistemic sentence adverb (IPAdv), and additive discourse marker (DM). In both these uses, in fact tightens word to world fit (Powell 1992): the world of epistemic belief in the case of the IPAdv, the world of evaluative, rhetorical perspective in the case of the DM. The analysis therefore provides further evidence for (i) pragmatic ambiguities across these worlds (Sweetser 1990), (ii) subjectification that shifts perspectives from interpersonal (adversative) to personal evaluation (Traugott 1989), (iii) the pragmatic relationship between scalarity, adversativity and additivity (Schwenter 1999). The different orientations of the two uses suggest they are polysemous, not contextually bound.
2021. Persistent argumentative discourse markers: The case of Hebrew rectification-marker be-ʕecem (‘actually’). Journal of Pragmatics 172 ► pp. 254 ff.
Becker, Israela & Rachel Giora
2018. The Defaultness Hypothesis: A quantitative corpus-based study of non/default sarcasm and literalness production. Journal of Pragmatics 138 ► pp. 149 ff.
2012. Connectives. In The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics,
Buysse, Lieven
2020. ‘It was a bit stressy as well actually’. The pragmatic markers actually and in fact in spoken learner English. Journal of Pragmatics 156 ► pp. 28 ff.
Buysse, Lieven
2022. Counterexpectational Translations: The Dutch Markers Toch and Eigenlijk Contrasted with Their English Correspondents. Contrastive Pragmatics► pp. 1 ff.
Charolles, Michel & Paola Pietrandrea
2012. En réalité : de la modalisation à l'organisation du discours. Travaux de linguistique n°64:1 ► pp. 111 ff.
Chen, Jiajun
2017. Dialogicity in dialogue: Deriving Chinese discourse marker bieshuo from the negative imperative. Journal of Pragmatics 110 ► pp. 34 ff.
Combettes, Bernard
2006. Du niveau textuel au niveau énonciatif dans la grammaticalisation : le rôle du contexte. Langue française n° 149:1 ► pp. 48 ff.
Combettes, Bernard
2007. Grammaticalisation des marqueurs de topicalisation en français : les expressions du type pour ce qui regarde. Langue française n° 156:4 ► pp. 93 ff.
Combettes, Bernard & Annie Kuyumcuyan
2007. La formation des modalisateurs en français : le cas des locutions formées sur vérité. Langue française n° 156:4 ► pp. 76 ff.
Combettes, Bernard & Sophie Prevost
2001. Évolution des marqueurs de topicalisation. Cahiers de praxématique :37 ► pp. 103 ff.
Crisostomo, C. Jay
2017. The Sumerian Discourse Markers u4-ba and u4-bi-a. Journal of Cuneiform Studies 69:1 ► pp. 49 ff.
Defour, Tine & Anne-Marie Simon-Vandenbergen
2010. “Positive Appraisal” as a Core Meaning ofwell: A Corpus-Based Analysis in Middle and Early Modern English Data. English Studies 91:6 ► pp. 643 ff.
2011. Crosslinguistic data as evidence in the grammaticalization debate: The case of discourse markers. Linguistics 49:2
Szczyrbak, Magdalena
2017. Modal adverbs of certainty in the rhetoric of Advocates General: a dialogic view. Topics in Linguistics 18:1 ► pp. 48 ff.
Talavira, Nataliia
2017. English orientating constructions denoting location: classification and article use. Lingua Posnaniensis 59:2 ► pp. 101 ff.
Traugott, Elizabeth Closs
2003. From subjectification to intersubjectification. In Motives for Language Change, ► pp. 124 ff.
Traugott, Elizabeth Closs & Richard B. Dasher
2001. Regularity in Semantic Change,
Arie Verhagen
2002. From parts to wholes and back again. cogl 13:4 ► pp. 403 ff.
Wang, Yu-Fang, Pi-Hua Tsai & Ya-Ting Yang
2010. Objectivity, subjectivity and intersubjectivity: Evidence from qishi (‘actually’) and shishishang (‘in fact’) in spoken Chinese. Journal of Pragmatics 42:3 ► pp. 705 ff.
Wang, Yufang, Shu-ing Shyu, Wayne Schams & Hsun-Chen Chen
2018. Bibliography. In Discourse Readjustment(s) in Contemporary English, ► pp. 335 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 23 may 2023. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
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