Article published In:
PragmaticsVol. 15:2/3 (2005) ► pp.169–203
Speech levels, social predicates and pragmatic structure in Balinese
A lexical approach
This paper will account for the interaction between syntax and semantics/pragmatics in the speech styles of Balinese. The analysis makes use of an explicit representation that accounts for the co-occurrence restrictions on linguistic expressions which are imposed by social information associated with the speech- level system. It is proposed that social information be treated in terms of social predicates and modelled using LFG-style parallel structures. The social predicates are contained in what is called pragmatic-structure (prag-str). It is demonstrated that this approach can account for the plain as well as the (dis)honouring use of linguistic forms in Balinese.
Keywords: Social predicate, Pragmatic agreement, Pragmatic consistency, Implicature, Pragmatic structure, Politeness, Speech levels
Available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC) 4.0 license.
References
Ananda Kusuma, S.R.
(1986) Kamus bahasa Bali. Denpasar: CV Kayumas.
Arka, I Wayan
(2003) Balinese morphosyntax: A lexical-functional approach. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
(1998) From morphosyntax to pragmatics in Balinese. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Sydney.
Artawa, I Ketut
(1994) Ergativity and Balinese syntax. Ph.D. thesis, La Trobe University.
Barber, C.C.
(1977) A grammar of the Balinese language vol. I and II1. Aberdeen: Aberdeen University.
Beratha, Ni Luh Sutjiati
(1992) Evolution of verbal morphology in Balinese. Ph.D. dissertation, Australian National University.
Bresnan, Joan
(1982) Control and complementation. In J. Bresnan (ed.), The mental representation of grammatical relations. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press, pp. 282-390. BoP
(2001) Lexical functional syntax. London: Blackwell.
Brown, Penelope, and Stephen C. Levinson
(1987) Politeness: Some universals in language use. London: Cambridge University Press. 
Choi, Hye-Won
(1996) Optimizing structure in context: Scrambling and information structure. Ph.D. dissertation, Stanford University.
Clynes, Adrian
(1989) Speech styles in Javanese and Balinese: A comparative study. MA thesis, Australian National University.
(1995) Topics in the phonology and morphosyntax of Balinese. Ph.D. dissertation, Australian National University.
Comrie, Bernard
(1975) Polite plurals and predicate agreement. Language 511: 406-418.
Dalrymple, Mary
(2001) Syntax and semantics, vol 34: Lexical functional grammar. San Diego: Academic Press.
Eun, Jong Oh, and Susan Strauss
(2004) The primacy of information status in the alternation between deferential and polite forms in Korean public discourse. Language Sciences 251-272. BoP
BoPFalk, Yehuda N.
(2001) Lexical-functional grammar. Stanford: CSLI.
Foley, William A.
(1994) Information Structure. In R.E. Asher & J.M.Y. Simpson (eds.), The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics. Oxford: Pergamon Press, pp. 1678-1685.
Givón, Talmy
(1990) Syntax: A functional-typological introduction. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Goris, Roelof
(1954) Prasasti Bali. Bandung: Lembaga Bahasa dan Budaya / Masa Baru.
Hunter, Thomas Marshall
(1988) Balinese language: Historical background and contemporary state. Ph.D. thesis: Michigan University.
Kathol, Andreas
(1999) Agreement and the syntax-morphology interface in HPSG. In Robert D. Levine and Georgia M. Green (eds.), Studies in contemporary phrase structure grammar. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp.223-274.
Keenan, Edward L., and Bernard Comrie
(1977) Noun phrase accessibility and universal grammar. Linguistic Inquiry 81: 63-99.
Kersten, J.
(1970) Tatabahasa Bali. Flores: Arnoldus.
Lakoff, George, and Mark Johnson
Leech, Geoffrey N.
Levinson, Stephen C.
Lyons, John
(1986) Semantics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Morgan, J.L.
(1978) Two types of conventions in indirect speech acts. In P. Cole (ed.), Syntax and semantics: Pragmatics.New York: Academic Press, pp. 261-280.
Oka Granoka, I.W., I.B. Udara Naryana, I.W. Jendra, I.N. Medra, I.G.N. Putra Yasa, and I.W. Bawa
(1985) Tata bahasa Bali. Denpasar: Proyek Pengembangan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia dan Daerah Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
Park, Byong-Soo
(1991) The semantic and pragmatic nature of honorific agreement in Korean. Paper presented at The Sixth Japanese-Korean Conference on Formal Linguistics.
Pastika, I Wayan
(1999) Voice selection in Balinese narrative discourse. Ph.D. thesis, Australian National University.
Pollard, Carl, and Ivan A. Sag
(1994) Head-driven phrase structure grammar. California: CSLI P and University of Chicago Press.
Simpen, I Wayan
(1985) Kamus bahasa Bali. Denpasar: PT Mabhakti.
Traugott, Elizabeth Closs, and Ekkehard Köenig
(1991) The semantics-pragmatics of grammaticalization revisited. In E.C. Traugott and B. Heine (eds), Approaches to grammaticalization, volume 1. Amsterdam, John Benjamins, pp. 189-218.
Wang, Hahn-Sok
(1990) Toward a description of the organisation of Korean speech levels. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 821: 25-39.
Warna, I Wayan, et al.
(1993) Kamus Bali-Indonesia. Denpasar: Dinas Pendidikan Dasar Propinsi Dati I Bali.
Cited by
Cited by 4 other publications
Arka, I Wayan
2019. Grammatical relations in Balinese. In Argument Selectors [Typological Studies in Language, 123], ► pp. 257 ff. 
Arka, I Wayan & Mary Dalrymple
2017. Nominal, pronominal, and verbal number in Balinese. Linguistic Typology 21:2
Arka, I Wayan & Nurenzia Yannuar
2016. On the morphosyntax and pragmatics of-inin Colloquial Jakartan Indonesian. Indonesia and the Malay World 44:130 ► pp. 342 ff.
de Vos, Connie & Roland Pfau
2015. Sign Language Typology: The Contribution of Rural Sign Languages. Annual Review of Linguistics 1:1 ► pp. 265 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 10 november 2023. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.