This article discusses a variant of the Truth Value Judgment Task (TVJT), which I call the uncertainty mode. In a TVJT experiment conducted with children, a puppet manipulated by an experimenter presents the test sentences to the participant. In the uncertainty mode of TVJT, the crucial test sentences are presented as a guess regarding what has happened in an experimental story, rather than as a description or as a prediction. The crucial feature of this experimental design is that the experimental story employs a certain structure so that the puppet can access only incomplete information at the time when he provides the test sentence. This methodology allows the researcher to create a pragmatic context in which negation and uncertainty expressions, such as disjunction or indefinite pronouns, can be felicitously used. I will review the background from which the uncertainty mode emerged, as well as the advantages of this variant of the TVJT.
1993On children’s understanding of every and or. In Conference Proceedings of Early Cognition and the Transition to Language, University of Texas, April 23–25. Austin TX: Center for Cognitive Science.
Chierchia, G., Crain, S., Guasti, M.T. & Thornton, R.
1998‘Some’ and ‘or’: A study on the emergence of Logical Form. In Proceedings of the 22nd Boston University Conference on Language Development, A. Greenhill, M. Hughes, H. Littlefield & H. Walsh (eds), 97–108. Somerville MA: Cascadilla Press.
Chierchia, G., Crain, S., Guasti, M. T., Gualmini, A. & Meroni, L.
2001The acquisition of disjunction: Evidence for a grammatical view of scalar implicatures. In Proceedings of the 25th Boston University Conference on Language Development, A. H.-J. Do, L. Dominguez & A. Johansen (eds), 157–168. Somerville MA: Cascadilla Press.
Crain, S.
2012The Emergence of Meaning. Cambridge: CUP.
Crain, S. & Thornton, R.
1998Investigations in Universal Grammar: A Guide to Experiments on the Acquisition of Syntax and Semantics. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.
Crain, S., Thornton, R., Boster, C., Conway, L., Lillo-Martin, D. & Woodams, E.
1996Quantification without qualification. Language Acquisition 5: 83–153.
Crain, S., Gardner, A., Gualmini, A. & Rabbin, B.
2002Children’s command of negation. In Proceedings of the 3rd Tokyo Conference on Psycholinguistics, Y. Otsu (ed), 71–95 Tokyo: Hituzi.
Drozd, K.
2000Children’s weak interpretation of universally quantified sentences. In Conceptual Development and Language Acquisition, M. Bowerman & S. Levinson (eds), 340–376 Cambridge: CUP.
Drozd, K. & van Loosbroek, E.
1998Weak quantification, plausible dissent, and the development of children’s pragmatic competence. In Proceedings of the 23rd Boston University Conference on Language Development, S.C. Howell, S.A. Fish & T. Keith-Lucas (eds), 184–195 Somerville MA: Cascadilla Press.
Gordon, P.
1998The truth value judgment task. In Methods for Assessing Children’s Syntax, D. McDaniel, H. Smith Cairns & C. McKee (eds), 211–231 Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.
Goro, T.
2004The emergence of Universal Grammar in the emergence of language: The acquisition of Japanese logical connectives and positive polarity. Ms, University of Maryland at College Park.
Goro, T.
2007Language-specific Constraints on Scope Interpretation in First Language Acquisition. PhD dissertation, University of Maryland at College Park.
Goro, T.
2015Acquisition of scope. In Handbook of Japanese Psycholinguistics, M. Nakayama (ed), 149–180 Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.
Goro, T. & Akiba, S.
2004The acquisition of disjunction and positive polarity in Japanese. In Proceedings of the 23rd West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics, V. Chand, A. Kelleher, A.J. Rodriguez & B. Schmeiser (eds), 251–264 Somerville MA: Cascadilla Press.
Grice, H.P.
1975Logic and conversation. In Syntax and Semantics, 3: Speech Act, P. Cale & J.L. Morgan (eds), 41–58. New York NY: Academic Press.
Gualmini, A.
2001The unbearable lightness of scalar implicatures. Ms, University of Maryland at College Park.
Gualmini, A.
2004Some knowledge children don’t lack. Linguistics 42(5): 957–982.
Gualmini, A. & Crain, S.
2002Why no child or adult must learn De Morgan’s Laws. In Proceedings of the 26th Boston University Conference on Language Development, B. Skarabela, S. Fish & A. H.-J. Do (eds), 243–254 Somerville MA: Cascadilla Press.
Gualmini, A., Hulsey, S., Hacquard, V. & Fox, D.
2008The question-answer requirement for scope assignment. Natural Language Semantics 16: 205–237.
Haspelmath, M.
1997Indefinite Pronouns. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Higginbotham, J.
1991Either/or. In Proceedings of NELS 21, T. Sherer (ed), 143–155 Amherst MA: GLSA.
Hoji, H.
1985Logical Form Constraints and Configurational Structures in Japanese. PhD dissertation, University of Washington.
Jing, C.
2008Pragmatic Computation in Language Acquisition: Evidence from Disjunction and Conjunction in Negative Context. PhD dissertation, University of Maryland at College Park.
Komine, E.
2012Japanese children’s interpretation of a disjunction in comparative sentences and negative sentences. In Proceedings of the Thirteenth Tokyo Conference on Psycholinguistics, Y. Otsu (ed), 103–119 Tokyo: Hituzi Syobo.
Kuno, S.
1973The Structure of the Japanese Language. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.
Lidz, J. & Musolino, J.
2002Children’s command of quantification. Cognition 84: 113–154.
Musolino, J.
1998Universal Grammar and the Acquisition of Semantic Knowledge: An Experimental Investigation into the Acquisition of Quantifier-Negation Interaction in English. PhD dissertation, University of Maryland at College Park.
2002Preschool logic: Truth and felicity in the acquisition of quantification. In Proceedings of the 26th Boston University Conference on Language Development, B. Skarabela, S. Fish & A. H.-J. Do (eds), 406–416. Somerville MA: Cascadilla Press.
Noveck, I.
2001When children are more logical than adults: Experimental investigations on scalar implicatures. Cognition 78: 165–188.
Papafragou, A. & Musolino, J.
2003Scalar implicatures at the semantics-pragmatics interface. Cognition 80: 253–282.
Philip, W.
1991Spreading in the acquisition of universal quantifiers. In Proceedings of West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics, 359–374 Stanford CA: CSLI.
Philip, W.
1992Distributivity and logical form in the emergence of universal quantification. In Proceedings of the Second Conference on Semantic and Linguistic Theory. Ohio State Working Papers in Linguistics 40: 327–346.
Philip, W.
1996The event quantificational account of symmetrical interpretation and a denial of implausible infelicity. In Proceedings of the 20th Boston University Conference on Language Development, A. Stringfellow, D. Cahana-Amitay, E. Hughes & A. Zukowski (eds), 564–575. Somerville MA: Cascadilla Press.
Szabolcsi, A.
2002Hungarian disjunctions and positive polarity. In Approaches to Hungarian 8, I. Kenesei & P. Siptár (eds), 217–241. Budapest: Akademiai Kiado.
Cited by
Cited by 4 other publications
Fujiwara, Yoshiki & Hiroyuki Shimada
2024.
Acquisition of overt and covert
and
: support for the semantic subset principle
. Language Acquisition 31:1 ► pp. 22 ff.
Gao, Na, Peng Zhou, Rosalind Thornton & Stephen Crain
2021. The interpretation of disjunction in VP ellipsis: The case of Mandarin Chinese. First Language 41:6 ► pp. 737 ff.
Shimada, Hiroyuki & Takuya Goro
2021. On the source of children’s conjunctive interpretation of disjunction: Scope, strengthening, or both?. Language Acquisition 28:2 ► pp. 98 ff.
Surányi, Balázs & Gulás, Máté
2022. A diszjunkció mint Pozitív Polaritású Elem. Jelentés és Nyelvhasználat 9:1 ► pp. 185 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 12 april 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.