Part of
Emotion in Multilingual InteractionEdited by Matthew T. Prior and Gabriele Kasper
[Pragmatics & Beyond New Series 266] 2016
► pp. 131–152
Edited by Matthew T. Prior and Gabriele Kasper
[Pragmatics & Beyond New Series 266] 2016
► pp. 131–152
Emotional stances and interactional competence
Learning to calibrate disagreements, objections, and refusals
This chapter describes a 7-year-old child’s development of interactional competence in Swedish as a second language over a course of 1,5 years. The study documents L2 novices’ methods employed for doing disagreements and refusals by tracking lexico-grammatical and embodied features and the emotional stances displayed thereby. It is argued that emotional stances constitute a significant feature of disagreeing responses by indexing the interlocutors’ emotionally valorized evaluation and alignment towards a specific focus of concern (Dubois 2007). The study combines a CA microanalytic approach with ethnographic analyses of socialization within a classroom community, contributing to a broader understanding of interactional competence as comprising both language-mediated, and embodied affective stances, assembled, configured and deployed to accomplish social actions in interaction.
Keywords: child development, dispreference, emotion, noncompliance, primary school, socialization
References
Achiba, Machiko
2002 Learning to Request in a Second Language: Child Interlanguage Pragmatics. Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters.
Buttny, Richard
1993 Social Accountability in Communication. London: SAGE.
Cekaite, Asta
2007 A Child™s Development of Interactional Competence in a Swedish L2 Classroom. The Modern Language Journal 91: 45–62. 
2009 “Soliciting Teacher Attention in an L2 Classroom: Embodied Actions and Affective Displays.” Applied Linguistics 30: 26–48.
2012 “Affective Stances in Teacher-Novice Student Interactions: Language, Embodiment, and Willingness to Learn.” Language in Society 41: 641–670.
2013 “Socializing Emotionally and Morally Appropriate Peer Group Conduct through Classroom Discourse.” Linguistics and Education 24: 511–522.
Darwin, Charles
1998 [1872] The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Dewaele, Jean-Marc, and Aneta Pavlenko
2002 “Emotion Vocabulary in Interlanguage.” Language Learning 52: 263–322.
Du Bois, John
2007 “The Stance Triangle.” In Stancetaking in Discourse: Subjectivity, Evaluation, Interaction, ed. by Robert Englebretson, 139–182. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Edwards, Derek
1999 “Emotion Discourse.” Culture and Psychology 5: 271–291.
Elert, Claes-Christian
1964 Phonologic Studies of Quantity in Swedish. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell.
Ellis, Rod
1992 “Learning to Communicate in a Classroom: A Study of Two Learners’ Requests.” Studies in Second Language Acquisition 14: 1–23.
Ervin-Tripp, Susan
1976 “ ‘Is Sybil There?’ The Structure of Some American English Directives.” Language in Society 5: 25–67.
Goffman, Erving
1964 “The Neglected Situation.” American Anthropologist 66: 133–136.
1967 Interaction Ritual: Essays in Face-to-Face Behaviour. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
1971 Relations in Public. New York: Basic Books Inc.
1981 Forms of Talk. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Goodwin, Charles
2000 “Action and Embodiment within Situated Human Interaction.” Journal of Pragmatics 32: 1489–1522.
2007 “Participation, Stance and Affect in the Organization of Activities.” Discourse in Society 18: 53–73.
Goodwin, Marjorie Harness
1990 He-Said-She-Said: Talk as Social Organization among Black Children. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
2006a “Participation, Affect, and Trajectory in Family Directive/Response Sequences.” Text & Talk 26: 515–544.
2006b The Hidden Life of Girls: Games of Stance, Status, and Exclusion. Oxford: Blackwell.
Goodwin, Marjorie Harness, Asta Cekaite, and Charles Goodwin
2012 “Emotion as Stance.” In Emotion in Interaction, ed. by Anssi Peräkylä, and Marja-Lena Sorjonen, 16–41. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Goodwin, Marjorie Harness, and Charles Goodwin
2000 “Emotion within Situated Activity.” In Communication: An Arena of Development, ed. by Nancy Budvig, Ina C. Uzgiris, and Jim Wertsch, 33–54. Stamford CT: Ablex Publishing.
Hellerman, John
2009 “Practices for Dispreferred Responses Using ‘No’ by a Learner of English.” International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language teaching 47: 95–126.
Kasper, Gabriele, and Kenneth Rose
2002 Pragmatic Development in a Second Language. Oxford: Blackwell.
Laver, John
1994 Principles of Phonetics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Linell, Per
2009 Rethinking Language, Mind and World Dialogically: Interactional and Contextual Theories of Human Sense-making. Charlotte, North Carolina: Information Age Publishing.
Ochs, Elinor.
1996 “Linguistic Resources for Socializing Humanity.” In Rethinking Linguistic Relativity, ed. by John Gumperz, and Steven Levinson, 407–437. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ogden, Richard
2006 “Phonetics and Social Action in Agreements and Disagreements.” Journal of Pragmatics 38: 1752–1775.
Pekarek Doehler, Simona, and Evelyne Pochon-Berger
2011 “Developing Methods for Interaction: A Cross-sectional Study of Disagreement Sequences in French L2.” In L2 Interactional Competence and Development, ed. by Joan Hall, John Hellermann, and Simona Pekarek Doehler, 206–243. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.
Peräkylä, Anssi, and Marja-Leena Sorjonen
(eds.) 2012 Emotion in Interaction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Perdue, Clive
2000 “The Structure of Learner Varieties.” Studies in Second Language Acquisition 22: 1–8.
Pomerantz, Anita
1978 Compliment Responses: Notes on the Cooperation of Multiple Constraints. In Studies in the Organization of Conversational Interaction, ed. by Jim Schenkein, 79–112. New York: Academic Press.
1984 “Agreeing and Disagreeing with Assessment: Some Features of Preferred/Dispreferred Turn Shapes.” In Structures of Social Action, ed. by J. Maxwell Atkinson and John Heritage, 57–101. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Rintell, Ellen
1984 “But How Did You Feel about That?: The Learner’s Perception of Emotion in Speech.” Applied Linguistics 5: 255–264..
Selting, Margaret
1994 “Emphatic Speech Style – with Special Focus on the Prosodic Signalling of Heightened Emotive Involvement in Conversation.” Journal of Pragmatics 22: 375–408.
Taguchi, Naoko
2012 Context, Individual Differences and Pragmatic Competence. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
Talmy, Steven
2008 “The Cultural Productions of ESL Student at Tradewinds High: Contingency, Multidirectionality, and Identity in L2 Socialization.” Applied Linguistics 29: 619–644.
Wetherell, Margaret
2012 Affect and Emotion: A New Social Science Understanding. London: SAGE.