Cover not available
Article published In:
Pragmatics of Active Social Inclusion
Edited by Yoshiko Matsumoto and Heidi E. Hamilton
[Pragmatics and Society 15:1] 2024
► pp. 85–103

Learning from initial reviews of multilingual graphics illustrating dementia caregiving

ORCID logo | University of North Carolina - Charlotte
| University of Canterbury
| University of North Carolina - Charlotte

This study traces the initial processes in creating and assessing ‘comics,’ or graphic materials of various sorts, which illustrate situations in dementia caregiving. Dementia care materials intended for paid caregivers need to accommodate three related work situations (home care aides, residential care aides and nursing assistants), and be comprehensible for low-literacy and second-language caregivers. Their creation draws on pragmatic constructs underlying an emphasis on reading oneself into the materials and on interpersonal interaction between caregiver and recipient. While our focus here is on English, we also illustrate our work with Filipino, Latin American Spanish, and Taiwanese Mandarin.

Keywords: dementia caregivers, medical comics, dementia, caregivers
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction and rationale
  • 2.Background
    • 2.1Brief statement of need
  • 3.Steps in developing the U.S. caregiver guide
  • 4.Assessing the caregiver guides
  • 5.Expanding to second-language, immigrant, and low-literacy caregivers
    • 5.1Non-English caregiver guides
      • 5.1.1Taiwanese guides
      • 5.1.2Filipino guides
      • 5.1.3Latin American Spanish: Varying the viewing audience
  • 6.Back to English: One size certainly does not fit all
  • 7.Final thoughts
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
Published online: 22 December 2023
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/ps.23065.dav
References
AARP
2020 “ Caregiving in the U.S. ” [URL]
Alzheimer’s Association
2022 “ Facts and figures for 2022 .” Alzheimer’s and Dementia 181. [URL]
Broom, Timothy W., Robert S. Chavez and Dylan D. Wagner
2021 “Becoming the King in the North: Identification with Fictional Characters is Associated with Greater Self–other Neural Overlap.” DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Cabassa, Leopoldo, Hans Oh, Jennifer L. Huensky, Jennifer B. Unger, Gregory B. Molina, and Melvin Baron
2015 “Comparing the Impact on Latinos of a Depression Brochure and an Entertainment-education Depression Fotonovela.” Psychiatric Services 66 (3): 313–316. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
CDC
2019 “ Caregiving for Family and Friends: A Public Health Issue .” [URL]
Chen, Chen-Fen
2016 “Insiders and outsiders: policy and care workers in Taiwan’s long-term care system.” Ageing & Society 31: 2090 – 2116 DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Davis, Boyd H., and Margaret Maclagan
2018 “Narrative and Ageing: Exploring the Range of Narrative Types in Dementia Conversation.” European Journal of English Studies 22 (1): 76–90. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
(eds) 2022 Dementia Caregiving East and West: Issues of Communication. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.Google Scholar
Davis, Boyd H., Margaret Maclagan, and Charlene Pope
2021 “Digital Outreach in Online Dementia Discourse: A Preliminary Introduction.” Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders 12 (2): 185–211. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Davis, Boyd H., Lu Song, Meredith Troutman-Jordan, Sandra Chen, and Margaret Maclagan
2022 “Current Language Issues in Enhancing Dementia Discourse with Digital Caregiver Guides.” Frontiers in Asia-Pacific Language and Culture Studies 11: 1–11.Google Scholar
De Medeiros, Kate and Robert L. Rubinstein
2015 “ ‘Shadow Stories’ in Oral Interviews: Narrative Care through Careful Listening.” Journal of Aging Studies 341: 162–168. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Gauthier, Serge, Claire Webster, Stijin Servaes, Jose Morais, and Pedro Rosa-Neto
2022 World Alzheimer Report 2022. England: ADI. [URL]
Georgakopolou, Alexandra
2007 Small Stories, Interaction and Identities. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2015 Routledge Handbook of Language and Digital Communication. New York: Taylor and Francis. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Goodwin, Charles
1995 “Co-constructing Meaning in Conversations with an Aphasic Man.” Research on Language and Social Interaction 281: 233–260. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Graphic Medicine
2023 [URL]
Hook, Derek
2018 Six Moments in Lacan: Communication and Identification in Psychology and Psychoanalysis. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Jurado, Leo-Felix M., and Marlon Garza Saria
2018 “Filipino Nurses in the United States.” Nursing Management 491: 36–41. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Kearns, Ciléin, and Nethmi Kearns N.
2020 “The Role of Comics in Public Health Communication during the COVID-19 Pandemic.” Journal of Visual Communication in Medicine 43 (3): 139–149. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Kecskes, Istvan
2019 Editorial to the special issue “Current Developments in Intercultural Pragmatics.” Journal of Pragmatics 1511: 74–75. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Locher, Miriam, and Sage L. Graham
(eds) 2010 Interpersonal Pragmatics. Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
McPhillips, Miranda V., Darina V. Petrovsky, Glenna S. Brewster, Junxin Li, Nalaka S. Gooneratne, Nancy A. Hodgson, and Justine S. Sefcik
2022 “Recruiting Persons with Dementia and Caregivers in a Clinical Trial: Dyads Perceptions.” Western Journal of Nursing Research 44 (6): 557–566. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Montegrico, James, Meredith Troutman-Jordan, and Boyd H. Davis
2022 “Multicultural, multilingual comics for foreign dementia caregivers in Taiwan.” Sixteenth International Congress of the Asian Society Against Dementia, Taipei.
Morrison, Karen, Laraine Winter and Laura N. Gitlin
2016 “Recruiting Community-Based Dementia Patients and Caregivers in a Nonpharmacologic Randomized Trial: What Works and How Much Does It Cost?” Journal of Applied Gerontology 35 (7). DOI logoGoogle Scholar
NAC
2017 Dementia Caregiving in the U.S. [URL]
Nasol, Katherine, and Valerie Francisco-Menchavez
2021 “Filipino Home Care Workers: Invisible Frontline Workers in the COVID-19 Crisis in the United States.” American Behavioral Scientist 651: 1365–1383. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
NIH
2019 Caring for a Person with Alzheimer’s Disease. [URL]
PHI
2022 Direct Care Workers in the United States. [URL]
Riley, Kevin, Jennifer Nazareno, and Sterling Malish
2016 “24-Hour Care: Work and Sleep Conditions of Migrant Filipino Live-in Caregivers in Los Angeles.” American Journal of Industrial Medicine 59 (12): 1120–1129. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Russo, Daniel, Daniele Grechi, Alessandra Vicentini, and Kim Grego
2022 “Sociolinguistic and Statistical Methods to Survey the Communicative Needs of Home-assisted Elderly, their Families, and Foreign Caregivers in Northern Italy.” In Seniors, Foreign Caregivers, Families, Institutions ed. by Boyd H. Davis, Alessandra Vicentini, and Kim Grego, 21–66. Milan: Mimesis International.Google Scholar
Sengupta, Manisha, and Farida Ejaz
2021 “Personal Care Aides in Residential Care Communities and Adult Day Services Centers: Differences in Training Hours, Benefits, and Caregiving Roles.” Poster, GSA 2021 Annual Scientific Meeting, Portland, OR. [cf Innovation in Aging 2021 (5): (Suppl 1): 848–849; cf [URL]].
United Nations
2023 Global Issues: Ageing. [URL]
Van Krieken, Kobie, Hans Hoeken, and José Sanders
2017 “Evoking and Measuring Identification with Narrative Characters – A Linguistic Cues Framework.” Frontiers in Psychology 81. 1190. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
WHO
2021 Global Status Report on the Public Health Response to Dementia. [URL]
Wright, Kristine
2021 “Filipino and Filipino American Nurses in the United States.” [URL]
Zallman, Leah, Karen E. Finegan, David U. Himmelstein, Sharon Touw, and Steffie Woolhandler
2019 “Care for America’s Elderly and Disabled People Relies on Immigrant Labor.” Health Affairs 381: 919–926. DOI logoGoogle Scholar