Article published in:
Language and Linguistics
Vol. 21:3 (2020) ► pp. 467–510

潮陽地區四降調系統的變異及演化 [Variations and evolutions of the four-falling-tone system in the Chaoyang area]

| 佛山科學技術學院 Foshan University
本文在地域上將粵東潮陽地區分為郊區與中心區，基於陰上調的讀音差異，將發音人區分為老派和新派，通過詳細考察這「兩區四派」共81位發音人的聲調材料，發現該地區的聲調在地域及年齡上的共時變異可用兩條鏈式演化加以解釋：一是陰上調的槽形鏈移，陰上由高緩降演變為高平（或中平），繼而演變為微升（或高升）；二是陰上、陽去、陰平參與的拉鏈鏈移，該鏈移由陰上的變化啟動，利用聲調的人際差異可確定聲調的演化方向。本文還以潮陽郊區方言23位老派發音人為例，分析其聲調系統中四個降調的對立實質，發現斜率是兩個高降調（高緩降與高直降）的最主要的區別特徵，時長則是重要的伴隨特徵。潮陽地區四降調系統的演化過程體現了漢語方言聲調發展的一個趨勢，即朝著曲拱對立更為豐富的格局發展。
Keywords: 聲調演化, 槽形鏈移, 拉鏈鏈移, 年齡變異, 地域變異
Keywords: tone evolution, groove chain shift, pull chain shift, age-related differences, geographical variations
Published online: 16 June 2020
https://doi.org/10.1075/lali.00068.zha
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