Article published In:
Journal of Pidgin and Creole LanguagesVol. 10:1 (1995) ► pp.127–155
Penny Cuts
Differentiation of Creole Varieties in Trinidad, 1904-1906
From 1904 to 1906 a series of linked vernacular texts — purportedly written by Trinidadians and other West Indians, including Barbadians — appeared in the Trinidadian newspaper Penny Cuts. Trinidadian English Creole (TEC), a fundamentally stable and clearly creole language throughout the 19th century and well into the 20th, included several varieties, containing more and less English influence. The texts appear linguistically reliable, and show that by this time, TEC was recognizably different from other creole varieties. This differentiation is held to be closely related to the contemporary social situation, reflecting a nationalist/nativist movement towards self-identification.
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Cited by 6 other publications
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Hackert, Stephanie
2019. Chapter 12. Memoirs from Central America. In Keeping in Touch [Advances in Historical Sociolinguistics, 10],
Migge, Bettina
2007. Code‐switching and social identities in the Eastern Maroon community of Suriname and French Guiana1. Journal of Sociolinguistics 11:1 ► pp. 53 ff.
Prescod, Paula & Adrian Fraser
2015. Sociohistorical and linguistic account of St Vincent and the Grenadines. In Language Issues in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [Varieties of English Around the World, G51], ► pp. 1 ff.
Roberts, Sarah J.
2001. Review of Schneider (1997): Englishes around the world, vol. 1. General studies, British Isles, North America. Studies in honour of Manfred Görlach & Schneider (1997): Englishes around the world, vol. 2. Caribbean, Africa, Australasia. Studies in honour of Manfred Görlach. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 16:2 ► pp. 374 ff.
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