Dynamism is a marked feature for prepositions in French: among its lexicalizations by means of prepositional expressions, inchoative de stands out as the most marked one. Yet, this is the result of a modern normative intervention.
Within the more comprehensive framework of the change of perception of space from Latin to the Romance languages, the case of de- is striking. In Latin compounds, de- has a dynamic meaning; gradually, it loses its dynamic sense and becomes completely bleached in Middle French. Owing to this loss of semantic quantity, adverbial compounds drop to the prepositional level or move up to the nominal one, where dynamism is no longer possible. The opposite movement, relexicalisation, happened in the 17th century, and tends to reinforce the preposition de by preventing it from getting bleached in compounds, and from losing its sense. The current state of de in French illustrates these two successive movements: it has become a full preposition, expressing by itself the beginning of a movement, and at the same time the ‘emptiest’ preposition, a mere function marker.
2012. Bibliographie. In Étude morpho-syntaxique des parasynthétiques [Champs linguistiques, ], ► pp. 285 ff.
Perini-Santos, Pedro
2011. Análise cognitiva da preposição de do português do Brasil. DELTA: Documentação de Estudos em Lingüística Teórica e Aplicada 27:1 ► pp. 37 ff.
De Mulder, Walter & Dejan Stosic
2009. Présentation. Langages n° 173:1 ► pp. 3 ff.
Vaguer, Céline
2009. Mon père m'a expliqué qu'on ne devait pas aimer hors mariage Approches lexicographique, diachronique et synchronique de hors. Langages n° 173:1 ► pp. 76 ff.
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