Text vs. Comment
Some examples of the rhetorical value of the Diglossic code-switching in Arabic – a Gumperzian approac
This article deals with the question of the diglossic code-switching in the Arabic spoken language and especially in learned discourses. I aim to explain the rhetorical inherent value in the diglossic code-switching in the Arabic spoken language and I will attempt to show through a series of examples drawn from an Aljazeera episode, how the juxtaposition of standard Arabic and colloquial Arabic can be a vehicle for messages that bear rhetorical / metaphorical values.
References
Alfonzetti, Giovanna
(
1992)
Il discorso bilingue: Italiano e dialetto a Catania. Milan: Francoangeli.
BoP
Alfonzetti, Giovanna
(
1998)
The conversational dimension in code-switching between Italian and dialect in Sicily. In
Auer (ed.) (1998), pp. 180-211.
Appel, René and Pieter Muysken
(
1987)
Language contact and bilingualism. London: Edward Arnold.
BoP
Auer, Peter
(
1998)
Code-switching in Conversation: Language, interaction and identity. London/New York: Routledge.
BoP
Badawī, al-Sa‘īd Muḥammad
(
1973)
Mustawayāt al-‘arabiyya al-mu‘āṣira fī Miṣr. Cairo: Dār al-Ma‘ārif.
Badawī, al-Sa‘īd Muḥammad and Martin Hinds
(
1991)
A dictionary of Egyptian Arabic: Arabic-English. Beirut: Maktabat Lubnān.
Beeston, A.F.L
(
1983a)
The role of parallelism in Arabic prose. In
Beeston et al. (ed.) (1983b), pp. 180-185.
Beeston, A.F.L
(
1983b)
Arabic literature to the end of the Umayyad Period. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Berruto, Gaetano
(
2007)
Fondamenti di sociolinguistica. Bari: Laterza.
Blau, Joshua
(
1981)
The emergence and linguistic background of Judaeo-Arabic. Jerusalem: Ben-Zvi Institute for the Study of Jewish Communities in the East.
Blanc, Haim
(
1960)
Stylistic variations in spoken Arabic: A sample of interdialectal educated conversation. In
Harvard Middle Eastern Monographs III1: 81-156.
Blom, Jan-Petter and John Gumperz
(
1972)
Social meaning in linguistic structure: code-switching in Norway. In
Gumperz and
Hymes (eds.) (1972), pp. 407-434.
BoP
Boussofara-Omar, Naima
(
2006a)
Neither third language nor middle varieties but Arabic diglossic switching.
Zeitschrift für Arabische Linguistik 451: 55-80.
Boussofara-Omar, Naima
(
2006b)
Diglossia. In
Versteegh (ed.) (2006), pp. 629-637.
Brown, Gillian and George Yule
(
1983)
Discourse analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
BoP
Eid, Mushira
(
1982)
The non-randomness of diglossic variation in Arabic.
Glossa 16.1: 54-84.
Eid, Mushira and Clive Holes
Elgibali, Alaa
(ed.) (
1996)
Understanding Arabic: Essays in contemporary Arabic linguistics in honor of El-Said Badawi. Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press.
El-Hassan, Shahir
(
1977)
Educated spoken Arabic in Egypt and the Levant: A critical review of diglossia and related concepts.
Archivuum linguisticum8.2: 112-132.
Ferguson, Charles A
(
1959)
Diglossia.
Word 151: 325-340.
BoP
Gumperz, John
(
1982)
Discourse strategies. Cambridge: Cambridge University.
BoP
Gumperz, John and Dell Hymes
(eds.) (
1972)
Directions in Sociolinguistics. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
BoP
Garfinkel, H
(
1972)
Studies of the routine grounds of everyday activities. In
Sundow (ed.) (1972), pp. 1-30.
Ghobrial, John-Paul A
(
2004)
Mere Kalam Fadi?: Language and meaning in modern Egyptian history. M. Phil thesis in modern Middle Eastern studies. Oxford: St. Antony’s College, University of Oxford Trinity.
Hary, Benjamin
(
1989)
Middle Arabic: Proposals for new terminology.
al-‘Arabiyya 221: 19-36.
Hary, Benjamin
(
1996)
The importance of the language continuum in Arabic multiglossia. In
Elgibali (ed.) (1996), p. 70.
Holes, Clive
(
1995)
Modern Arabic: Structures, Functions and Varieties. London/N.Y : Longman.
BoP
Ibrahim, Amr Helmy
(
1978)
Fonction des niveaux de langue dans la communication sociale en Egypt.
Peuples méditerranéens,
October-December 1978.51 : 3-34.
Ibrahim, Zeinab and Sanaa Makhlouf
(eds.) (
2008)
Language and Linguistics in an age of globalisation. Cairo: AUC press.
Koch, B
(
1983)
Presentation as proof: the language of Arabic rhetoric.
Anthropological linguistics 25. 1 : 47-60.
BoP
Larcher, Pierre
(
2001)
Moyen arabe et arabe moyen.
Arabica 48.4: 578-609.
Lentin, Jérome
(
2008)
Middle Arabic. In
Versteegh (ed.) (2008), pp. 215-224
Mazraani, Nathalie
(
2008)
Political discourse and language. In
Versteegh (ed.) (2008), pp. 663-671.
Meiseles, Gustav
(
1980)
Educated spoken Arabic and Arabic language continuum.
Archivum linguisticum 11. 2: 118-148.
Mejdell, Gunvor
(
2006a)
Mixed styles in spoken Arabic in Egypt: somewhere between Order and Chaos. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Mejdell, Gunvor
(
2006b)
Code-switching. In
Versteegh (ed.) (2006), pp. 414-421.
Mejdell, Gunvor
(
2008a)
Is modern fuṣḥā a ‘standard’ language? In
Ibrahim and
Makhlouf (ed.), pp. 41-52.
Mejdell, Gunvor
(
2008b)
Middle Arabic across time and medium/mode – some reflexions and suggestions. In
Actes du Premier Colloque International de l’AIMA (Association Internationale du Moyen-Arabe)
, pp. 355-372.
Mitchell, Terence Frederick
(
1986)
What is educated spoken Arabic? International Journal of the Sociology of Language 611: 7-32.
Myers-Scotton, Carol
(
1993)
Duelling languages: grammatical structure in codeswitching. Oxford: Clarendon.
BoP
Owens, Jonathan
(
2001)
Arabic sociolinguistics.
Arabica 48.4: 419-469.
Parkinson, Dilworth
(
1991)
Searching for modern fuṣḥa: Real-life formal Arabic.
al-‘Arabiyya 241: 31-64.
Parkinson, Dilworth
(
1994)
Speaking Fuṣḥā in Cairo: The Role of the Ending Vowels. In
Suleiman (1994), pp. 179-212.
Rosenbaum, Gabriel M
(
2000)
Fuṣhammiyya: Alterning style in Egyptian prose.
Zeitschrift für Arabische Linguistik 381: 68-87.
Sankoff, David
(
1998)
The production of code-mixed discourse. In
Proceedings of the XVII international conference on computational linguistics in Montreal
. vol. 11. Association for Computational linguistics, Morristow (United States), pp. 8-21.
Silverstein, Michael
(
1985)
Language and the culture of gender: at the intersection of structure, usage, and ideology. In
Elizabeth Mertz and
Richard H. Parmentier (eds.),
Semiotic mediation. Orlando. Academic Press, pp. 219-239.
Suleiman, Yasir
(ed.) (
1994)
Arabic sociolinguistics: Issues & perspectives. Richmond: Curzon Press.
BoP
Sudnow, David
(
1972)
Studies in Social Interaction, New York: Free Press.
BoP
Versteegh, Kees
(ed.) (
2006)
Encyclopedia of Arabic language and linguistics. Volume I1. Leiden: Brill.
Versteegh, Kees
(ed.) (
2008)
Encyclopedia of Arabic language and linguistics. Volume III1. Leiden: Brill.
Wittgenstein, Ludwig
(
1958)
Philosophical investigations. New York: Macmillian.