Exploring verbal aggression in English historical texts using USAS
The possibilities, the problems and potential solutions
This article investigates the ways in which we might use the UCREL Semantic Annotation System (USAS) to explore pragmatic phenomena relating to verbal aggression within Old Bailey trial texts dating from the late eighteenth century. Specifically, I demonstrate how this automated system can be used to identify potential leads into what I have called an aggression space, by way of the words, phrases and multi-word units captured by six USAS semantic-field tags: speech acts (Q2.2), im/politeness (S1.2.4+/-), (lack of) respect (S7.2+/-) and violence/anger (E3-). As these semtags, as they are known, have been designed with modern data in mind, I also discuss the problems which arise when using the tool to explore historical courtroom proceedings, and outline some potential solutions to these problems.
References
Archer, Dawn
2008 “Verbal Aggression and Impoliteness: Related or Synonymous?” In
Impoliteness in Language: Studies on Its Interplay with Power in Theory and Practice
, ed. by
Derek Bousfield, and
Miriam A. Locher, 181–207. Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter.

Archer, Dawn
2011 “Cross-examining Lawyers, Facework and the Adversarial Courtroom.”
Journal of Pragmatics
43 (13): 3216–3230 DOI:


Archer, Dawn, Jonathan Culpeper, and Matthew Davies
2008 “Pragmatic Annotation.” In
Corpus Linguistics: An International Handbook
, ed. by
Anke Lüdeling, and
Merja Kytö, 613–642. Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter.

Conley, John M., and William M. O’Barr
2005
Just Words: Law, Language, and Power
. 2nd ed. Chicago/London: The University of Chicago Press.

Crystal, David
1995
The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language
. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Culpeper, Jonathan
1996 “Towards an Anatomy of Impoliteness.”
Journal of Pragmatics
25 (3): 349–367.


Culpeper, Jonathan
1998 “(Im)politeness in Dramatic Dialogue.” In
Exploring the Language of Drama: From Text to Context
, ed. by
Jonathan Culpeper,
Mick Short, and
Peter Verdonk, 83–95. London: Routledge.

Culpeper, Jonathan
2005 “Impoliteness and Entertainment in the Television Quiz Show: The Weakest Link.”
Journal of Politeness Research: Language, Behavior, Culture
1 (1): 35–72.


Culpeper, Jonathan
2008 “Reflections on Impoliteness, Relational Work and Power.” In
Impoliteness in Language: Studies on Its Interplay with Power in Theory and Practice
, ed. by
Derek Bousfield, and
Miriam A. Locher, 17–44. Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter.

Culpeper, Jonathan
2011
Impoliteness: Using Language to Cause Offence
. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.


Garside, Roger
1987 “The CLAWS Word-tagging System.” In
The Computational Analysis of English
, ed. by
Roger Garside,
Geoffrey Leech, and
Geoffrey Sampson, 30–41. London: Longman.

Goffman, Erving
1967
Interaction Ritual: Essays on Face-to-Face Behavior
. New York: Pantheon Books.

Grice, H.P
1975 “Logic and Conversation.” In
Syntax and Semantics, vol. 3: Speech Acts
, ed. by
Peter Cole, and
Jerry L. Morgan, 41–58. New York: Academic Press.

Hostettler, John
2006
Fighting for Justice: The History and Origins of Adversary Trial
. Winchester: Waterside Press.

Jucker, Andreas H., and Irma Taavitsainen
Matoesian, Gregory M
1995 “Language, Law, and Society: Policy Implications of the Kennedy Smith Rape Trial.”
Law & Society Review
29 (4): 669–701.


Mills, Sara
2003
Gender and Politeness
. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.


OED
=
Oxford English Dictionary
, 3rd edition in progress
1989– Oxford University Press. Online:
[URL]
.
Old Bailey Proceedings Online, 1674–1913
version 6.0, 21 June 2011). Compiled by
Tim Hitchcock,
Robert Shoemaker,
Clive Emsley,
Sharon Howard, and
Jamie McLaughlin et al., Online:
[URL]
.
Pearson, Christine M., Lynne M. Andersson, and Judith W. Wegner
2001 “When Workers Flout Convention: A Study of Workplace Incivility.”
Human Relations
54 (11): 1387–1419.


Rayson, Paul
2009 “Wmatrix: A Web-based Corpus Processing Environment.” Computing Department, Lancaster University. Online:
[URL]
.
Cited by
Cited by 8 other publications
Archer, Dawn
2017.
(Im)politeness in Legal Settings. In
The Palgrave Handbook of Linguistic (Im)politeness,
► pp. 713 ff.

Archer, Dawn & Cliff Lansley
2015.
Public appeals, news interviews and crocodile tears: an argument for multi-channel analysis.
Corpora 10:2
► pp. 231 ff.

Archer, Dawn & Bethan Malory
Landone, Elena
2022.
Corpus Analysis. In
Methodology in Politeness Research [
Advances in (Im)politeness Studies, ],
► pp. 217 ff.

Taylor, Charlotte
Włodarczyk, Matylda
[no author supplied]
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 11 march 2023. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.