As semiotic spaces, monuments convey messages through multiple information design modes, including language, materiality and
emplacement. As research on semiotic landscape has pointed out (e.g., Shohamy and Waksman
2009, Abousnnouga and Machin 2010, Train
2016), these messages are often contested in nature and convey competing discourses inherent in the spaces they occupy.
This paper explores those competing discourses manifested in a monument dedicated to the 1976 student protest and violent
suppression of it by the Thai military and right-wing paramilitary groups. Working within a production of space framework (Lefebvre 1991) and drawing on insights from the grammar of visual design (Kress and van Leeuwen 2006) and nexus analysis (Scollon and Scollon 2004), the paper attempts to show how these contested discourses are reflected in the monument’s
historiography as conceived, in its physical appearance and emplacement, and as it is experienced today. The analysis is based on
photographic data of the monument and its immediate physical context, published accounts of the events of October 6, and
interviews with survivors, commemoration planners, and the monument’s designer.
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(2001) Multimodal Discourse: The Modes and Media of Contemporary Communication. London: Arnold.
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(2006) Reading Images: The Grammar of Visual Design. Second Edition. London: Routledge.
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(1991) The Production of Space. English translation by D. Nicholson-Smith. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.
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Malinowski, D.
(2015) Opening spaces of learning in the linguistic landscape. Linguistic Landscape: An International Journal 1 (1–2), 93–113.
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(2012) The Rajadamnoen Avenue: Contesting urban meanings and political memories. Journal of Architectural / Planning Research and Studies 9 (2), 15–37.
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(2006) The silence of the bullet monument: Violence and “truth” management, Dunsun-nyor 1948, and Kru-Ze 2004. Critical Asian Studies 38. (1), 11–37.
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(2004) Nexus Analysis: Discourse and the Emerging Internet. New York: Routledge.
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(2003) Discourses in Place: Language in the Material World. London: Routledge.
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Tanabe, S. and C. F. Keyes
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(2010) Linguistic landscape in mixed cities in Israel from the perspective of ‘walkers’: The case of Arabic. InE. Shohamy, E. Ben-Rafael & M. Barni (Eds). pp. 235–251.
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This list is based on CrossRef data as of 3 april 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
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