You Know

• Preface | p. v
• 0. Aim | p. 1
• 1. Introduction | p. 3
• 1.1. Pragmatics
• 1.2. Face-Saving and Politeness
• 1.3. Implicit Anchorage
• 1.4. Cooperation and Grammar
• 1.5. Planning and Indirectness
• 1.6. Semantics and Pragmatics
• 2. The Present Study | p. 13
• 2.1. Issues to be Covered
• 2.2. Methodology
• 2.3. Data
• 3. The Meaning and Functions of You know | p. 15
• 3.1. Preamble
• 3.2. The General Meaning of You know
• 3.3. You know and Stylistic Strategies
• 3.4. Sub-Functions of You know: “as you know” & “don't you know”
• 3.5. You know as a Turn-Switching Marker
• 3.6. Pauses and You know
• 3.7. You know and Some Other Pragmatic Particles
• 3.8. On the Linguistic Representation of Pragmatic Expressions: The Level Analysis
• 3.9. The Particle Contour
• 3.10. Other Languages
• 4. The Acquisition of You know | p. 45
• 4.1. Pragmatic Expressions and Child Language Acquisition
• 4.2. Egocentricity vs. Sociocentricity
• 4.3. The Segment Know in Early Child Language Acquisition
• 4.4. Speaker-Oriented Know
• 4.5. Listener-Oriented Know
• 4.6. The Acquisition of You know: Summary
• 4.7. On the Acquisition of Some Other Pragmatic Particles
• 4.8. Child Acquisition and Level Analysis
• 5. Socio-Psychological Aspects of You know: Male and Female Usage | p. 67
• 5.1. General Remarks
• 5.2. Social Dialects and You know
• 5.3. Women's Language
• 5.4. Sex Differences in the Use of You know
• 6. Concluding Remark | p. 79
• Notes | p. 81

Cited by 102 other publications

No author info given

2017. . In Involvement and Attitude in Japanese Discourse [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 272],

No author info given

2019. . In A Humanizing Literary Pragmatics [FILLM Studies in Languages and Literatures, 10],

No author info given

2022. . In Discourse Structuring Markers in English [Constructional Approaches to Language, 33],

Aarsand, Pål

2011. Parenting and Digital Games. Journal of Children and Media 5:3 ► pp. 318 ff.

Aijmer, Karin & Anne-Marie Simon-Vandenbergen

2009. Pragmatic markers. In Handbook of Pragmatics, ► pp. 1 ff.

Algouzi, Sami & Krisda Chaemsaithong

2021. Functions of the discourse marker So in the LINDSEI-AR corpus. Cogent Arts & Humanities 8:1

ALTIPARMAK, Ayşe

2021. “GİBİ” SÖYLEM BELİRLEYİCİSİNİN TÜRKÇE KONUŞMA DİLİNDEKİ İŞLEVSEL KULLANIMLARI. Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat ve Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi

Altıparmak, Ayşe

2022. An Analysis of Turkish Interactional Discourse Markers ‘ŞEY’, ‘YANİ’, And ‘İŞTE’. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 51:4 ► pp. 729 ff.

Casteele, An Vande & Kim Collewaert

2013. The Use of Discourse Markers in Spanish Language Learners’ Written Compositions. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 95 ► pp. 550 ff.

Chang, Miao-Hsia & Shu-Kai Hsieh

2017. A corpus-based study of the recurrent lexical bundle ka li kong ‘let (me) tell you’ in Taiwanese Southern Min conversations. Chinese Language and Discourse. An International and Interdisciplinary Journal 8:2 ► pp. 174 ff.

Chodorowska-Pilch, Marianna

2022. On the polite use of vamos in Peninsular Spanish. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) ► pp. 343 ff.

Clayman, Steven E. & Chase Wesley Raymond

2021. An Adjunct to Repair: You Know in Speech Production and Understanding Difficulties. Research on Language and Social Interaction 54:1 ► pp. 80 ff.

Darics, Erika

2020. E-Leadership or “How to Be Boss in Instant Messaging?” The Role of Nonverbal Communication. International Journal of Business Communication 57:1 ► pp. 3 ff.

Deppermann, Arnulf & Silke Reineke

2020. Practices of indexing discrepant assumptions with German ich dachte (‘I thought’) in talk-in-interaction. Functions of Language 27:2 ► pp. 113 ff.

Diskin‐Holdaway, Chloé

2021.  You know and like among migrants in Ireland and Australia . World Englishes

Dubois, Betty Lou

1989. Pseudoquotation in current English communication: “Hey, she didn't really say it”. Language in Society 18:3 ► pp. 343 ff.

Eide, Kristin Melum & Arnstein Hjelde

2015. Borrowing Modal Elements into American Norwegian. In Germanic Heritage Languages in North America [Studies in Language Variation, 18], ► pp. 256 ff.

Erman, Britt

1992. Female and male usage of pragmatic expressions in same-sex and mixed-sex interaction. Language Variation and Change 4:2 ► pp. 217 ff.

Eskildsen, Søren W. & Numa Markee

2018. Chapter 4. L2 talk as social accomplishment. In Speaking in a Second Language [AILA Applied Linguistics Series, 17], ► pp. 69 ff.

Foolen, Ad

1997. Pragmatic particles. In Handbook of Pragmatics, ► pp. 1 ff.

Fox Tree, Jean E.

2010. Discourse Markers across Speakers and Settings. Language and Linguistics Compass 4:5 ► pp. 269 ff.

Fu, Yanli & Victor Ho

2022. Discourse markers in TV interviews: A corpus-based comparative study of Chinese and the western media. Frontiers in Psychology 13

Fuller, Janet M.

2001. The principle of pragmatic detachability in borrowing: English-origin discourse markers in Pennsylvania German. Linguistics 39:2

Fuller, Janet M.

2003. Discourse marker use across speech contexts: A comparison of native and non-native speaker performance. Multilingua - Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication 22:2 ► pp. 185 ff.

Furrow, David & Chris Moore

1990. Gender differences in differentiating terms expressing certainty. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 19:6 ► pp. 375 ff.

Gao, Yanmei & Guoyan Lyu

2020. Marked themes in spoken Chinese: a discourse semantics perspective. Journal of World Languages 6:1-2 ► pp. 46 ff.

Geka, Vassiliki, Sophia Marmaridou & Kiki Nikiforidou

2020. Dialogic constructions and discourse units:. Review of Cognitive Linguistics 18:2 ► pp. 480 ff.

Hansen, Nat, J.D. Porter & Kathryn Francis

2021. A Corpus Study of “Know”: On The Verification of Philosophers’ Frequency Claims about Language. Episteme 18:2 ► pp. 242 ff.

Heine, Bernd & Tania Kuteva

2005. . In Language Contact and Grammatical Change,

Helasvuo, Marja-Liisa

2003. Emergent grammar. In Handbook of Pragmatics, ► pp. 1 ff.

Helasvuo, Marja-Liisa

2015. Searching for motivations for grammatical patternings. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) ► pp. 453 ff.

Helasvuo, Marja-Liisa

2022. Emergent grammar. In Handbook of Pragmatics [Handbook of Pragmatics, ], ► pp. 502 ff.

Hiss, Florian

2015. Engagement in Sámi language revitalization. Pragmatics and Society 6:1 ► pp. 22 ff.

Holmes, Janet

1986. Functions of you know in women's and men's speech. Language in Society 15:1 ► pp. 1 ff.

Holmes, Janet

1988. Of course:A pragmatic particle in New Zealand women's and men's speech∗. Australian Journal of Linguistics 8:1 ► pp. 49 ff.

Holmes, Janet

1988. SORT OFIN NEW ZEALAND WOMEN'S AND MEN'S SPEECH. Studia Linguistica 42:2 ► pp. 85 ff.

Holmes, Janet

1991. Language and gender. Language Teaching 24:4 ► pp. 207 ff.

Hosoda, Yuri & David Aline

2022. Deployment of I don’t know and wakannai in second language classroom peer discussions. Text & Talk 42:1 ► pp. 27 ff.

House, Juliane

2014. English as a global lingua franca: A threat to multilingual communication and translation?. Language Teaching 47:3 ► pp. 363 ff.

HOUSE, Juliane

2018. The Impact of English as a Global Lingua Franca on Intercultural Communication. In Intercultural Communication in Asia: Education, Language and Values [Multilingual Education, 24], ► pp. 97 ff.

Hudson, Mutsuko Endo

2018. Chapter 8. Ne as an “impoliteness” (“detachment”) marker?. In Pragmatics of Japanese [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 285], ► pp. 197 ff.

ITUARTE, AITOR LIZARDI

2022. Clause type vs speech act: Knowledge confirmation questions in Basque. Journal of Linguistics ► pp. 1 ff.

Iza Erviti, Aneider

2021. From Discourse Markers to Construction Grammar(s) in Discourse. In Discourse Constructions in English [Yearbook of Corpus Linguistics and Pragmatics, ], ► pp. 7 ff.

Jiang, Zhanhao & Yuan Tao

2017. Translation Universals of Discourse Markers in Russian-to-Chinese Academic Texts: A Corpus-based Approach. Zeitschrift für Slawistik 62:4 ► pp. 583 ff.

Khandaghi Khameneh, Ashraf & Laleh Fakhraee Faruji

2020. The Effect of Teaching Discourse Markers (DMs) on Speaking Achievement among Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners. International Journal of Research in English Education 5:4 ► pp. 1 ff.

Kidwell, Mardi & Esther González Martínez

2010. ‘Let me tell you about myself ’: A method for suppressing subject talk in a ‘soft accusation’ interrogation. Discourse Studies 12:1 ► pp. 65 ff.

Kim, Hye Ri Stephanie

2013. Retroactive Indexing of Relevance: The Use ofWellin Third Position. Research on Language & Social Interaction 46:2 ► pp. 125 ff.

Kloetzl, Svitlana

2013. ENGLISH WITH THE “MARRIED” NAME: THE CASE OF LINGUISTIC HYBRIDITY IN ELF COUPLE TALK. Discourse and Interaction 6:2 ► pp. 29 ff.

Kot, Aneta

2015. It’s Small Words that Make a Big Difference. In Issues in Teaching, Learning and Testing Speaking in a Second Language [Second Language Learning and Teaching, ], ► pp. 45 ff.

Laury, Ritva, Marja-Liisa Helasvuo & Janica Rauma

2020. Chapter 6. When an expression becomes fixed. In Fixed Expressions [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 315], ► pp. 133 ff.

Lee-Wong, Song Mei

2022. Face support – Chinese particles as mitigators. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) ► pp. 387 ff.

Lenk, Uta

1999. Discourse markers. In Handbook of Pragmatics, ► pp. 1 ff.

Li, Chengtuan

2022. A study of linguistic manipulations of activating, seeking and creating common ground in intercultural business communication. Pragmatics and Society 13:2 ► pp. 169 ff.

Lin, Yen-Liang

2013. Discourse Functions of Recurrent Multi-word Sequences in Online and Spoken Intercultural Communication. In Yearbook of Corpus Linguistics and Pragmatics 2013 [Yearbook of Corpus Linguistics and Pragmatics, 1], ► pp. 105 ff.

Lin, Yen-Liang

2022. Discourse marking in spoken intercultural communication between British and Taiwanese adolescent learners. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) ► pp. 221 ff.

Lindström, Jan

2022. Interactional linguistics. In Handbook of Pragmatics [Handbook of Pragmatics, ], ► pp. 795 ff.

Lindström, Jan K.

2006. Interactional linguistics. In Handbook of Pragmatics, ► pp. 1 ff.

Macaulay, Ronald

2002. You know, it depends. Journal of Pragmatics 34:6 ► pp. 749 ff.

Magnifico, Cédric & Bart Defrancq

2017. Hedges in conference interpreting. Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 19:1 ► pp. 21 ff.

Marra, Meredith & Janet Holmes

2016. Indirect Reports and Workplace Norms. In Indirect Reports and Pragmatics [Perspectives in Pragmatics, Philosophy & Psychology, 5], ► pp. 151 ff.

Maschler, Yael

1994. Metalanguaging and discourse markers in bilingual conversation. Language in Society 23:3 ► pp. 325 ff.

Maschler, Yael

2002. The Role of Discourse Markers in the Construction of Multivocality in Israeli Hebrew Talk in Interaction. Research on Language & Social Interaction 35:1 ► pp. 1 ff.

Maschler, Yael & Deborah Schiffrin

2015. Discourse MarkersLanguage, Meaning, and Context. In The Handbook of Discourse Analysis, ► pp. 189 ff.

Mauranen, Anna

2006. Spoken Discourse, Academics and Global English: a Corpus Perspective. In Spoken English, Tesol and Applied Linguistics, ► pp. 143 ff.

Meyerhoff, Miriam

1994. Sounds pretty ethnic, eh?: A pragmatic particle in New Zealand English. Language in Society 23:3 ► pp. 367 ff.

Mohr, Susanne

2021. You know and I think in English(es) in Zanzibar. World Englishes

Mulder, Jean, Cara Penry Williams & Erin Moore

2019.  Sort of in Australian English. Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 29:1 ► pp. 9 ff.

Nikula, Tarja

2022. Teacher talk reflecting pragmatic awareness. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) ► pp. 447 ff.

Ono, Tsuyoshi & Sandra A. Thompson

1996. Interaction and Syntax in the Structure of Conversational Discourse: Collaboration, Overlap, and Syntactic Dissociation. In Computational and Conversational Discourse [NATO ASI Series, 151], ► pp. 67 ff.

Palma-Fahey, María

2015. “Yeah well, probably, you know I wasn’t that big into school, you know”. In Pragmatic Markers in Irish English [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 258], ► pp. 348 ff.

Park, Jung‐ran

2007. Evolution of concept networks and implications for knowledge representation. Journal of Documentation 63:6 ► pp. 963 ff.

Parvaresh, Vahid & Grace Zhang

2019. ‘Sort of’ across languages of the Asia and Oceania regions. Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 29:1 ► pp. 2 ff.

PEKAREK DOEHLER, SIMONA & SØREN W. ESKILDSEN

2022. Emergent L2 Grammars in and for Social Interaction: Introduction to the Special Issue. The Modern Language Journal 106:S1 ► pp. 3 ff.

Pettersson-Traba, Daniela

2018. Revisiting you know and I mean: some notes on the functions of the two pragmatic markers in contemporary spoken American English. Research in Corpus Linguistics ► pp. 67 ff.

Pietrandrea, Paola, Sylvain Kahane, Anne Lacheret-Dujour & Frédéric Sabio

2014. The notion of sentence and other discourse units in corpus annotation. In Spoken Corpora and Linguistic Studies [Studies in Corpus Linguistics, 61], ► pp. 331 ff.

Pęzik, Piotr

2015. Using n-gram independence to identify discourse-functional lexical units in spoken learner corpus data. International Journal of Learner Corpus Research 1:2 ► pp. 242 ff.

Ranger, Graham

2018. Introduction. In Discourse Markers, ► pp. 1 ff.

Rendle-Short, Johanna

2022. Showing structure. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) ► pp. 479 ff.

Riaz, Ammara, Moazzam Ali Malik & Nazia Anwar

2021. A Comparative Functional Analysis of Discourse Markers in the Native and the Non-Native English Newspaper Business Corpus. Journal of Peace, Development & Communication volume 05:issue 2 ► pp. 325 ff.

Roth-Gordon, Jennifer

2007. Youth, slang, and pragmatic expressions: Examples from Brazilian Portuguese. Journal of Sociolinguistics 11:3 ► pp. 322 ff.

Sabet, Peyman G. P.

2019. On the functions of sort of in New Zealand TV programs. Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 29:1 ► pp. 33 ff.

Said-Mohand, Aixa

2008. Aproximación sociolingüística al uso de entonces en el habla de jóvenes bilingües estadounidenses. Sociolinguistic Studies 2:1 ► pp. 97 ff.

Sakita, Tomoko I.

2017. Stance management in oral narrative. Functions of Language 24:1 ► pp. 65 ff.

Schiffrin, Deborah

2005. Discourse Markers: Language, Meaning, and Context. In The Handbook of Discourse Analysis, ► pp. 54 ff.

SCHLEEF, ERIK

2008. Gender and academic discourse: Global restrictions and local possibilities. Language in Society 37:4 ► pp. 515 ff.

Soltic, Jorie

2015. Parenthetical “I say (you)” in Late Medieval Greek vernacular. Journal of Historical Pragmatics 16:2 ► pp. 187 ff.

Szczyrbak, Magdalena

2014. Pragmatic Aspects of Comment Clauses in Courtroom Interaction. In Language Use and Linguistic Structure, ► pp. 255 ff.

Thøgersen, Jacob

2013. Stylistic and Pedagogical Consequences of University Teaching in English in Europe. In Language Alternation, Language Choice and Language Encounter in International Tertiary Education [Multilingual Education, 5], ► pp. 181 ff.

Traugott, Elizabeth Closs & Richard B. Dasher

2001. . In Regularity in Semantic Change,

Tree, Jean E. Fox

2006. Placing like in telling stories. Discourse Studies 8:6 ► pp. 723 ff.

Tsai, Pei-Shu & Wo-Hsin Chu

2015. The Use of Discourse Markers among Mandarin Chinese Teachers, and Chinese as a Second Language and Chinese as a Foreign Language Learners. Applied Linguistics ► pp. amv057 ff.

Vine, Bernadette

2016. Pragmatic Markers at Work in New Zealand. In Talking at Work, ► pp. 1 ff.

Wang, Ying

2017. Lexical bundles in spoken academic ELF. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 22:2 ► pp. 187 ff.

Wee, Lionel

2003. The birth of a particle: know in Colloquial Singapore English. World Englishes 22:1 ► pp. 5 ff.

Wilson, John & Heather Walker

2015. Pragmatic markers as implicit emotive anchoring. In Pragmatic Markers in Irish English [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 258], ► pp. 248 ff.

Yliniemi, Juha

2021. Similarity of mirative and contrastive focus: three parameters for describing attention markers. Linguistic Typology 0:0

Zhang, Grace

2019. The pragmatic use of ‘sort of’ in TV forums. Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 29:1 ► pp. 62 ff.

Zheng, Qun

2015. Revisiting You Know Using the BNCweb Query System: a Sociopragmatic Analysis. In Researching Sociopragmatic Variability, ► pp. 94 ff.

Östman, Jan-Ola & Tuija Virtanen

1995. Discourse analysis. In Handbook of Pragmatics, ► pp. 239 ff.

Östman, Jan-Ola & Tuija Virtanen

2012. Text and discourse linguistics. In Handbook of Pragmatics, ► pp. 1 ff.

Östman, Jan-Ola & Tuija Virtanen

2022. Text and discourse linguistics. In Handbook of Pragmatics [Handbook of Pragmatics, ], ► pp. 1376 ff.

Šinkūnienė, Jolanta

2021. Chapter 8. Žinai ‘you know’ in Lithuanian discourse. In Pragmatic Markers and Peripheries [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 325], ► pp. 229 ff.

This list is based on CrossRef data as of 08 january 2023. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.