Subject index

• accuracy 4, 8, 15, 43, 153, 167–168, 170

• activity/activities 12, 14, 20, 26, 28, 58, 100, 101, 125–127, 142, 150–152, 193–197

• Activities and Episodes 12, 14, 26, 28, 58

• AI Mobile COLT 130, 172, 174, 175

• AI coding 130–132, 135–137, 140, 168, 174
  • configure auto-coding 136–138
  • keyword matching131
  • phrases 131, 136, 137
  • pattern matching 130, 131, 137
  • reliability140

• analytic 3, 153, 166, 167

• artificial intelligence (A.I.) 1, 9, 117, 129, 172, 174, 180–182

• audio (material) 18, 49–51, 170

• audiolingual 5, 157

• Automatic COLT/coding 9, 117, 118, 129–138, 174, 181–183

• automatic speech recognition (ASR)/speech recognition 1, 129, 181, 182

• binary 16, 43, 44, 106, 108, 143, 144

• ‘black box’5

• choral 14, 24, 29, 30, 78, 82, 100, 112, 129

• clarification request 23, 67, 72–75, 82, 177, 199

• Class 14, 29–31, 103, 104

• classification/system of activity types 142, 151, 193

• classroom research 1, 5, 6, 9, 148

• CLT 3, 4, 6, 8, 148, 157–160

• Coding without recording 130, 135, 140, 205

• CollaVOD 117–119, 128, 140, 168–169, 171, 172, 203

• COLAV-E 119, 122, 125, 127, 128, 140

• combinations 28, 36, 38, 41, 43, 46, 102, 108

• comment 23, 68, 72, 82, 112–113, 177
  • form 23, 72, 73
  • message 23, 72–74

• communicative
  • competence 2, 3, 15, 16, 152
  • approach 2–4, 8, 25, 147, 157, 158
  • features 12, 20, 53, 82, 106, 113
  • language teaching 2, 3, 10, 15, 17–20, 23, 24, 110, 111

• communicative orientation 1, 4, 10, 11, 110, 119, 129, 154

• Content 12, 15, 16, 22, 23, 33–46, 102, 103, 129, 193, 194, 202

• Content control 12, 17, 28, 47, 110, 129

• content-based instruction (CBI)/content-based language teaching (CBLT) 8, 161–164, 166

• core French 7, 107, 152–154

• correction 23, 67–71, 82, 108, 111–114, 198

• counterbalance hypothesis 167, 168

• different tasks 14, 15, 30

• Digital COLT 1, 11, 117, 119, 121, 129, 140, 141, 168, 180

• discipline 15, 33, 59, 129

• Discourse initiation 20, 24, 53, 56, 59, 77, 78, 82, 107, 111, 112

• discourse 15, 20, 33, 40–44

• double coding 83, 106, 108

• elaboration request 23, 56, 67, 72, 74, 75, 82, 108, 111, 113, 199

• Episode 12, 14, 20, 26, 28–30, 58, 100, 101, 117, 119

• equal focus/equal emphasis 29–31, 36, 102, 125

• ethnographic 5, 10

• exclusive focus 8, 28, 29, 33, 34, 37, 42, 44, 100, 110

• expansion 23, 56, 57, 67, 72, 73, 82, 112, 177, 199

• experiential 3, 153, 156, 167

• explicit instruction 8, 143

• extended French 7, 107

• focus on form 34, 110, 156, 163

• focus on meaning 4, 8, 16, 36, 42, 110, 160, 173

• form 15, 33–37, 46
  • and meaning 3, 4, 8, 39, 41, 102, 110
  • form-based 3, 77, 150, 180
  • form-focused 77, 110, 143, 154, 156, 160

• Form restriction 20, 24, 53, 78, 111–113, 199

• French immersion 7, 16, 44, 81, 107, 164, 174

• function 15, 33, 37–39, 129

• genuine request 21, 56, 61, 63, 75, 79, 81–82, 106, 113–114, 177, 198

• Giving information 21, 60, 63, 81, 106, 111, 179

• Glexa 117, 119, 127, 134

• global
  • method comparison5
  • score/scoring 10, 110, 111, 119, 127–129, 132, 140, 203

• grammar translation5

• Group 14, 30, 31, 101–104, 110, 169–171, 173, 174

• high inference category 16, 79, 144

• Incorporation of student/teacher utterances 20, 22, 53, 56, 67, 69, 72, 74, 77, 81, 82, 108, 109, 111–114, 177, 198, 199

• Individual 14, 15, 30–32, 101–102, 169, 170

• Information gap 20, 21, 53, 60, 106, 107, 111–114, 177, 178

• instructed SLA 8, 9

• intensive ESL programs 81–83, 88, 92, 96, 142, 149

• inter-rater reliability 10, 16, 18, 44, 79, 100, 105, 141, 144, 154, 157, 162, 164

• Language 15, 26, 33, 34, 36, 42, 102–104, 110, 129, 170

• Learning management system 117, 172

• listening 17, 18, 48, 49

• machine learning 181, 182

• macroscopic/microscopic description 9, 168

• Management 15, 33, 110, 129

• Materials 12, 18, 28, 49–52, 100, 102, 110, 129

• meaning-based instruction 3, 4, 8, 77, 110

• message 20–23, 53, 56, 66–74, 81, 108, 109, 111–114, 177

• meta-analysis8

• minimal (speech/turn) 21, 22, 56, 66, 82, 106, 113, 112–114, 177

• Mobile COLT 117, 128–132, 134, 140, 168, 172–175

• negotiate meaning/negotiation of meaning 4, 15, 158

• notional functional syllabuses3

• numerical COLT 112, 168, 180, 181
  • numerical coding system 1, 111, 113–115, 117, 119, 176–177, 179, 180, 181
  • numerical computer-assisted approach104
  • numerical strings 113, 115, 202

• Off task 20, 59, 111–114, 177, 200

• Other topics 15, 16, 26, 33, 36–38, 40, 42–46, 102, 110, 144
  • broad 16, 33, 36, 40, 41, 43–46, 144, 202
  • narrow 16, 33, 38–45, 144, 202

• paraphrase 23, 67–69, 71, 73, 77, 82, 83, 93, 108, 112–114, 177, 198, 199

• Participant organization 12, 14, 15, 28–32, 100–104, 110, 129

• predictable 21, 56, 60, 61, 74, 81, 82, 106, 111, 112, 177, 179, 180, 198

• primary focus 28, 29, 31, 33, 37–40, 101, 102, 125

• procedure 15, 33, 160

• process-product (research) 5, 7, 8, 148, 150, 152, 154

• pseudo request 21, 55, 56, 60–64, 81, 82, 100, 106, 176, 177, 198

• psycholinguistic validity6

• range of reference 16, 43, 154

• Reaction to form/message 53, 66–74, 81, 112–114, 177

• reading 17, 48, 49
  • reading aloud 60, 80, 166, 195

• real-time coding 53, 145

• Recording and coding 135, 138–140

• reflective practice 9, 142, 157

• repetition 23, 67–70, 77, 82, 112–114, 198, 199

• Requesting information 21, 60, 62, 63, 81, 106, 111, 179

• restricted 24, 25, 56, 78, 79, 82, 112, 199

• same task 14, 15, 30, 31, 101

• simplified COLT Part A 129, 140

• sociolinguistics 16, 33, 42–44, 129

• speaking 17, 48, 49

• speech-to-text technology 9, 131

• student (control) 17, 47, 173

• student-made 18, 49, 50, 52, 153

• Student modality 12, 17, 28, 48, 100, 129, 170

• student to student or class (S↔S/C) 14, 29, 30, 101

• student turn/s 22, 66, 107, 109

• student verbal interaction 20, 24, 58, 59, 85, 106, 112, 113

• subject-matter instruction/classes 7, 8, 15, 16, 44, 68, 142, 161, 162, 163

• Source (material) 18, 49, 50, 110, 129, 170
  • L2-NNS 18, 51
  • L2-NS 18, 50–52, 129, 170
  • L2-NSA 18, 52, 129

• Sustained speech 20, 21, 53, 56, 66, 106, 107, 108, 111, 112, 114, 153, 177

• Target language 20, 51, 53, 56, 59, 106–108, 111, 112, 114

• teacher education/professional development 9, 157, 168, 171, 172, 177, 180–182

• teacher to student or class (T↔S/C) 14, 29, 30, 100, 101

• teacher/text 17, 47, 110, 129, 170

• teacher/text/student 17, 47, 110, 112, 129

• teacher turn/s 22, 82, 108, 114, 176

• Text 17, 18, 49, 50–52, 159, 170, 173, 174
  • extended 18, 40–42, 50, 110, 170
  • minimal 18, 170

• Time 12, 14, 26, 100–104, 106, 107, 119, 127, 128, 139

• time sampling 58, 59, 105, 106, 176

• turn/s 53, 56, 66, 78, 82, 106–108

• tripartite 16, 44, 144

• Type (material) 18, 49, 110, 170

• ultraminimal 21, 22, 56, 66, 82, 106

• unpredictable 21, 56, 60–61, 63, 74, 81, 82, 106, 111, 112, 114, 177, 198

• unrestricted 24, 56, 78, 79, 82, 112, 199

• Uploading and coding 135, 138, 139

• validity 6, 7, 10, 147, 148, 159

• video-on-demand (VOD) 117–119, 121, 124, 128, 140, 168–172, 203

• visual (material) 18, 49–51

• writing 17, 48