Index
A
- acoustic analysis
3, 93–94, 96–98
- addressee(A)
4, 23, 37–38, 51–52, 55, 155, 157
- adjacency
39, 42, 95, 212
- adjunct
3, 49–50, 77–78, 84, 86–87, 89, 116, 234, 260, 264, 266, 271
- adverb
5, 165, 187–188, 192, 194, 200, 205, 212
- African languages
4, 6, 133–136, 147, 254
- KiKongo
146–147, 244, 247, 249, 254, 256
- Afro-Colombian identity
6, 241
- agree
2, 19, 23–25, 28, 30, 32, 68, 85, 95, 158–161, 182, 205–206, 211–214, 233
-
agree-copy, agree-link
24, 28, 30, 32
- agreement
2–4, 19, 22–25, 28–32, 34, 42, 77–78, 80–81, 84–86, 88, 105, 139, 141–142, 144, 147, 149, 190, 196–197, 208–210, 212, 220, 223, 235
- anaphor
23, 70, 188–189, 191, 198–200
- archaisms
241, 247–250, 252
- Argentina
133, 135–136, 188
- argument structure
224, 233, 238
- at-issue (not-at-issue)
3, 49–54, 58, 60, 62
- auxiliary selection
5, 219, 223–224, 227, 232–234, 237, 239
- auxiliary verb
5, 219–221, 223, 228–229, 233–234, 268
B
- be
5, 23, 28, 30–31, 219–221, 223–224, 227, 232, 234–235, 259–260, 263, 265, 267
- binding
70, 188, 191, 198–200
- Black awareness
5, 241–242, 245, 248
- Brazil
90, 133–136, 138–144, 146–148
- Buenos Aires
136–137, 153
C
- Catalan
3, 5–6, 37–42, 44, 46–47, 77–78, 81, 85, 89, 113, 134, 180, 219–220, 223–224, 227–228, 233–235, 237, 273
- Barcelona ~
3, 37–38, 40–41
- Majorcan ~
5, 219–220, 223–224, 227–228, 233–235, 237
- North-Eastern Central ~
233
- Northern ~
219–220, 224, 233
- Transitional Northern ~
220, 224
- cause
50, 53, 61, 70, 180, 224
- clitic left dislocation
188
- coda consonant
4, 138–139, 149
- code-switching
5, 203, 215
- Colombia
5, 135, 139–140, 145, 153, 188, 241–242, 248–249, 255, 257–258
- colonial (colonializing)
1, 133–135, 144, 146–147, 151, 154
- comparison class
175, 178, 185
- corpus (corpora)
4, 6, 10, 109–111, 113–114, 119–124, 126, 129, 137, 139, 259–260, 262, 265–267, 269–270
- creole(creoles, creolization)
5, 82, 85, 143–148, 150–154, 241–242, 244, 246–251, 253, 256, 258
- CS
138–150, 203–204, 207–215
D
- degree phrase (DegP)
181–184
- deletion
3, 16, 33, 37–38, 40–46, 93–94, 134, 138–139, 149
- determiner
5, 77–78, 80, 87, 89, 141, 147, 149, 164, 172, 178–182, 184–186
- dislocate (dislocated)
177, 188, 200
- double definiteness
209, 211, 213
- double-complementizer
5, 187–188, 192
E
- ellipsis
80, 172, 176–177, 207
- epistemic commitment
4, 155, 157, 159, 161–166, 168
- ES
5, 41, 149, 187–195, 198–200, 222–223, 226, 229–230, 245, 249, 255
-
esser ‚be‘
5, 219–224, 227–229, 231, 234
-
etnoeducación
250, 254–255, 257
- event structure
224–225, 233
- evidence (evidential)
3–4, 19, 26, 29, 32, 49–50, 54–56, 58–59, 61, 70–71, 74, 81–83, 96–97, 105, 109, 111, 119, 122, 126, 129, 148, 174, 183, 200, 203, 212, 219, 247
- exhaustive control
261–262, 264, 269–270
- Exhaustive Lexicalization Principle
235
- extraposed subject
260, 264–267
F
- factive (factivity)
3, 49, 51, 57, 60–62, 260, 266, 268
- faithfulness constraint
42–43
- final schwa
2, 7, 10, 13–17
- first-last assimilation
71
- focus (focusability)
2, 5, 7, 10, 12–16, 38, 53–54, 58, 78, 114, 134, 144, 148, 155, 167, 177, 185, 187–188, 191, 205, 220, 263, 271
- Free Morpheme Constraint
203, 214
- French
1–8, 10–11, 15–19, 22–23, 25–26, 49, 65–66, 70, 72–74, 76–80, 85, 89, 113, 145, 155, 159, 168–169, 171–172, 179–182, 184–186, 224
- Quebec ~
3–4, 6, 65–66, 70, 155, 159, 169
G
- Galician
6, 259–260, 262, 264–266, 268–272
- geminate
65–66, 70, 72–73
- gender
95, 98–99, 105, 137, 205–206, 208, 259, 270, 272
- Greek (Ancient)
109, 120, 122–126, 129
- Greenberg’s Universal (18)
4, 109–115, 117–121, 123, 125–127, 129
H
- have
5, 149, 219–224, 230–232, 234, 239, 268
- hierarchy
10, 24, 43, 116, 129, 224
- Hispanic America
135–136, 139, 143, 146, 150
- hypervaluation of perceived lexical Africanisms
242, 245
I
- identity
6, 38, 241, 245, 247, 253, 255–256, 258, 272
- implication
3, 49–62, 263
- inflected infinitive
259–260, 263–266, 272–273
- initiator (InitiationP)
224–225, 228–229, 231, 235
- interest
6, 43, 219, 249, 265
- interested argument
225, 227, 230
- interrogative
155, 167–168
- intonational break
50, 191
- irregular transmission
133, 145–146, 148
- Italian
5, 79, 90, 113, 169, 171–173, 175–177, 180–186, 202, 224
L
- L1
111, 117, 145, 147, 259
- L2
111, 126, 145–147, 254, 273
- label
69, 84, 96–97, 176, 196, 268
- labeled (labeling)
97, 146, 188, 196–197, 200
- language attitudes
241–242
- language contact
4, 133–135, 140, 144–146, 148, 150, 153–154
- LAS
5, 85, 138, 149, 187–188, 190–195, 198–200, 255
- Latin
5, 89, 109, 120–126, 129, 134, 136–137, 139, 141, 145–146, 187, 228, 242, 248
- left periphery
5, 38, 172, 178, 186–187, 190, 192, 195, 199
- lexicalization
200, 219, 235
- local, (locality) 6
56–58, 60, 65, 68–71, 73–74, 96, 147–148, 196, 235, 244, 247–250, 253–255, 260–262, 264–266, 268–269
-
loi des trois consonnes (LTC) ‘law of three consonants’
8–11, 15, 17
M
- markedness
37–39, 45–46, 113, 117
- maximalizing relative clause
171
- Mexico
3, 93–95, 105–106, 133, 135–136, 139–140, 188
- modality (Mod)
4, 46, 155, 157–166, 168
- modifier
84, 88, 115, 118, 125
- morphological agreement
24
- mother tongue
266, 270–272
- move (moves, movement)
4–5, 27, 34–35, 80, 86, 93, 142, 144–145, 164, 166, 171, 173–179, 181, 186–190, 192, 194–200, 211, 220, 235, 248, 255
N
- nanosyntax (nanosyntactic)
219, 234
- negation (negative)
27, 54, 59, 139, 143–144, 147, 157–159, 166–167, 190–191, 198, 202, 212, 253–254, 258
-
negritud
5, 241–242, 245, 248–250, 253–255
- New York City
139–140, 153
- nominal plural marking
142, 147, 149
- non-finite verbal form
45
- noun
20–21, 25, 32, 77–82, 89, 109–113, 115–127, 129, 131, 137, 141, 147, 149, 173, 177–179, 181–184, 203, 205–207, 209–211, 213–214, 266
- number
3, 22, 24, 31, 35, 37–38, 46, 77–83, 87, 89–92, 132, 139, 141–142, 148–149, 151, 175, 181, 205–206, 208, 234, 238, 259, 263
- numeral(numerals)
4, 109–112, 115–129, 149, 171, 175, 186, 189
O
- object control
265–266, 268–269
- open syllables
68–69, 146
- Optimality Theory (OT)
3, 37–38, 42, 46–47
P
- person/number (P/N)
- features
3, 37, 40, 43, 46, 263
- Palenque (Palenquero)
5, 143, 145, 147, 152, 241–258
- partial control
2, 6, 19, 261, 265–266, 268–269
- participle
41, 220, 223, 234–235
- past participle agreement
220, 235
- pause
10, 15, 99–101, 103–105
- person
2–5, 21–24, 28, 30, 37–38, 40–42, 44–46, 79, 81, 137, 142, 148–149, 155–157, 184, 219–220, 224, 232–236, 253, 259, 263
- person-driven auxiliary selection
219, 224
- PF Disjunction Theorem
203, 214
- phase
118, 187, 194–195, 197–198, 200, 239
- plural marking
3, 77–78, 82–86, 88–89, 142–143, 147–149
- plurality
2, 19, 22, 28–29, 32–33, 79–82, 86, 88, 147
- Polarity (Pol)
4, 155–162, 164, 166–168
- Portugal
134, 141, 144–145, 148
- Portuguese
1, 3–4, 6, 39, 77, 82–83, 113, 133–139, 141–148, 150–152, 258–262, 265–266, 268–269, 27
- Brazilian (BP) ~
3–4, 6, 77, 82–83, 133–134, 137–139, 142–144, 152, 260–262, 265
- European ~
39, 139, 141, 148, 259–260, 266, 268–269
- possessive
87–88, 175–176, 219, 225, 227, 230
- possessor
87, 225–226, 253
- pragmatic salience of speaker reference
232
- present perfect
220, 222, 225
- presupposition (trigger)
3, 49, 55, 61–62
- production
2, 7–11, 13, 15–17, 98, 118
- projection
27, 49, 54, 59, 116, 159, 164, 167, 172–176, 178, 183–185, 190, 194, 197–198, 200, 203, 237, 239, 241
- projective content
3, 49–50, 54–57, 60
- prosodic boundary (boundaries)
7–12, 15, 17, 117
- prosody
7–8, 10–11, 16, 18, 38, 46, 50, 134
Q
- Question Under Discussion
51
R
- Realize-Morpheme (RM)
42–46
- reconstruction
187–189, 191, 194, 198–200
- reflexive (enclitics)
3, 23–24, 30, 37–42, 220–221, 235
- relative clauses
5, 172–174, 176, 179–180, 183, 185–186, 206, 211
- repeated negation
139, 143
- resultative participle
234
- resultee (ResultP)
225–227, 229, 231
- revitalization
5, 241, 247–249, 252
S
- São Paulo
137, 139, 148, 153
- second language
2, 136, 144–145, 150
- secondary predicate
26, 28, 30, 32
- semantic agreement
2, 19, 24, 32
- slaves (slavery)
1, 4, 133, 135–136, 147–148, 152, 242, 247
- sociolinguistic changes
241, 247–248
- sociophonetic (sociophonetics)
3, 93
- Spain
82, 134, 140, 144–145, 148
- Spanish
1, 3–6, 26, 37–42, 44–47, 77–82, 84–86, 88, 90, 93–94, 96, 99, 105–107, 113, 133–143, 145–153, 172, 177, 180, 183, 185–187, 197, 200, 202, 210, 237, 244–247, 249–254, 256, 258–259, 262, 264–266, 270–272
- Afro-Bolivian ~
82, 85, 148, 150, 152
- Caribbean ~
4, 133–134, 138–139, 142
- Mexico City ~
3, 93–94, 106
- Peninsular ~
38–39, 41, 45, 150
- speech act
3, 38, 49–50, 57–58, 60, 157–158, 168
- split auxiliary selection
5, 219, 224, 233, 237
- spontaneous innovation
136, 144
- structure preservation
42
- subject control
6, 261–262, 264–266, 268–269
- subject pronoun expression
139–141, 148, 152
- surprise
4, 155–156, 163, 165–167
- syllable (syllabification)
8, 11, 14, 16, 41, 43, 45, 65, 67–71, 73–74, 95, 104–105, 138, 146
- syntactic position
62, 141–142
T
- topic
7, 22, 63, 93, 119, 188, 194, 198–200, 242
U
- unaccusativity
219, 233, 240
- undergoer
5, 219, 224–225, 227–229, 231, 237
- unergative (unergatives)
5, 219, 221, 224
V
- variation (variability)
1–2, 7–9, 11, 15–18, 21, 34, 41, 65, 67, 69, 78, 86, 89–90, 93–95, 105, 110–114, 117–122, 125–126, 129, 138–139, 151, 154, 168, 182, 200, 204, 224, 232–233, 239, 259–260, 262, 265, 267, 270–272
- verbal plural marking
143, 149
- voice
4, 93, 95–101, 103–106, 233, 235
- vowel harmony
3, 65, 68–69, 74
- vowel reduction
3, 93–96, 98–99, 105–106
W
- word order variation
110–112, 119–120, 122, 125–126, 129