Table of contents
Acknowledgments
xi
Part I.Theoretical foundations
Chapter 1.
The notion of reading
2
1.1
Critical versus everyday reading practices
6
1.2
The rise of experiential and empirical approaches
13
1.3
Literariness and dehabituation
16
1.4
Transformative potentials
17
1.5
Description of chapters
20
Chapter 2.
Modalities of transformative reading
22
2.1
Phenomenological insights
23
2.2
Linguistic approaches to reading discourse
26
2.2.1
Modality
28
2.2.2
Foregrounding
30
2.2.3
Appraisal
35
2.3
Cognitive sciences contributions
37
2.3.1
Paradoxes in appraisal theories
38
2.3.2
Enactive affordances
41
2.3.3
The body in the world
46
Chapter 3.
The transformative reader
49
3.1
The enactive view of the self
49
3.2
Embodied positionality of the self
52
3.3
Positionality in language
57
3.4
Reflective enactment
60
Part II.Tracking readers’ responses
Chapter 4.
Lexical Basis for Numerically Aided Phenomenology (LEX-NAP)
66
4.1
Origins
66
4.2
Strategies and definitions
68
4.3
A phenomenological method of inquiry
69
4.3.1
Reduction
71
4.3.2
Intersubjectivity
75
4.3.3
Eidetic variation
76
4.3.4
Exact and morphological essences
78
4.3.5
Explicative description
80
4.4
A classificatory procedure
84
4.4.1
Analytical principles and levels
84
4.4.2
Cluster analysis
85
4.4.3
Criteria for evaluating clustering methods
87
4.4.4
Assessment
88
Chapter 5.
Applying LEX-NAP
An empirical investigation of transformative reading of the self
90
5.1
Contextualization
90
5.2
Materials
91
5.2.1
The text
91
5.2.2
Post-reading questionnaires
94
5.3
Participants
97
5.4
Procedures
100
5.5
Tracking readers’ experiences
101
5.5.1
Applying LEX-NAP
102
5.5.2
Analytical units
103
Chapter 6.
A typology of reading experiences
118
6.1
Experiential accounts
118
6.1.1
Two levels
118
6.1.2
Reliability
121
6.1.3
Cluster analysis
123
6.1.4
Four clusters and post-measurement
141
6.2
Textual determinants of the reading experiences
144
6.2.1
Foregrounding analysis
145
6.2.2
Four clusters and post-measurement
147
Chapter 7.
Discoursal basis for the typology
149
7.1
Type I. External enactment
External interpretive reflection of the narrative
150
7.2
Type II. As-If enactment
Protagonist-centered self-implication and “sympathetic pity” for the narrative
155
7.3
Type III. Expressive enactment
Situation-centered self-transformation and “tough love” for the narrative
160
7.4
Type IV. Total enactment
Protagonist-centered self-transformation and “compassionate love” for the narrative
169
Chapter 8.
Assessing the typology
185
8.1
Relations with expressive enactment
185
8.2
Body schema, language enactment, and re-orientation in space
190
8.3
Defining transformative reading experiences
194
Part III.Applications and future directions
Chapter 9.
Uses in learning environments
198
9.1
The theoretical-empirical model
200
9.2
Secondary and primary education
202
9.3
The workplace
205
9.4
Medical ethics
206
Chapter 10.
Looking ahead
Transformative reading in the Third Culture
211
10.1
Reconceptualizing self-modifying reading
212
10.2
Towards an experiential reading
214
10.3
Literary studies and stylistics
218
10.4
Literature education
222
References
225
Appendixes
Appendix 1.
Degrees of intensity (a sample)
248
Appendix 2.
Discoursal features of the protoypes
252
Appendix 3.
Probing the corpus
255
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