Introduction

Defining, performing and countering hate speech

Fabienne Baider | University of Cyprus

Sharon Millar | University of Southern Denmark

Stavros Assimakopoulos | University of Malta

Published online: 13 July 2020
https://doi.org/10.1075/ps.00030.edi

References

Blaya, Catherine

2019 “Cyberhate: A review and content analysis of intervention strategies.” Aggression and Violent Behavior 451: 163–172.

Brown, Alexander

2015 Hate Speech Law: A Philosophical Examination. New York: Routledge.

2017a “What is hate speech? Part 1: The Myth of Hate.” Law and Philosophy 361: 419–468.

2017b “What is Hate Speech? Part 2: Family Resemblances.” Law and Philosophy 361: 561–613.

Citron, Danielle Keats, and Helen Norton

2011 “Intermediaries and hate speech: Fostering digital citizenship for our information age.” Boston University Law Review 91 (4): 1435–1484.

Council of Europe

2010 Council of Europe Charter on Education for Democratic Citizenship and Human Rights Education. Strasbourg: Council of Europe Publishing

ECRI

2018 Annual Report On ECRI’s Activities Covering the Period from 1 January to 31 December 2017. Available from http://rm.coe.int/annual-report-on-ecri-s-activities-covering-the-period-from-1-january-/16808c168b

2019 Annual Report On ECRI’s Activities Covering the Period from 1 January to 31 December 2018. Available from https://rm.coe.int/annual-report-2018/168094d6fe

European Commission

2016 The EU Code of Conduct on countering illegal hate speech online. Available from https://ec.europa.eu/info/policies/justice-and-fundamental-rights/combatting-discrimination/racism-and-xenophobia/eu-code-conduct-countering-illegal-hate-speech-online_en

FRA (The European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights)

2012 Making Hate Crime Visible in the European Union: Acknowledging Victims’ Rights. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. Available from https://fra.europa.eu/en/publication/2012/making-hate-crime-visible-european-union-acknowledging-victims-rights

Hornsby, Jennifer

2003 “Free speech and hate speech: Language and rights.” In Normatività Fatti Valori, ed. by Rosaria Egidi, Massimo Dell’Utri, and Mario De Caro, 297–310. Macerata, Italy: Quodlibet.

Jane, Emma A.

2014 “ ‘Your a Ugly, Whorish, Slut’: Understanding E-bile.” Feminist Media Studies 1441: 531–546.

Langton, Rae

2018 “The authority of hate speech,” Oxford Studies of Philosophy in Law 31: 123–152.

OHCHR (Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights)

2019 Report of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the freedom of opinion and expression, A/74/486 (Advanced unedited report). Available from https://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/FreedomOpinion/Pages/Annual.aspx

Schabas, William

2000 “Hate Speech in Rwanda: The Road to Genocide.” McGill Law Journal 461: 141–171.

Tsesis, Alexander

2002 Destructive Messages: How Hate Speech Paves the Way for Harmful Social Movements. New York: New York University Press.

2013 “Inflammatory Hate Speech: Offense versus Incitement.” Minnesota Law Review 971: 101–152.

Cited by

Cited by 5 other publications

Andersson, Marta

2021. The climate of climate change: Impoliteness as a hallmark of homophily in YouTube comment threads on Greta Thunberg's environmental activism. Journal of Pragmatics 178 ► pp. 93 ff.

Baider, Fabienne

2022. Covert Hate Speech, Conspiracy Theory and Anti-semitism: Linguistic Analysis Versus Legal Judgement. International Journal for the Semiotics of Law - Revue internationale de Sémiotique juridique

Culpeper, Jonathan

2021. Impoliteness and hate speech: Compare and contrast. Journal of Pragmatics 179 ► pp. 4 ff.

Mey, Jacob L.

2021. In Approaches to Internet Pragmatics [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 318], ► pp. 27 ff.

Määttä, Simo K., Karita Suomalainen & Ulla Tuomarla

2021. Everyday discourse as a space of citizenship: the linguistic construction of in-groups and out-groups in online discussion boards. Citizenship Studies 25:6 ► pp. 773 ff.

This list is based on CrossRef data as of 17 april 2022. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.