Adjunct control and the poverty of the stimulus
Availability vs. evidence
Subject control in non-finite adjuncts is
observed across languages (as in ‘John called Mary after drawing a
picture’). Research on the acquisition of adjunct control has
generally focused on the relevant grammatical components and when
they are acquired. This paper considers these components in the
context of the linguistic input to ask how control in adjuncts is
acquired. Although adjunct control is available in the input, the
instances themselves do not provide evidence for abstract syntactic
relations. Implications are considered for linguistic dependencies
and the evidence in the input.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.What is evidence?
- 2.1Considerations for the input
- 2.1.1The input: Timeframe
- 2.1.2The input: Sources of evidence
- 2.1.3The input: Signal to noise
- 2.2Considerations for grammatical competence
- 3.Availability
- 4.Evidence
- 4.1Direct observation
- 4.1.1Attachment height
- 4.1.1.1Lexical learning (Cairns et al. 1994)
- 4.1.1.2Adjunct misanalysis (Adler 2006)
- 4.1.1.3Binding across clauses
- 4.1.2C-command by the controller
- 4.2Generalization from similar structures
- 4.2.1Complement control
- 4.2.2Finite adjuncts
- 5.Universal grammar
- 5.1Role of the input
- 5.1.1Finiteness
- 5.1.2Complementizers
- 5.2Competence and acquisition
- 5.3Predictions for the input
- 6.Discussion
- 6.1Other types of control
- 6.2Other dependencies
- 6.3Role of the argument of the poverty of the stimulus
- 6.4Conclusion
-
Notes
-
References
References
Adania, Flavia & Stegenwaller-Schütz, Maja & Niesel, Talea
2017 The
peaceful co-existence of input frequency and structural
intervention effects on the comprehension of complex
sentences in German-speaking
children.
Frontiers in
Psychology 8.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Adani, Flavia, van der Lely, Heather K., Forgiarini, Matteo & Guasti, Maria Teresa
2010 Grammatical
feature dissimilarities make relative clauses easier: A
comprehension study with Italian
children.
Lingua 120(9): 2148–2166.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Adler, Allison Nicole
2006 Syntax
and Discourse in the Acquisition of Adjunct
Control. PhD
dissertation, MIT.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Ambridge, Ben
2019 Against
stored abstractions: A radical exemplar model of language
acquisition.
First
Language 40(5–6): 509–559.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Ambridge, Ben, Pine, Julian Mark, Rowland, Caroline F. & Young, Chris R.
2008 The
effect of verb semantic class and verb frequency
(entrenchment) on children’s and adults’ graded judgements
of argument-structure overgeneralization
errors.
Cognition 106(1): 87–129.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Arunachalam, Sudha, Escovar, Emily, Hansen, Melissa & Waxman, Sandra R.
2011 Verb
learning from syntax alone at 21
months. In
Proceedings
of the 35th Annual Boston University Conference on Language
Development,
Nick Danis,
Kate Mesh &
Hyunsuk Sung (eds), 21–24. Somerville MA: Cascadilla Press.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Baker, Carol L.
1979 Syntactic
theory and the projection
problem.
Linguistic
Inquiry 10(4): 533–581.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Banbury, Simon P., Macken, William J., Tremblay, Sébastien & Jones, Dylan M.
2001 Auditory
distraction and short-term memory: Phenomena and practical
implications.
Human
Factors 43(1): 12–29.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Belletti, Adriana
2017 Internal
grammar and children’s grammatical creativity against poor
inputs.
Frontiers in
Psychology 8.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Berwick, Robert C.
1985 The
Acquisition of Syntactic
Knowledge. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Boyle, Robyn & Coltheart, Veronika
1996 Effects
of irrelevant sounds on phonological coding in reading
comprehension and short-term
memory.
The Quarterly Journal
of Experimental Psychology. A, Human Experimental
Psychology 49(2): 398–416.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Broihier, Kevin & Wexler, Kenneth
1995 Children’s
acquisition of control in temporal
adjuncts. In
Papers
on Language Processing and
Acquisition [
MIT Working Papers in
Linguistics 26],
Carson Schütze,
Jennifer Ganger &
Kevin Broihier (eds), 193–220. Cambridge MA: MIT.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Cairns, Helen S., McDaniel, Dana, Hsu, Jennifer R. & Rapp, Michele
1994 A
longitudinal study of principles of control and pronominal
reference in child
English.
Language 70(2): 260–288.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Chien, Yu-Chin & Wexler, Kenneth
1990 Children’s
knowledge of locality conditions in binding as evidence for
the modularity of syntax and
pragmatics.
Language
Acquisition 1(3): 225–295.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Chomsky, Noam
1965 Aspects
of the Theory of
Syntax. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Chomsky, Noam
1981 Lectures
on Government and Binding: The Pisa
Lectures [
Studies in Generative
Grammar
9]. Berlin: De Gruyter.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Conroy, Anastasia, Takahashi, Eri, Lidz, Jeffrey & Phillips, Colin
2009 Equal
treatment for all antecedents: How children succeed with
Principle B.
Linguistic
Inquiry 40(3): 446–486.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Courage, Mary & Cowan, Nelson
2008 The
Development of Memory in Infancy and
Childhood. Hove: Psychology Press.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Cowan, Nelson
2001 The
magical number 4 in short-term memory: A reconsideration of
mental storage
capacity.
Behavioral and
Brain
Sciences 24(1): 87–114.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Crain, Stephen & McKee, Cecile
1985 The
acquisition of structural restrictions on
anaphora. In
Proceedings
of
NELS 15,
Stephen Berman,
Jae-Woong Choe &
Joyce McDonough (eds), 94–110. Amherst MA: GLSA.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Crain, Stephen & Thornton, Rosalind
1998 Investigations
in Universal Grammar: A Guide to Experiments on the
Acquisition of Syntax and
Semantics. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Feigenson, Lisa
2007 Continuity
of format and computation in short-term memory
development. In
Short-and
Long-Term Memory in Infancy: Taking the First Steps towards
Memory,
Lisa M. Oakes &
Patricia J. Bauer (eds), 51–74. Oxford: OUP.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Fisher, Cynthia, Gertner, Yael, Scott, Rose M. & Yuan, Sylvia
2010 Syntactic
bootstrapping.
Wiley
Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive
Science 1(2): 143–149.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Fodor, Janet D.
1989 Learning
the
periphery. In
Learnability
and Linguistic Theory,
Robert J. Matthews &
William Demopoulos (eds), 129–154. Dordrecht: Springer.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Fodor, Janet D.
1994 How
to obey the Subset Principle: Binding and
locality. In
Syntactic
Theory and First Language Acquisition, Vol. 2: Binding,
Dependencies and Learnability,
Barbara Lust,
Gabriella Hermon &
Jaklin Kornfilt (eds), 429–451. Hillsdale NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Frank, Robert
1998 Structural
complexity and the time course of grammatical
development.
Cognition 66(3): 249–301.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Friedmann, Naama, Belletti, Adriana, & Rizzi, Luigi
2009 Relativized
relatives: Types of intervention in the acquisition of A-bar
dependencies.
Lingua 119(1): 67–88.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Gagliardi, Annie, Mease, Tara M. & Lidz, Jeffrey
2016 Discontinuous
development in the acquisition of filler-gap dependencies:
Evidence from 15- and
20-month-olds.
Language
Acquisition 23(3): 234–260.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Gerard, Juliana
2016 The
Acquisition of Adjunct Control: Grammar and
Processing. PhD
dissertation, University of Maryland.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Gerard, Juliana, Lidz, Jeffrey, Zuckerman, Shalom & Pinto, Manuela
2017 Similarity-based
interference and the acquisition of adjunct
control.
Frontiers in
Psychology 8.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Gerard, Juliana, Lidz, Jeffrey, Zuckerman, Shalom & Pinto, Manuela
2018 The
acquisition of adjunct control is colored by the
task.
Glossa: A Journal of
General
Linguistics 3(1): 75.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Gertner, Yael, Fisher, Cynthia & Eisengart, Julie
2006 Learning
words and rules: Abstract knowledge of word order in early
sentence
comprehension.
Psychological
Science 17(8): 684–691.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Gold, E. Mark
1967 Language
identification in the
limit.
Information and
Control 10(5): 447–474.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Goodluck, Helen
1981 Children’s
grammar of complement-subject
interpretation. In
Language
Acquisition and Linguistic
Theory,
Susan Tavakolian (ed.), 139–166. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Goodluck, Helen
2001 The
nominal analysis of children’s interpretations of adjunct
pro
clauses.
Language 77(3): 494–509.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Goodluck, Helen & Behne, Dawn
1992 Development
in control and
extraction. In
Theoretical
Issues in Language
Acquisition,
Jürgen Weissenborn,
Helen Goodluck &
Thomas Roeper (eds), 151–171. Hillsdale NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Gordon, Peter C., Hendrick, Randall & Johnson, Marcus
2001 Memory
interference during language
processing.
Journal of
Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and
Cognition 27(6): 1411–1423.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Gordon, Peter C., Hendrick, Randall, & Johnson, Marcus
2004 Effects
of noun phrase type on sentence
complexity.
Journal of Memory
and
Language 51(1): 97–114.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Gordon, Peter C., Hendrick, Randall, Johnson, Marcus, & Lee, Yoonhyoung
2006 Similarity-based
interference during language comprehension: Evidence from
eye tracking during
reading.
Journal of
Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and
Cognition 32(6): 1304–1321.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Gordon, Peter C., & Lowder, Matthew W.
2012 Complex
sentence processing: A review of Theoretical Perspectives on
the Comprehension of Relative Clauses: Review of Complex
Sentence Processing.
Language
and Linguistics
Compass 6(7): 403–415.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Green, Jeffrey
2018a Adjunct
Control: Syntax and
Processing. PhD
dissertation, University of Maryland.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Green, Jeffrey
2018b Non-subject
control of temporal
adjuncts. In
Proceedings
of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society
54. Chicago IL: CLS.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Gries, Stefan T.
2010 Dispersions
and adjusted frequencies in corpora: Further
explorations. In
Corpus-linguistic
Applications,
Stefan T. Gries,
Stefanie Wulff &
Mark Davies (eds), 197–212. Leiden: Brill Rodopi.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Grimshaw, Jane & Pinker, Steven
1989 Positive
and negative evidence in language
acquistion.
Behavioral and
Brain
Sciences 12(2): 341–342.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Grodzinsky, Yosef
1989 The
language learner: A trigger-happy
kid? Behavioral and Brain
Sciences 12(2): 342–343.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Guasti, Maria Teresa
2017 Language
Acquisition: The Growth of
Grammar. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Haegeman, Liliane
2000 Adult
null subjects in non pro-drop
languages. In
The
Acquisition of Syntax: Studies in Comparative Developmental
Linguistics,
Marc-Ariel Friedemann &
Luigi Rizzi (eds), 129–169. New York NY: Pearson Education.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Hamburger, Henry & Crain, Stephen
1982 Relative
acquisition.
Language
Development 1: 245–274.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Harrigan, Kaitlyn, Hacquard, Valentine & Lidz, Jeffrey
2019 Hope
for syntactic
bootstrapping.
Language 95(4): 642–682.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Heinz, Jeffrey & Riggle, Jason
2011 Learnability. In
The
Blackwell Companion to
Phonology, 5 Volume
Set,
Vol. 1,
Chapter
2,
Marc van Oostendorp,
Colin J. Ewen,
Elizabeth V. Hume &
Keren Rice (eds), 54–78. Malden MA: Wiley & Sons.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Holmberg, Anders, Nayudu, Aarti & Sheehan, Michelle
2009 Three
partial null-subject languages: A comparison of Brazilian
Portuguese, Finnish and
Marathi*.
Studia
Linguistica 63(1): 59–97.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Hsu, Jennifer R., Cairns, Helen S. & Fiengo, Robert. W.
1985 The
development of grammars underlying children’s interpretation
of complex
sentences.
Cognition 20(1): 25–48.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Huang, C. James
1984 On
the distribution and reference of empty
pronouns.
Linguistic
Inquiry 15(4): 531–574.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Huang, Yi T., Zheng, Xiaobei, Meng, Xiangzhi & Snedeker, Jesse
2013 Children’s
assignment of grammatical roles in the online processing of
Mandarin passive
sentences.
Journal of Memory
and
Language 69(4): 589–606.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Janke, Vikki
2018 Discourse
effects on older children’s interpretations of complement
control and temporal adjunct
control.
Language
Acquisition 25(4): 366–391.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Janke, Vikki & Bailey, Laura R.
2017 Effects
of discourse on
control.
Journal of
Linguistics 53(3): 533–565.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Janke, Vikki & Perovic, Alexandra
2017 Contrasting
complement control, temporal adjunct control and controlled
verbal gerund subjects in ASD: The role of contextual cues
in reference
assignment.
Frontiers in
Psychology 8.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Kempe, Vera & MacWhinney, Brian
1999 Processing
of morphological and semantic cues in Russian and
German.
Language and
Cognitive
Processes 14(2): 129–171.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Kush, Dave & Dillon, Brian
2020 Principle
B Constrains the Processing of Cataphora: Evidence for
Syntactic and Discourse Predictions Open Science
Framework.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Kwon, Nayoung & Sturt, Patrick
2014 The
use of control information in dependency formation: An
eye-tracking study.
Journal
of Memory and
Language 73: 59–80.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Landau, Idan
2021 A
Selectional Theory of Adjunct
Control. MIT Press.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Landau, Idan
2015 A
Two-tiered Theory of
Control. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Landau, Idan
2017 Adjunct
control depends on
Voice. In
A
Pesky Set: Papers for David
Pesetsky,
Claire Halpert,
Hadas Kotek &
Coppe van Urk (eds), 93–102. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Lidz, Jeffrey & Gagliardi, Annie
2015 How
nature meets nurture: Universal grammar and statistical
learning.
Annu. Rev.
Linguist 1(1): 333–353.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Lukyanenko, Cynthia, Conroy, Aanastasia, & Lidz, Jeffrey
2014 Is
she patting Katie? Constraints on pronominal reference in
30-month-olds.
Language
Learning and
Development 10(4): 328–344.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Lust, Barbara, Eisele, Julie, & Mazuka, Reiko
1992 The
Binding Theory module: Evidence from first language
acquisition for Principle
C.
Language 68(2): 333–358.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
MacWhinney, Brian
2000 The
CHILDES Project: The
Database, Vol. 2. New York NY: Psychology Press.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Manzini, M. Rita & Wexler, Kenneth
1987 Parameters,
Binding Theory, and
learnability.
Linguistic
Inquiry 18(3): 413–444.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Mateu, Victoria E.
2016 Intervention
Effects in the Acquisition of Raising and Control: Evidence
from English and
Spanish. PhD
dissertation, UCLA.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
McDaniel, Dana, Cairns, Helen S. & Hsu, Jennifer R.
1991 Control
principles in the grammars of young
children.
Language
Acquisition 1(4): 297–335.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
McKee, Cecile
1992 A
comparison of pronouns and anaphors in Italian and English
acquisition.
Language
Acquisition 2(1): 21–54.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Mintz, Toben H., Newport, Elissa L. & Bever, Thomas G.
2002 The
distributional structure of grammatical categories in speech
to young children.
Cognitive
Science 26(4): 393–424.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Naigles, Letitia
1990 Children
use syntax to learn verb
meanings.
Journal of Child
Language 17(2): 357–374.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Nairne, James S.
1988 A
framework for interpreting recency effects in immediate
serial recall.
Memory &
Cognition 16(4): 343–352.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Nairne, James S.
1990 A
feature model of immediate
memory.
Memory &
Cognition 18(3): 251–269.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Newport, Elissa L.
2016 Statistical
language learning: Computational, maturational, and
linguistic
constraints.
Language and
Cognition 8(3): 447–461.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Nguyen, Emma & Pearl, Lisa
2018 Do
you really mean it? Linking lexical semantic profiles and
the age of acquisition for the english
passive. In
The
Proceedings of the 35th West Coast Conference on Formal
Linguistics,
Wm. G. Bennett,
Lindsay Hracs &
Dennis Ryan Storoshenko (eds), 288–295. Somerville MA: Cascadilla Press.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Nguyen, Emma & Pearl, Lisa
2019 Using
developmental modeling to specify learning and
representation of the passive in English
children. In
Proceedings
of the Boston University Conference on Language
Development 43,
Megan M. Brown &
Brady Dailey (eds), 469–482. Somerville MA: Cascadilla Press.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Nunes, Jairo
2014 Adjunct
Control and edge
features. In
Minimalism
and Beyond: Radicalizing the
Interfaces [
Language Faculty and
Beyond 11],
Peter Kosta,
Steven L. Franks,
Teodora Radeva-Bork &
Lilia Schürcks (eds), 79–108. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Omaki, Akira & Lidz, Jeffrey
2015 Linking
parser development to acquisition of syntactic
knowledge.
Language
Acquisition 22(2): 158–192.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Orfitelli, Robyn M.
2012 Argument
Intervention in the Acquisition of
A-movement. PhD
dissertation, UCLA.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Parker, Daniel, Lago, Sol & Phillips, Colin
2015 Interference
in the processing of adjunct
control.
Frontiers in
Psychology 6.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Pearl, Lisa
2019 Poverty
of the stimulus without
tears.
University of
California,
Irvine. (Preprint).
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Pearl, Lisa & Sprouse, Jon
2013a Computational
models of acquisition for
islands. In
Experimental
Syntax and Island Effects,
Jon Sprouse &
Norbert Hornstein (eds), 109–131. Cambridge: CUP.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Pearl, Lisa & Sprouse, Jon
2013b Syntactic
islands and learning biases: Combining experimental syntax
and computational modeling to investigate the language
acquisition problem.
Language
Acquisition 20(1): 23–68.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Perfors, Amy, Tenenbaum, Joshua B. & Regier, Terry
2011 The
learnability of abstract syntactic
principles.
Cognition 118(3): 306–338.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Perkins, Laurel, Feldman, Naomi & Lidz, Jeffrey
2017 Learning
an input filter for argument structure
acquisition. In
Proceedings
of the 7th Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational
Linguistics (CMCL 2017),
Ted Gibson,
Tal Linzen,
Asad Sayeed,
Martin van Schijndel &
William Schuler (eds), 11–19. Valencia: Association for Computational Linguistics.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Phillips, Colin
2013 On
the nature of island constraints, II: Language learning and
innateness. In
Experimental
Syntax and Island Effects,
Jon Sprouse &
Norbert Hornstein (eds), 132–158. Cambridge: CUP.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Pinker, Susan
1979 Formal
models of language
learning.
Cognition 7(3): 217–283.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Pinker, Susan
2009 Language
Learnability and Language
Development, with new commentary by
the author,
Vol. 7. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Pinker, Susan
2013 Learnability
and Cognition: The Acquisition of Argument
Structure. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Pullum, Geoffrey K.
2020 Waiting
for Universal
Grammar. In
Current
Controversies in Philosophy of Cognitive
Science,
Adam J. Lerner,
Simon Cullen &
Sarah-Jane Leslie (eds), 29–43. New York NY: Routledge.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Pullum, Geoffrey K. & Scholz, Barbara C.
2002 Empirical
assessment of stimulus poverty
arguments.
The Linguistic
Review 18(1–2): 9–50.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Regier, Terry & Gahl, Susanne
2004 Learning
the unlearnable: The role of missing
evidence.
Cognition 93(2): 147–155.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Roland, Douglas, Dick, Frederic & Elman, Jeffrey L.
2007 Frequency
of basic English grammatical structures: A corpus
analysis.
Journal of Memory
and
Language 57(3): 348–379.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Scholz, Barbara C. & Pullum, Geoffrey K.
2006 Irrational
nativist
exuberance. In
Contemporary
Debates in Cognitive Science,
Robert Stainton (ed), 59–80. New York NY: John Wiley & Sons.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Sundaresan, Sandhya
2014 Making
sense of silence: Finiteness and the (OC) pro vs. pro
distinction: Commentary on Kissock
(2013).
Natural Language
& Linguistic
Theory 32(1): 59–85.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Sutton, Megan
2015 Competence
and Performance in the Development of Principle
C. PhD
dissertation, University of Maryland.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Sutton, Megan, Fetters, M., & Lidz, Jeffrey
2012 Parsing
for Principle C at 30
months. In
Proceedings
of the 36th Annual Boston University Conference on Language
Development 13,
Alia K. Biller,
Esther Y. Chung &
Amelia E. Kimball (eds), 581–593. Somerville MA: Cascadilla Press.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Tavakolian, Susan
1981 The
conjoined-clause analysis of relative
clauses.
Language Acquisition
and Linguistic Theory,
Susan Tavakolian (ed), 167–187. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Tenenbaum, Joshua B.
1999 Bayesian
modeling of human concept
learning. In
Advances
in Neural Information Processing
Systems 11,
Michael J. Kearns,
Sara A. Solla, &
David A. Cohn (eds), 59–68. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Tenenbaum, Joshua B., & Griffiths, Thomas L.
2001 Generalization,
similarity, and Bayesian
inference.
Behavioral and
Brain
Sciences, 24(4): 629–640.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Tomasello, Michael
2009 Constructing
a Language. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Van Dyke, Julie A., & Johns, Clinton L.
2012 Memory
interference as a determinant of language comprehension:
Interference in
comprehension.
Language and
Linguistics
Compass 6(4): 193–211.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Wang, Felix H. & Trueswell, John C.
2019 Spotting
Dalmatians: Children’s ability to discover subordinate-level
word meanings
cross-situationally.
Cognitive
Psychology 114(101226).
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Warren, Teresa & Gibson, Edward
2002 The
influence of referential processing on sentence
complexity.
Cognition 85 (1): 79–112.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Warren, Teresa & Gibson, Edward
2005 Effects
of NP type in reading cleft sentences in
English.
Language and
Cognitive
Processes 20(6): 751–767.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Wexler, Kenneth
1990 On
unparsable input in language
acquisition. In
Language
Processing and Language
Acquisition,
Lyn Frazier &
Jill De Villiers (eds), 105–117. Dordrecht: Springer.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Wexler, Kenneth
1992 Some
issues in the growth of
control. In
Control
and grammar,
Richard Larson,
Sabine Iatridou,
Uptal Lahiri, &
James Higginbotham (eds), 253–295. New York NY: Springer.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Wexler, Kenneth
2019 Arbitrary
control instead of obligatory control in temporal adjuncts
in Child Grammar: An ATTRACT
analysis. In
Linguistic
Variation: Structure and
Interpretation,
Ludovico Franco &
Paolo Lorusso (eds), 691–716. Berlin: De Gruyter.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Wexler, Kenneth & Chien, Yu-Chin
1985 The
development of lexical anaphors and
pronouns.
Papers and Reports
on Child Language
Development 24: 138–149.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Wexler, Kenneth & Manzini, M. Rita
1987 Parameters
and learnability in Binding
Theory. In
Parameter
Setting,
Thomas Roeper &
Edwin Williams (eds), 41–76. Dordrecht: Springer.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Williams, Edwin
1992 Adjunct
Control. In
Control
and Grammar,
Richard Larson,
Sabine Iatridou,
Uptal Lahiri, &
James Higginbotham (eds) 297–322. Dordrecht: Springer.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Wu, Guobin
1992 Discourse
anaphora in Chinese: A rhetorical predicate
account. In
York
Papers in Linguistics 16,
Steve J. Harlow &
Anthony R. Warner (eds), 185–202.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Xu, Fei & Tenenbaum, Joshua B.
2007 Word
learning as Bayesian
inference.
Psychological
Review 114(2): 245–272.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Cited by
Cited by 1 other publications
Gerard, Juliana
2022.
The extragrammaticality of the acquisition of adjunct control.
Language Acquisition 29:2
► pp. 107 ff.
![DOI logo](//benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 18 may 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.