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Article published In:
Language and Linguistics
Vol. 20:3 (2019) ► pp.451–468

格西霍爾語動詞的時與體

| Yunnan Normal University
| Academia Sinica

霍爾語是四川境內較少人知的語群，屬於漢藏語系羌語支嘉戎語組。本文首度詳細介紹中部霍爾語格西話動詞的時－體範疇。保守的嘉戎語組語言，動詞均採「三分式」時－體系統，一般以方向前綴區別完整體與非完整體，以不同的詞幹標記過去與非過去時。相較於這種保守的形態格局，格西話動詞的時－體系統有數項重要的創新：（一）動詞詞幹交替大幅簡化，標註時間的功能基本喪失；（二）方向前綴從體標記轉成「相對過去時」標記，可通用的相對過去前綴də-開始逐步取代其他前綴，且有聚焦於動作結果的延伸功能；（三）以贅語式造出一般非完整體及「持續體」構造。這些重要的創新既源自內部衍變的機制，也明顯受到本地主流藏語的接觸影響。

Keywords: 嘉戎語組, 霍爾語群, 中部霍爾語, 動詞時−體系統, 語言接觸與創新
Article outline
  • 1.引言
  • 2.格西話時－體系統的特殊發展
    • 2.1動詞詞幹交替萎縮
    • 2.2體前綴轉變為相對時標記
    • 2.3新生贅語式非完整體
    • 2.4持續體
  • 3.前綴də-的特殊用法
    • 3.1作為通用過去時標記
    • 3.2標記情境的結果
  • 4.其他時－體的語意
  • 5.結語
  • 謝辭
  • 笔记
  • 參考文獻
Available under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 4.0 license.

For any use beyond this license, please contact the publisher at [email protected].

Article language: Chinese

Published online: 14 July 2019
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/lali.00040.tia
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