Crawford, S. J. (ed.). 1922. The Old English version of the Heptateuch. EETS 160. London (electronic version retrieved from Dictionary of Old English Corpus on CD-ROM).
Eggers, Hans. (ed.). 1964. Der althochdeutsche Isidor. Nach der Pariser Handschrift und den Monseer Fragmenten. Tübingen: Niemeyer (electronic version retrieved from TITUS: Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien, available online at [URL]).
Miller, Thomas. (ed.). 1959–63 [1890–98]. The Old English Version of Bede’s Ecclesiastical History of the English People, 4 vols., EETS 95, 96, 110, 111. London (electronic version retrieved from Dictionary of Old English Corpus on CD-ROM).
Plummer, Charles. (ed.). 1898. Venerabilis Baedae Opera Historica. Oxford: Clarendon (electronic version retrieved from The Latin Library, available online at [URL]).
Sievers, Eduard. (ed.). 1966 [1892]. Tatian. Lateinisch und altdeutsch mit ausführlichem Glossar. Schöningh: Unveränderter Nachdruck Paderborn (electronic version retrieved from TITUS: Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien, available online at [URL]).
Skeat, Walter. (ed.). 1970 [1871–87]. The Four Gospels in Anglo-Saxon, Northumbrian, and Old Mercian Versions. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft (electronic version retrieved from Dictionary of Old English Corpus on CD-ROM).
Steinmeyer, Emil. Elias (ed.). 1963 [1916]. Die kleineren althochdeutschen Sprachdenkmäler. Berlin: Weidmann (electronic version retrieved from TITUS: Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien, available online at [URL]).
Weber, Robert. & Roger Gryson (eds.). 1994. Biblia Sacra Vulgata. Editio quinta. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft (electronic version retrieved from The Scholarly Bible Portal of the German Bible Society, available online at [URL]).
Secondary sources
Allen, Cynthia. L.1995. Case Marking and Reanalysis. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Bahnick, Karen. 1973. The Determination of Stages in the Historical Development of the Germanic Languages by Morphological Criteria. The Hague/Paris: Mouton.
Barret, Charles. Robin. 1953. Studies in the Word-order of Ælfric’s Catholic Homilies and Lives of the Saints. Cambridge: W. Heffer.
Bauer, Brigitte. 2000. Archaic Syntax in Indo-European. The Hague: Mouton.
Bauer, Laurie. 1983. English Word-Formation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bean, Marian. C.1983. The Development of Word Order Patterns in Old English. London: Croom Helm.
Bech, Kristin. 2001a. Are Old English conjunct clauses really verb-final? In Laurel J. Brinton (ed.), Selected Papers from the 14thInternational Conference on Historical Linguistics, 49–62. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Bech, Kristin. 2001b. Word Order Patterns in Old and Middle English: A Syntactic and Pragmatic Study. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Bergen.
Bech, Kristin. 2014. Old ‘truths’, new corpora: Old English conjunct clauses revisited. Paper presented at the 18th International Conference on English Historical Linguistics at Leuven (16 July 2014).
Behaghel, Otto. 1932. Deutsche Syntax. Eine geschichtliche Darstellung. Vol. 4: Wortstellung, Periodenbau. Heidelberg: Winter.
Bernhardt, Karl. A. & Graeme Davis. 1997. The Word Order of Old High German [Studies in German Language and Literature]. Lewiston/Queenston/Lampeter: Edwin Mellen Press.
Biberauer, Theresa and Ian Roberts. 2005. Changing EPP parameters in the history of English: accounting for variation and change. English Language and Linguistics 9. 5–46.
Bostock, J. Knight. 1976. A Handbook on Old High German Literature. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Bosworth, Joseph. (Thomas Northcote Tolleret al., eds.). 2010. An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary Online. Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague. (Available online at [URL])
Brown, Peter. F., Jennifer C. Lai & Robert L. Mercer. 1991. Aligning sentences in parallel corpora. In Proceedings of the Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics, 169–176. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Callaway, Morgan. Jr.1901. The Appositive Participle in Anglo-Saxon. Baltimore: John Murphy.
Calle-Martín, Javier & Antonio Miranda-García.2010. ‘Gehyrdon ge þæt gecweden wæs’ – a corpus-based approach to verb-initial constructions in Old English. Studia Neophilologica 82. 49–57.
Capek, M. J.1970. A note on formula development in Old Saxon. Modern Philology 67. 357–63.
Chomsky, Noam. 1964. Current Issues in Linguistic Theory. The Hague: Mouton.
Cichosz, Anna. 2010. The Influence of Text Type on the Word Order of Old Germanic Languages: A Corpus-Based Contrastive Study of Old English and Old High German [Studies in Medieval English Language and Literature]. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.
Cichosz, Anna. & Jerzy Gaszewski. 2014. The V-2 phenomenon in the OE Bible: the question of representativeness. Journal of English Linguistics 42 (2). 114–143.
Clackson, James. 2007. Indo-European Linguistics. An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Comrie, Bernard. & Tania Kuteva. 2013a. Relativization on obliques. In Matthew S. Dryer & Martin Haspelmath (eds.), The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. (Available online at [URL], accessed on 2015-02-05.)
Comrie, Bernard. & Tania Kuteva. 2013b. Relativization on subjects. In Matthew S. Dryer & Martin Haspelmath (eds.), The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. (Available online at [URL], accessed on 2015-02-05.)
Comrie, Bernard. & Tania Kuteva. 2013c. Relativization Strategies. In Matthew S. Dryer & Martin Haspelmath (eds.), The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. (Available online at [URL], accessed on 2015-01-23.)
Connolly, John. H.1991. Constituent Order in Functional Grammar: Synchronic and Diachronic Perspectives. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Cowie, Anthony. Paul, Ronald Mackin & I. R. McCaig. 1993. Oxford Dictionary of English Idioms. Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press.
Cowie, Anthony. Paul. 1998. Phraseology: Theory, Analysis, and Applications. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Crenshaw, John. Bascom. 2013 [1893]. The Present Participle, in Old High German and Middle High German. London: Forgotten Books.
Croft, William. 1993. Typology and Universals. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Crystal, David & Derek, Davy. 1969. Investigating English Style. London: Longman.
Callaway, Morgan Jr.1933. The Consecutive Subjunctive in Old English. Boston: Heath and Co.
Davis, Graeme. & Karl A. Bernhardt. 2002. Syntax of West Germanic: The Syntax of Old English and Old High German. Göppingen: Kümmerle.
Davis, Graeme. 2006. Comparative Syntax of Old English and Old Icelandic: Linguistic, Literary and Historical Implications. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.
Deutsch Diachron Digital. 2003. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. (Available online at [URL])
Diewald, Gabriele. 2003. Kali-Korpus. Leibniz Universität Hannover. (Available online at [URL])
Dittmer, Arne. & Ernst Dittmer. 1998. Studien zur Wortstellung: Satzgliedstellung in der althochdeutschen Tatianübersetzung. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Dixon, Robert. M. W.2010. Basic Linguistic Theory. 2 vols. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Dryer, Matthew. S.1988. Object-verb order and adjective-noun order: dispelling a myth. Lingua 74. 77–109.
Dryer, Matthew. S.2013a. Order of object and verb. In Matthew S. Dryer & Martin Haspelmath (eds.), The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. (Available online at [URL], accessed on 2015-02-27.)
Dryer, Matthew. S.2013b. Order of subject, object and verb. In Matthew S. Dryer & Martin Haspelmath, (eds.) The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. (Available online at [URL], accessed on 2015-02-27.)
Dittmer, Arne. 1991. Topologie der Spannsätze/Nebensätze (NS) der althochdeutschen Tatianübersetzung. In Elisabeth Feldbusch, Reiner Pogarell, Cornnelia Weiss (eds.), Neue Fragen der Linguistik. Akten des 25. Linguistischen Kolloquiums, Paderborn 1990. Band 1: Bestand und Entwicklung, 183–191. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer.
Dik, Simon C.1989. The Theory of Functional Grammar. Dordrecht: Foris.
Faarlund, Jan. Terje.2004. The Syntax of Old Norse. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Falluomini, Carla. 2014. The Gothic fragment from Bologna. Zeitschrift für deutsches Alterthum und deutsche Litteratur 143(3). 335–361.
Fischer, Olga., Ans van Kemenade, Willem Koopman & Wim van der Wurff. 2000. The Syntax of Early English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Fischer, Olga. 2010. An analogical approach to grammaticalization. In Katerin Stathi, Elke Gehweiler & Ekkehard König (eds.), Grammaticalization: Current Views and Issues, 181–220. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Fleischer, J.ürg, Roland Hinterhölzl & Michael Solf. 2008. Zum Quellenwert des althochdeutschen Tatian für die Syntaxforschung: Überlegungen auf der Basis von Wortstellungsphänomenen. Zeitschrift für germanistische Linguistik 36. 210–239.
Freywald, Ulrike. 2009. Kontexte für nicht-kanonische Verbzweitstellung: V2 nach dass und Verwandtes. In Veronika Ehrich, Christian Fortmann, Ingo Reich & Marga Reis (eds.), Koordination und Subordination im Deutschen, 113–134. Hamburg: Buske.
Fuss, Eric. & Carola Tripps. 2002. Variation and change in Old and Middle English: on the validity of the Double Base Hypothesis. Journal of Comparative Germanic Linguistics 4. 171–224.
Gardner, Faith. 1971. An Analysis of Syntactic Patterns of Old English. The Hague: Mouton de Gruyter.
Gippert, Jost., Javier Martínez, Agnes Korn & Roland Mittmann. 2003. Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien. Seminar für vergleichende Sprachwissenschaft de l’Université Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe de Francfort, de l'Ústav starého Predního východu de l’Université Charles de Prague, de l’Institut for Almen og Anvendt Sprogvidenskab de l’Université de Copenhague, Filología Clásica y Románica (Filología Griega) de la Universidad de Oviedo. (Available online at [URL])
Glaser, Elvira. 2000. Der bestimmte Artikel in den althochdeutschen Glossen. In Yvon Desportes (ed.), Zur Geschichte der Nominalgruppe im älteren Deutsch. Festschrift für Paul Valentin, 187–212. Heidelberg: Winter.
Graffi, Giorgio. 2011. The pioneers of linguistic typology: from Gabelentz to Greenberg. In Jae Jung Song (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Typology, 25–42. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Greenberg, Joseph. H.1963. Some universals of grammar with particular reference to the order of meaningful elements. In Joseph H. Greenberg (ed.), Universals of Human Language, 73–113. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Gering, Hugo. 1876. Die Causalsätze und ihre Partikeln bei den althochd eutschen Übersetzern des achten und neunten Jahrhunderts. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Halle-Wittenberg.
Haeberli, Eric. & Susan Pintzuk. 2012. Revisiting verb (projection) raising in Old English. In Dianne Jonas, John Whitman and Andrew Garret (eds.), Grammatical Change: Origins, Nature, Outcomes, 219–238. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Haeberli, Eric. 2007. The development of Subject-Verb Inversion in Middle English and the role of language contact. Generative Grammar in Geneva 5. 15–33.
Haeberli, Eric. 2001. Speculations on the syntax of subordinate clauses in Old English. Reading Working Papers in Linguistics 5. 201–229.
Hall, Mark., Eibe Frank, Geoffrey Holmes, Bernhard Pfahringer, Peter Reutemann & Ian H. Witten. 2009. The WEKA Data Mining Software: An Update. SIGKDD Explorations 11(1).
Haugan, Jens. 2000. Old Norse Word Order and Information Structure. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Trondheim.
Hawkins, John. A.1994. A Performance Theory of Order and Constituency. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Healey, Antonette. DiPaolo. 2004. Dictionary of Old English Corpus (DOEC). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. (Available online at [URL])
Hinterhölzl, Roland & Svetlana Petrova. 2005. Rhetorical relations and verb placement in Early Germanic Languages: evidence from the Old High German Tatian translation (9th century). In Manfred Stede, Christian Chiarcos, Michael Grabski and Luuk Lagerwerf (eds.), Salience in Discourse: Multidisciplinary Approaches to Discourse, 71–79. Münster: Stichting/Nodus.
Hogg, Richard. 2002. An Introduction to Old English. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Hopper, Paul. J.1975. The Syntax of the Simple Sentence in Proto-Germanic. The Hague/Paris: Mouton.
Hróarsdóttir, Thorbjörg. 2000. Word order change in Icelandic: From OV to VO. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Janko, Ji.ři.2001. The Typology of the Relative Clause in Old High German: A Corpus Analysis. Berkeley: University of California at Berkeley.
Kemenade, Ans. van.1987. Syntactic Case and Morphological Case in the History of English. Dordrecht: Foris.
Kida, Ireneusz. 2014. A Corpus-based Dynamic Approach to Para-hypotaxis: Implications for Diachronic Corpus Linguistic Analysis. Katowice: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego.
Kohonen, Viljo. 1978. On the Development of English Word Order in Religious Prose around 1000 and 1200 A.D. Åbo: Åbo Akademi.
Koopman, Willem. 2005. Transitional syntax: Post-verbal pronouns and particles in Old English. English Language and Linguistics 9.1. 47–62.
Kristjánsson, Jónas. 1988. Eddas and Sagas: Iceland’s Medieval Literature. Translated by Peter Foote. Reykjavik: Hið íslenska bókmenntafélag.
Kroch, Anthony. & Ann Taylor. 1997. Verb movement in Old and Middle English: dialect variation and language contact. In Ans van Kemenade and Nigel Vincent (eds.), Parameters of Morphosyntactic Change, 297–325. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lambrecht, Knud. 1994. Information Structure and Sentence Form: Topic, Focus, and the Mental Representations of Discourse Referents. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lass, Roger. 1994. Old English: A Historical Linguistic Companion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lehmann, Winfred. P. (Jonathan Slocum, ed.). 2005. A Grammar of Proto-Germanic. Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas at Austin.
Lehmann, Winfried. P.1973. A structural principle of language and its implications. Language 49. 47–66.
Li, Charles N. & Sandra A. Thompson. 1976. Subject and topic a new typology of language. In Charles N. Li (ed.), Subject and Topic, 223–66. New York: Academic Press.
Lippert, J.örg.1974. Beiträge zu Technik und Syntax althochdeutscher Übersetzungen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Isidorgruppe und des althochdeutschen Tatian. München: Wilhelm Fink.
Lockwood, William. B.1968. Historical German Syntax. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Lord, Albert. Bates.2000 [1960]. The Singer of Tales. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Los, Bettelou. 2009. The consequences of the loss of verb-second in English: information structure and syntax in interaction. English Language and Linguistics 13 (1). 97–125.
Lowrey, Brian. 2012. Grammaticalisation and the Old English modals. Quaderna. (Available online at [URL], accessed on 15–07–2014.)
Magoun, F. P.1953. Oral-Formulaic character of Anglo-Saxon narrative poetry. Speculum 28. 446–67.
Marsden, Richard. 1991. Ælfric as translator: the Old English Prose Genesis. Anglia 109. 319–358.
Marsden, Richard. 1995. The Text of the Old Testament in Anglo-Saxon England [Cambridge Studies in Anglo-Saxon England]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Marsden, Richard. 2004. The Cambridge Old English Reader. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
McEnery, Tony. & Andrew Wilson. 2001. Corpus Linguistics: An Introduction. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Mel’čuk, Igor. 2001. Collocations and lexical functions. In Anthony Paul Cowie (ed.), Phraseology: Theory, Analysis, and Applications, 23–54. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Miller, Thomas. (transl.). 1999. The Old English Version of Bede’s Ecclesiastical History of the English People. Cambridge/Ontario: In Parentheses Publications (Old English Series). (Available at [URL], accessed on 20–12. (2014.)
Mitchell, Bruce. 1985. Old English Syntax. Oxford: Clarandon Press.
Näf, Anton. 1979. Die Wortstellung in Notkers Consolatio. Untersuchungen zur Syntax und Übersetzungstechnik. Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter.
Ohkado, Masayuki. 2004. On the structure and function of V1 constructions in Old English. English Studies 85. 2–16
Ohkado, Masayuki. 2005. Clause structure in Old English. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Amsterdam.
Page, Denys Lionel. 1976. History and the Homeric Iliad. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Parry, Milman. 1930. Studies in the epic technique of oral verse-making. Homer and Homeric style. Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 41. 73–147.
Payne, Doris. L.1992. Introduction. In Doris L. Payne (ed.), Pragmatics of Word Order Flexibility, 1–14. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Penzl, Herbert. 1986. Althochdeutsch. Bern/Frankfurt am Main/New York: Peter Lang.
Petersen, William. Lawrence.1994. Tatian’s Diatessaron: Its Creation, Dissemination, Significance and History in Scholarship. Leiden: Brill.
Petrova, Svetlana. & Michael Solf. 2009. On the methods of information-structural analysis in historical texts: a case study on Old High German. In Roland Hinterhőlzl and Svetlana Petrova (eds.), Information Structure and Language Change, 121–160. The Hague: Mouton.
Petrova, Svetlana. & Roland Hinterhölzl. 2010. Evidence for two types of focus positions in Old High German. In Gisella Ferraresi and Rosemarie Lühr (eds.), DiachronicStudies on Information Structure, 189–217. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.
Petrova, Svetlana. 2006. A discourse-based approach to verb placement in early West-Germanic. In S. Ishihara, M. Schmitz and A. Schwarz (eds.), Working Papers of the SFB632, Interdisciplinary studies on information structure (ISIS) 5, 153–182. Potsdam: Universitätsverlag Potsdam.
Petrova, Svetlana. 2009. Information structure and word order variation in the Old High German Tatian. In Roland Hinterhőlzl & Svetlana Petrova (eds.), Information Structure and Language Change, 251–280. The Hague: Mouton.
Petrova, Svetlana. 2014. The impact of focusing and defocusing on word order: changes at the periphery in Old English and Old High German. In Terttu Nevalainen & Elizabeth Closs Traugott (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of the History of English, 846–858. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Pintzuk, Susan. & Leendert Plug. 2002. The York-Helsinki Parsed Corpus of Old English Poetry. Department of Linguistics, University of York. Oxford Text Archive. (Available online at [URL])
Pintzuk, Susan. 1999. Phrase Structures in Competition: Variation and Change in Old English Word Order. New York: Garland.
Pintzuk, Susan. 1996. Old English Verb-Complement word order and the change from OV to VO. York Papers in Linguistics 17. 241–264.
Pol, Nikki. van de.2012. Between copy and cognate: The origin of absolutes in Old and Middle English. In Lars Johanson & Martine Robbeets (eds.), Copies Versus Cognates in Bound Morphology, 297–322. Leiden: Brill.
Preacher, Kristopher. J.2001. Calculation for the Chi-square Test: An Interactive Calculation Tool for Chi-square Tests of Goodness of Fit and Independence [Computer software]. (Available online at [URL])
Petrova, Svetlana. 2012. The impact of focusing and defocusing on word order: Changes at the periphery in Old English and Old High German. In Terttu Nevalainen & Elizabeth Closs Traugott (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of the History of English, 846–858. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Quinlan, John. Ross. 1993. C4. 5: Programs for Machine Learning. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann.
Quirk, Randolph. & C.L. Wrenn. 1955. An Old English Grammar. London/New York: Methuen.
Ramat, Paolo. 2011. The (early) history of linguistic typology. In Jae Jung Song (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Typology, 9–24. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Reszkiewicz, Alfred. 1966. Ordering of Elements in Late Old English Prose in Terms of Their Size and Structural Complexity. Wrocław/Warszawa/Kraków: Wydawnictwo PAN.
Ringe, Don. & Ann Taylor. 2014. The Development of Old English. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Rissanen, Matti., Merja Kytö, Leena Kahlas-Tarkka, Matti Kilpiö, Saara Nevanlinna, Irma Taavitsainen, Terttu Nevalainen & Helena Raumolin-Brunberg. 1991. The Helsinki Corpus of English Texts. Department of Modern Languages, University of Helsinki.
Roberts, Ian. 1997. Directionality and word order change in the history of English. In Ans van Kemenade & Nigel Vincent (eds.), Parameters of Morphosyntactic Change, 397–426. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Robinson, Orrin. W.1992. Old English and Its Closest Relatives. London: Routledge.
Robinson, Orrin. W.1997. Clause Subordination and Verb Placement in the Old High German Isidor Translation. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag C. Winter.
Rowley, Sharon. M.2011. The Old English version of Bede’s Historia Ecclesiastica. Cambridge: Brewer.
Ruppel, Antonia. 2013. Absolute Constructions in Early Indo-European. Cambridge: Cambridge Classical Studies.
Salmons, Joseph. 2012. A History of German: What the Past Reveals about Today’s Language. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Schallert, Oliver. 2007. Die Stellung von Verben und Objekten in der rechten Peripherie: OV- und VO-Strukturen im Althochdeutschen. Moderne Sprachen 51. 17–107.
Scheler, Manfred. 1961. Altenglische Lehnsyntax. Die syntaktischen Latinismen in Altenglischen. Berlin: Ernst-Reuter.
Schlachter, Ewa. 2009. Word order variation and information structure in Old High German: an analysis of subordinatedhaz-clauses in Isidor. In Roland Hinterhőlzl & Svetlana Petrova (eds.), Information Structure and Language Change, 223–250. The Hague: Mouton.
Segura, Laura. Esteban and Nadia Obegi Gallardo. 2007. Absolute constructions in Old English Gospels: a case-study. Selim Journal 14. 87–105.
Shay, Scott. 2008. The History of English: A Linguistic Introduction. San Francisco/Washington: Wardja.
Sievers, Eduard. 1892. Tatian. Lateinisch und altdeutsch mit ausführlichem Glossar. Paderborn: Schöningh.
Sinclair, John. 1991. Corpus, Concordance, Collocation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Skandera, Paul. (ed.). 2007. Phraseology and Culture in English. [Topics in English Linguistics 54]. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
Smith, Jesse. 1971. Word Order in the Older Germanic Dialects. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Illinois.
Song, Jae. Jung.2011. Word order typology In Jae Jung Song (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Typology, 253–279. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Stallings, Lynne. M. & Maryellen C. MacDonald. 2011. It’s not just the ‘Heavy NP’: Relative Phrase Length Modulates the Production of Heavy-NP Shift. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 40 (3). 177–187.
Stanton, Robert. 2002. The Culture of Translation in Anglo-Saxon England. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.
St-Jacques, Raymon C.1983. Hwilum word be worde, hwilum andgit of andgiete? Bede’s Ecclesiastical History and its Old English translator. Florilegium 5. 85–104.
Stockwell, Robert. P. & Donka Minkova. 1987. Verb Phrase Conjunction in Old English. In Henning Andersen (ed.), Selected Papers from the 8th International Conference on Historical Linguistics, 499–516. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Stockwell, Robert. P. & Donka Minkova. 1991. Subordination and Word Order Change in the History of English. In Dieter Kastovsky (ed.), Historical English Syntax, 367–408. Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
Taylor, Ann. & Susan Pintzuk. 2014. Testing the theory: information structure in Old English. In Kristin Bech and Kristine Gunn Eide (eds.), Information Structure and Syntactic Change in Germanic and Romance Languages, 53–80. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: Benjamins.
Taylor, Ann., Anthony Warner, Susan Pintzuk & Frank Beths. 2003. The York-Toronto-Helsinki Parsed Corpus of Old English Prose (YCOE). Department of Linguistics, University of York. Oxford Text Archive. (Available online at [URL])
Taylor, Ann.2008. Contact effects of translation: distinguishing two kinds of influence in Old English. Language Variation and Change 20 (3). 341–365.
Tiedemann, J.örg.2004. Word to word alignment strategies. Proceedings of the 20th international Conference on Computational Linguistics. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Timofeeva, Olga. 2010. Non-finite Constructions in Old English. With Special Reference to Syntactic Borrowing from Latin. Jyväskylä: WS Bookwell.
Tomaselli, Alessandra. 1991. Cases of V-3 in Old High German. Groninger Arbeiten zur Germanistischen Linguistik 33. 93–127.
Traugott, Elizabeth. 1972. A History of English Syntax. New York/Chicago/San Francisco/Atlanta/ Dallas/Montreal/Toronto/London/Sydney: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Traugott, Elizabeth. 1992. Syntax. In Richard M. Hogg (ed.), The Cambridge History of the English Language, vol. 1: The Beginnings to 1066, 168–289. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Vennemann, Theo. 1974. Analogy in generative grammar, the origin of word order. In Luigi Heilmann (ed.), Proceedings of the Eleventh International Congress of Linguists, 79–83. Bologna: Il Mulino.
Venuti, Lawrence. 2000. Foundational statements. In Lawrence Venuti (ed.), The Translation Studies Reader, 11–20. New York/London: Routledge.
Wal, Marijke. J. van der & Aad Quak. 1994. Old and Middle Continental West Germanic. In Ekkehard Kőnig & Johan van der Auwera (eds.), The Germanic Languages, 72–109. London: Routledge.
Walkden, George. 2013. The status of hwæt in Old English. English Language and Linguistics 17. 465–488.
Walkden, George. 2014. Syntactic Reconstruction and Proto-Germanic. Oxford: Oxford University Press.