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Pragmatics and Society: Online-First ArticlesActions of known-answer questions in guided tours
Designing further talk and soliciting participation
This study explores how guided tour interaction is achieved through certain question formats, specifically known-answer questions (KAQs), as they are deployed by guides for subsequently designing their talk to fit perceived visitor knowledge and for inviting visitor involvement in question-initiated talk. The approximately 470 minutes of video-recorded data come from guided tours in Japan, Belgium, South Korea, and Cambodia. In these tours, English was used as a common language among local guides and their foreign visitors. Analysis revealed how mobile tours are accomplished through sequences initiated by guides’ KAQs, exposing the guides’ strategic deployment of these questions and demonstrating how they subsequently utilized visitor responses to construct their talk. Comparison of the findings from the current study with those from previous research on KAQs in other institutional talk, such as educational and political settings, implies that, depending on the interactional goals, KAQs may perform diverse actions.
Keywords: conversation analysis, known-answer questions, guided tours, recipient design, lingua franca
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Background
- 2.1Conversation analysis and question design
- 2.2Questions in guided tours
- 3.Data and method of analysis
- 4.Analysis
- 4.1Assessing visitor knowledge status
- 4.2Assessing international visitor knowledge of the local language
- 4.3Creating opportunities for embodied teaching and learning
- 5.Conclusion and discussion
- Acknowledgements
- Declaration of interest statement
- Notes
-
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