Chapter 7
The Finnish projector phrase se että as a fixed
expression
This chapter shows that the Finnish expression se että ‘it
(is) that’, consisting of a demonstrative followed by a complementizer, is a
fixed projective element in talk-in-interaction both on its own and with
collocating elements. It shares features with projector phrases identified
for other languages: it is used both to prepare the addressee for the nature
of the upcoming and to underline the upcoming as central to the ongoing
interaction. The analysis of se että having grammaticized
into a projector phrase is supported by prosodic evidence: the two elements
are most often produced as one prosodic word. The findings support the idea
that se että emerges in interaction with a fixed form
rather than being generated by a syntactic rule.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Background
- 3.
Data and methods
- 4.Elements collocating with the se että expression
- 4.1Elements in the pre-se että position
- 4.2Elements in the mid-se että position
- 4.3Elements in the post-se että position
- 4.4Expansions of the se että expression
- 4.5
Collocating elements: Summary and discussion
- 5.Interactional functions of the se että
expression
- 6.Prosodic features of se että
- 7.Conclusions
-
Acknowledgement
-
Notes
-
Data sources
-
References
-
Appendix
References
Data sources
Arkisyn: A
Morphosyntactically Coded Database of Conversational
Finnish
Database compiled at the
University of Turku, with material from the Conversation Analysis
Archive at the University of Helsinki and the Syntax Archives at the
University of Turku. Department of Finnish and Finno-Ugric Languages, University of Turku.
Corpus of Finnish
Dialects
Syntax Archives, Department of Finnish and Finno-Ugric Studies, University of Turku.
References
Aho, Eija
2010 Spontaanin puheen prosodinen
jaksottelu [
The prosodic
segmentation of spontaneous
speech]. Helsinki: University of Helsinki.
Antaki, Charles, and Margaret Wetherell
1999 “
Show
Concessions.”
Discourse
Studies 1 (1): 7–27.
Auer, Peter
2005 “
Projection
in Interaction and Projection in
Grammar.”
Text &
Talk 25 (1): 7–36.
Auer, Peter, and Stefan Pfänder
(eds) 2011 Constructions:
Emerging and
Emergent. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Boersma, Paul, and David Weenink
2018 Praat:
Doing Phonetics by Computer. Version
6.0.37, retrieved from
[URL]
Bruce, Gösta
1998 Allmän och svensk
prosodi. [
General and
Swedish prosody.]
Praktisk lingvistik
16. Lund University: Institutionen för lingvistik.
Bybee, Joan
2010 Language,
Usage and
Cognition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Corrigan, Roberta, Edith Moravcsik, Hamid Ouali, and Kathleen Wheatley
(eds) 2009 Formulaic
Language. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Couper-Kuhlen, Elizabeth, and Margret Selting
2018 Interactional
Linguistics: Studying Language in Social
Interaction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Couper-Kuhlen, Elizabeth, and Sandra A. Thompson
2000 “
Concessive
Patterns in
Conversation.” In
Cause –
Condition – Concession – Contrast: Cognitive and Discourse
Perspectives, ed.
by
Elizabeth Couper-Kuhlen, and
Bernd Kortmann, 381–410. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Du Bois, John W., and Elise Kärkkäinen
2012 “
Taking
a Stance on Emotion: Affect, Sequence, and Intersubjectivity in
Dialogic Interaction.”
Text &
Talk 32 (4): 433–451.
Duvallon, Outi, and Rea Peltola
2017a “
Deontic
Readings of the Imperative through the Prism of Force Dynamic
Relations: Permissive and Preventive Utterances with the Discourse
Marker vaa(n) in
Finnish.”
Journal of
Pragmatics 120: 17–34.
Duvallon, Outi, and Rea Peltola
2017b “
Voimadynaaminen VAAN: Odotusten, intentioiden ja
kerrottavuuden partikkeli [Finnish VAAN: the force dynamic particle of
expectations, intentions and
tellability].”
Virittäjä 121 (4): 500–533.
Erman, Britt, and Beatrice Warren
2000 “
The
Idiom Principle and the Open Choice
Principle.”
Text 20 (1): 29–62.
Fillmore, Charles
1979 “
On Fluency. In
Individual Differeces in Language Ability and Language Behavior, ed.
by
Charles Fillmore,
Daniel Kempler, and
William S-Y. Wang, 85–102. New York: Academic Press.
Goodwin, Charles
2002 “
Time
in Action.”
Current
Anthropology 43: 19–3.
Günthner, Susanne
2008 “
‘Die
Sache ist…’: eine Projektorkonstruktion im gesprochenen
Deutsch.”
Zeitschrift für
Sprachwissenschaft 27 (1): 39–72.
Hakulinen, Auli, and Mirja Saari
1995 “
Temporaalisesta
adverbista partikkeliksi [From temporal adverb to discourse
particle].”
Virittäjä 99: 481–500.
Hakulinen, Auli, Maria Vilkuna, Riitta Korhonen, Vesa Koivisto, Tarja Riitta Heinonen, and Irja Alho
2004 Iso suomen kielioppi [
Comprehensive grammar of
Finnish]. Helsinki: Finnish Literature Society.
Hopper, Paul
1987 “
Emergent
grammar.”
Proceedings of the
Thirteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics
Society 13: 139–157.
Hopper, Paul
2011 “
Emergent
Grammar and Temporality in Interactional
Linguistics.” In
Constructions:
Emerging and Emergent, ed.
by
Peter Auer, and
Stefan Pfänder, 22–44. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Hopper, Paul, and Sandra A. Thompson
Kalliokoski, Jyrki
1989 Ja. Rinnastus ja rinnastuskonjunktion
käyttö [
‘And’.
Coordination and the use of the coordinating
conjunction]. Helsinki: Finnish Literature Society.
Koivisto, Aino, Ritva Laury, and Eeva-Leena Seppänen
Leino, Jaakko
1999 ”
Mitä tarkoittaa se, että:
Se-pronominista subjektina ja objektina toimivan
että-lauseen
yhteydessä [On
using the pronoun
se with an
että
clause as subject or
object].”
Virittäjä
103 (1): 27–51.
Lindström, Jan K., and Anne-Marie Londen
2013 “
Concession
and Reassertion: on a Dialogic Discourse Pattern in
Conversation.”
Text &
Talk 33 (3), 331–352.
Niemi, Jarkko
2015 Myönnyttelyn käytänteitä: Erimielisyys ja
yhteisymmärryksen rakentaminen
vuorovaikutuksessa [
Practices of conceding: Disagreement and the negotiation of mutual
understanding in
conversation]. University of Helsinki, Faculty of Arts, Department of Finnish, Finno-Ugrian and Scandinavian Studies.
Nordlund, Taru
2002 “
Retention
of Abstract Meaning: The Essive Case and the Grammaticalization of
Polyphony in
Finnish.” In
New
Reflections on Grammaticalization, ed.
by
Ilse Wischer, and
Gabriele Diewald, 293–307. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Nordlund, Taru
2011 “Perustelevasta referoivaksi: Suomen partikkelin
muka merkityksenmuutos 1800-luvun
tekstiaineistojen valossa [From an explanatory particle to a marker of reported
speech. The semantic shift of the Finnish particle
muka; ‘apparently, as
if’].”
Virittäjä 115 (4): 484–514.
NS
Nykysuomen sanakirja [
Dictionary of modern
Finnish]. Helsinki: WSOY.
Pawley, Andrew, and Frances Hodgetts Syder
1983 “Two
Puzzles for Linguistic Theory: Nativelike Selection and Nativelike
Fluency. In
Language
and Communication, ed.
by
Jack J. C. Richards, and
Richard R. W. Schmidt, 191–225. London: Longman.
Sacks, Harvey
1992 Lectures
on Conversation. ed.
by
Gail Jefferson. Cambridge: Blackwell Publishers.
Sacks, Harvey, Emanuel A. Schegloff, and Gail Jefferson
1974 “
A
Simplest Systematics for the Organization of Turn-Taking for
Conversation.”
Language 50: 696–735.
Salminen, Taru
2000 Morfologiasta moniäänisyyteen: suomen kielen
kvasirakenteen merkitys, käyttö ja
kehitys [
From morphology
to polyphony: Meaning, function and evolution of the
quasi-construction in
Finnish]. Helsinki: Finnish Literature Society.
Scheibman, Joanne
2000 “
I
dunno. .. A Usage-Based Account of the Phonological Reduction of
Don’t in American English
Conversation.”
Journal of
Pragmatics 32 (1): 105–124.
Schegloff, Emanuel
1990 “
On
the Organization of Sequences as a Source of 'Coherence' in
Talk-in-Interaction.” In
Conversational
Organization and its Development, ed.
by
Bruce Dorval, 51–77. Norwood, New Jersey: Ablex.
Schegloff, Emanuel
1996 “
Turn
Organization: One Intersection of Grammar and
Interaction.” In
Interaction
and grammar, ed.
by
Elinor Ochs,
Emanuel A. Schegloff, and
Sandra A. Thompson, 52–133. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Schegloff, Emanuel
2007 Sequence
Organization in Interaction. A Primer in Conversation
Analysis. Cambridge University Press.
Schiffrin, Deborah
1987 Discourse
Markers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Selting, Margret, and Elizabeth Couper-Kuhlen
Sidnell, Jack, and Tanya Stivers
(eds) 2012 The
Handbook of Conversation
Analysis. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.
Siro, Paavo
1968 “
Suomen kielen että-lauseen
ongelmasta [Concerning the problem of the Finnish että
clause.]” In
Fenno-Ugrica.
Juhlakirja Lauri Postin kuusikymmenvuotispäiväksi
17.3.1968, 203–205.
Publications
of the Finno-Ugrian Society
145. Helsinki: Finno-Ugrian Society.
Sorjonen, Marja-Leena
1989 “
Vuoronalkuiset
konnektorit:
mutta
.” In
Suomalaisen
keskustelun keinoja I, ed.
by
Auli Hakulinen, 162–176. Kieli
4. Helsinki: University of Helsinki, Department of Finnish.
Suomalainen, Karita, Anna Vatanen, and Ritva Laury
2016a “
Se
että -rakenne keskustelupuheessa: mihin sitä käytetään
ja miten.” Paper given at the
XLIII Kielitieteen päivät, Oulu,
Finland, May
25-27.
Suomalainen, Karita, Anna Vatanen, and Ritva Laury
2016b “
The
Finnish se että as an emerging and emergent
construction.” Paper given at the
Symposium on the emergence of units in social interaction University
of Helsinki, August
4-5.
Suomalainen, Karita, Anna Vatanen, and Ritva Laury
In
press. “
The Finnish se
että initiated expressions: NPs or
not?” In
The ‘Noun Phrase’ across Languages: An emergent unit in interaction [
Typological Studies in Language 128] ed.
by
Tsuyoshi Ono, and
Sandra A. Thompson 12 41 Amsterdam John Benjamins
Vilkuna, Maria
1984 “
Voiko -kin partikkelia
ymmärtää? [Understanding conventional implicature: The clitic -kin/-kAAn in
Finnish].”
Virittäjä 88 (4): 393–407.
Cited by
Cited by 1 other publications
Laury, Ritva & Marja-Liisa Helasvuo
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 15 april 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.