Index
A
- acceptability judgment stimuli100
- acquisition, sign language
4, 12, 94–95, 222, 273, 275–277, 293, 318, 329
- age of
4, 68, 74, 94–95, 108, 164, 196, 293
- adversative clauses
123, 125, 128–129, 131, 133, 138, 140–143, 149–151
- Afrikaans (language)
32–33, 50, 165
- age grouped studies
71, 66–68, 196–197, 219–220, 223, 227–232, 235
; See also diachronic change, microdiachronic change
- alphabet, manual
323–324
- one-handed alphabet
70, 78–79, 83–84
- two-handed alphabet
70, 76, 78, 83
; See also fingerspelling
- Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language224
- American Sign Language (ASL)
3, 8–12, 16–18, 45–52, 57, 60, 70–72, 83–84, 99, 102–104, 106–107, 112, 126–128, 155–158, 163, 183, 222, 231, 233–234, 263–264, 266–267, 269, 287–308, 316, 318, 323, 328, 334
- communities
287, 290, 295, 298, 301
- Signbank
293, 300–301, 306
- anaphora / anaphoric reference
219–240
- anecdotal evidence
70, 80, 85
- annotation conventions
9, 13, 69, 131, 165, 200, 250–251, 256, 289, 293, 300–301, 371–372
- annotation software
7, 9–10, 14, 69, 165, 194, 243, 289, 356, 370
- annotation tier(s)
7, 38–41, 43, 93, 96–97, 99, 104, 252–254, 313, 360, 362–364, 370
- automatic annotation
1, 9, 14, 17, 256, 353–354, 369, 374–377
- online annotation
13, 372
- antecedent clause(s)
109, 113–114, 125, 227, 230, 234
- Apparent Time Hypothesis223
- articulation (of manual signs)
44, 134–150, 157, 159, 162, 213, 263, 312–352
- plane(s) of
313, 334
; See also phonetics; phonology
- Asian SignBank (ASB)
5, 8, 17, 309–315, 332, 341, 343, 347–348
- ASB information structure
312–313
- ASB search function
309, 314–315
- Audience Design
15, 18, 66–67, 72–73, 81
- Auslan (Australian Sign Language)
4–6, 8–10, 12, 36, 49, 51–52, 54, 62, 71, 83–84, 163, 193, 224, 255, 287–289, 291, 306, 380
- Auslan Corpus
10, 12, 22, 69, 77, 189, 200, 245, 248, 251, 289
- Austin Principles of Data Citation
300, 303
- Austrian Sign Language (ÖGS).
8, 11, 102
- automatic sign language recognition software
8, 10, 17
- avatar(s)
1, 12–15, 202, 278–279
B
- Bavarian (language)
54–55, 60
- Belgian French Sign Language (LSFB)
12, 287
- Berkeley Transcription System10
- Black ASL
294, 298, 301
- Black ASL Project
294, 301
- blended mental space
158, 162, 186
- body (torso) movement(s)
3, 9, 105, 122, 124, 126–128, 131–133, 145–146, 148, 151–152, 155–156, 158, 163, 166, 168–174, 177–178, 180, 182, 184–186, 200, 223, 228, 375
- borrowing
48, 70, 73, 87, 94, 113, 323, 329
- Bouvet, Danielle
265, 267
- Brazilian Sign Language (Libras)
8, 51–53, 123–154
- Corpus
8–9, 12, 16, 123–154
- British National Corpus (BNC)
3, 14, 18
- British Sign Language (BSL)
5–6, 8, 11–12, 71–72, 83–84, 99, 106, 158, 222, 224, 244, 255, 287, 291, 318, 356
- brow actions
3, 11, 49, 98–100, 102–103, 107–108, 111–114, 127–129, 137, 145, 148–151, 180
- buoy
16, 126, 131, 137–139, 151, 374
C
- Canary Row cartoon
94, 107, 356
- cartographic data
206–207, 210–216
- Catalan Sign Language (LSC)
12, 16, 36, 46–48, 57, 126, 219–220, 222–226, 231–240
- Child Of Deaf Adult (CODA)
4, 91, 93–94, 132, 193, 242, 244, 248–249, 354, 356, 371
- child-adult interactions273
- citation forms
71, 169, 213
- class, grammatical
71–72, 76–78, 151, 228, 312, 362, 364, 373, 377
- grammaticalization (process)
103, 224
; See also conjunction; noun; part-of-speech annotation; verb
- classifier constructions
148, 152, 157, 159–162, 167–169, 175, 177–180, 182, 186–187, 219–223, 228, 230–231, 233–237, 265, 279, 323–326, 331–332, 347, 367, 374
- clause / clausal unit
133–150, 227
- clause boundary
43, 59, 105, 126–127, 145, 355
- clause negator
33, 35–37, 45–49, 54–56
- complex clause(s)
97, 125, 131
- concessive clause(s)
15, 90, 98, 109–110, 113–115
- conditional clause(s)
15, 31, 90, 97, 109–113, 115
- declarative clause(s)
32, 104
- information structure of
97, 105–106
- cleft constructions
103, 105
- cliticization
32, 47, 48, 113
- cochlear implant(s)
4, 53, 275–276
- collaboration
13, 164, 280, 287–308
- Communication Audio-Visual Archive (CAVA)12
- commutation test
315, 318, 321–322, 330, 347
- comparable corpora
14, 242–244, 251, 256
- compound sign(s)
77, 201, 251, 312, 367
- Computer Vision
18, 98, 100
- constructed action
69, 106, 146, 158, 166, 168, 180–181, 356
- conversation data
3, 39, 69, , 248, 263, 275, 278, 365–366, 368
- conversation analysis
353–354
- coordination
16, 76, 123–154, 373
; See also parataxis
- copular clause analysis103
- corpus access
12–13, 92, 237, 245, 255, 271, 278, 301
- corpus-driven research
1, 155, 184, 262–263, 276–277
- corpus representativeness
3–4, 10, 13, 94, 108, 145, 192, 194–195, 224, 289, 292, 300
- Costa Rican Sign Language12
- Creagest
5, 18, 262–263, 270, 273–277, 279
- Creagest-Acquisition corpus
273, 275–277
- Creagest-Dialogues Corpus
17, 273–274, 277
- Croatian Sign Language102
- Cross-Language Early Syntax Study (CLESS)293
- cross-linguistic research
13, 31, 37, 45, 69, 94, 102, 107, 127, 165, 187, 198, 224, 278, 316
- cross-modal studies
30–31, 48–49, 52, 56
- Cuxac, Christian
18, 263, 265–271, 275
- Czech Sign Language (CzSL)8
D
- Danish Sign Language (DTS)12
- Deaf community
1–2, 4–6, 13–15, 17, 66–73, 83, 86, 91–92, 124, 127, 130, 164–165, 184, 193, 196, 223–224, 248, 266, 269–270, 275, 280, 287–288, 297–298, 357
; See also language community
- deafblind(ness)
16, 242–243, 246, 248–253
- demographic data
4, 7, 66–67, 69, 74–75, 80, 84, 93–95, 132, 196–197, 248–249, 273, 275, 358, 365, 370
; See also metadata
- DGS (German Sign Language)
7–8, 16, 18, 35–36, 48, 57, 60, 106, 115, 127, 163, 192–197, 200–203, 205, 210–215, 224, 244, 275, 287
- DGS corpus (DGS-Korpus)
5–6, 11–12, 16, 192, 195, 200–201, 205, 215
- diachronic change
16, 71–72, 84, 220, 223–224, 236
; See also microdiachronic change
- dialogue data
42, 106, 158, 166, 274, 353–358, 365–370, 375, 377
- Digging into Signs workshop250
- Documenting Individual Variation in ASL (DIVA)294
- domains of use
129, 324, 329
- doubling
30, 44–45, 50–53, 55–56
- DSGS (Swiss German Sign Language)
3, 8, 18
- Dutch (language)
38–41, 46, 48, 61
E
- education: of deaf children
4, 55, 70, 83, 91–92, 125, 130, 145, 164, 194–195, 223, 236, 266, 275–276, 296, 312, 357
- of hearing L2 learners
1, 13, 16, 68–69, 97, 242, 244, 247–256, 315
- ELAN
7, 9–11, 38–39, 59, 61, 69, 77, 92, 96, 123, 126, 131, 165–166, 226, 228, 243, 245–247, 251, 271, 273–274, 276, 278–279, 293, 300, 356, 360, 364, 366, 368, 370–371, 375–376, 378
- elicited data
3, 5, 7, 10, 54, 59, 95, 97, 100, 103, 107, 110, 184, 197–199, 204–205, 209–210, 244, 249–250, 256, 264, 279, 289, 294, 299, 301, 356
- embedded clause(s)
100, 104, 125, 127–129, 131, 133, 135–138, 147
- endangered languages
10, 14, 291
- Endangered Languages Documentation Project
10, 12
- English(es)
32, 54, 72, 303
- Black English Vernacular (BEV)54
- Estonian Sign Language (EVK)
8, 11
- European Cultural Heritage Online (ECHO)
10–11, 243–244, 248–250, 254, 290–292
- Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale291
- eye: actions
3, 9
- blink
105, 111, 113–114, 122, 127–128, 131–132, 148, 153
- gaze
9, 11, 100, 105–106, 112, 126–128, 132–133, 145–147, 149–152, 155–156, 162–163, 166–187, 200, 223, 228, 267–268, 339, 356, 360, 362–364, 367–368
F
- Facial Action Coding System
98, 118
- facial expression(s)
12, 53, 99, 113, 127–128, 131–132, 143, 145, 148, 155–156, 162–163, 166, 168–171, 173, 175, 177–187, 194, 223, 228, 355
- facial movements
102, 127, 374
- filming standards for signed productions6
- fingerspelling
15, 66–89, 113, 129, 164, 251, 255, 298, 321, 326, 361
- system(s)
70, 75–76, 79, 82
- frequency distribution of71
- lexicalized fingerspelling
70–72, 77, 83–84, 324
; See also alphabet
- Finnish Sign Language
12, 107
- Flemish (language)
54, 62
- Flemish Sign Language (VGT)
12, 47, 51–52, 278
- French (language)
32–35, 271, 275–276
- French Sign Language (LSF)
11, 16, 103, 262–263, 266–287
- Frog, Where are You?
68–69, 85, 88, 225, 227, 248, 250
G
- Gallaudet University
17, 287, 294, 300–301, 303
- Gallaudet University Documentation of ASL (GUDA)
17, 294, 300
- generative grammar
15, 31–32, 264–265
- Georgian (language)
34, 60–61, 63–64
- Georgian Sign Language (GESL)
36, 47–49, 54, 57, 60
- German (language)
35, 73, 127, 194–195, 200–201, 205
- German Sign LanguageSee DGS
- gesture(s)
36, 123, 140, 142, 158, 178, 186, 203, 220, 224, 279, 295, 298, 323–324, 347, 363, 374
- co-speech gesture
36, 222
- Global Signbank
69, 310, 349, 362
- gloss / glossing
8, 40, 69, 101, 203, 208, 362–363, 370
; See also ID-gloss
- Greek Sign Language (GSL)
11–12
H
- Hamburg Notation System (HamNoSys)
8, 202–204, 211, 217
- hand: cube
319–320
- non-dominant
40, 126, 159, 313, 330–332, 319
- handshape(s)
3, 9, 11, 40, 44, 72, 160–161, 166–167, 175, 177, 179, 186, 203, 213, 253, 309–310, 312–332, 339, 343, 346–348
- contrastive
316, 318–319, 322, 326
- frequency distribution of
310, 317, 327–332
- non-contrastive
318–319, 322, 326
- head actions
3, 9, 15, 31, 35–36, 41, 43, 47, 59, 99, 111–113, 121, 126–133, 143, 145–158, 162–163, 166–186, 200, 222, 228, 353, 355, 360, 362–363, 368
- Hidden Histories project3
- Hong Kong Sign Language (HKSL)
5, 17, 35, 107–109, 127, 309–352
- Hungarian Sign Language (HSL)12
I
- iconic(ity)
10, 57, 158–159, 166, 168, 170–172, 175, 178, 181, 184, 186, 202–203, 207, 264–271, 323, 328, 338, 345–347
- transfer structure(s)
270, 278
- ID gloss
8, 38–41, 59, 69, 74, 165, 167, 202, 245–247, 252, 289, 293, 301, 310, 362
- identity, social
15, 66–67, 73, 85, 169, 298
- ideology / ideologies, linguistic
16, 262–269, 292, 295, 296–298
- iLex
7, 9, 194, 197, 199, 202–205, 211–212, 217, 243
- IMDI (ISLE metadata initiative)
6, 216
- INDL (Inventário Nacional da Diversidade Linguística)
123–124, 130, 153
- Indonesian Sign Languages
5, 309
- Institut d’Estudis Catalans
220, 224, 237
- interrogative(s)
90, 98–109, 115, 369
- intersigner variability
71, 81
- Iranian Sign Language (ZEI)
71, 83
- Irish Sign Language
8, 11, 52
- Irish Sign Language Acquisition Corpus253
- Israeli Sign Language
102, 127, 158, 224
- Italian (language)
37, 61
- Italian Sign Language (LIS)
11, 35–36, 57, 102–103, 107–109, 127
- Italian Sign Language corpus5
J
- Japanese (language)
231, 234, 362, 373
- Japanese Federation of the Deaf357
- Japanese Sign Language (JSL)
5, 10, 17, 309, 353–357, 362, 364, 370–382
- Dialogue Corpus of
353, 356–382
- Johnston, Trevor
4, 10, 36, 49, 51–52, 155, 158–161, 165, 167–168, 179, 193–194, 202, 288–289, 291
K
- Kata Kolok
11, 36, 224, 238
- kinesiological approach279
- Korean Sign Language corpus
8, 12
- Kufr Qassem Sign Language224
L
- L1 signers
164, 247–248, 293
; See also native signers
- Language Archive
69, 195, 245
- language community
17, 192–193, 223, 288
; See also Deaf community
- language contact
15, 66–67, 70, 72–73, 94
- language documentation
1, 10, 12–14, 17, 67, 85, 124, 194, 225, 243, 273, 287, 290–294, 298, 309–348
- learner corpus
195, 247, 257, 260
- lemmatization
8, 165, 202–204, 208, 213, 263, 310
- lexical databases
2, 5, 8–9, 11, 13–15, 17, 66–67, 69, 74, 131, 165, 194, 208, 225–226, 242–243, 247, 251, 253, 256, 289, 293, 295, 301, 309–311, 348, 362
- lexical sign(s)
74, 84, 114, 192, 202, 227, 263–265, 267, 274, 311, 317, 324, 326, 341–342, 374
- lexicalization (process)
311, 317, 346–347
; See also type
- lexicography
9–10, 13–14, 17–19, 92, 192, 194, 198, 205–206, 209–210, 215, 243, 274, 309, 311–312, 315
- lexicon, sign language
165, 321, 323–326, 329
- productive lexicon
160, 186, 202–203
- LibrasSee Brazilian Sign Language
- LISSee Italian Sign Language
- location (parameter)
3, 11, 72, 155–162, 166–171, 173–175, 178, 180, 182, 184–187, 213, 228, 233, 254, 279, 310, 313, 315, 332–339, 347–348
- arm
332–334, 336–337, 339
- body
167, 174, 332–333, 334, 336–338
- contrastive locations
333–334, 336, 339
- frequency distribution of
332–333, 337–339
- head
213, 293, 310, 333–335, 337, 339
- shift
155, 159, 162, 167, 169–186
- locative affix(es)
156–157
- longitudinal studies
248, 275, 292
- LSCSee Catalan Sign Language
- LS-Colin
262–263, 270–273, 277, 279, 282
- LSE (Spanish Sign Language)
11–12, 17
- LSFSee French Sign Language
- LSFBSee Belgian French Sign Language
M
- Mandarin (language)
234, 318
- manual dominant sign languages
35–36, 47
- markedness
63, 311, 316–317, 329, 338, 345, 347–348
- Max Planck Institute
6–7, 69, 271
- metadata
2, 5–7, 12, 95, 194, 197, 271, 278–280, 294
- metalinguistic explanation / knowledge
208–209, 271, 273, 299
- microdiachronic change
16, 219–237, 296, 300, 304, 325
- microdiachronic variation236
- mimetic representation
169–182, 186, 178, 180–181, 186, 264
- minimal pair(s)
315, 318–320, 333, 339, 348
- Mo Gård
246, 249, 255, 257
- modality,
visual-gestural/-spatial 16, 57–58, 110, 123–124, 126, 150–152, 202, 219–220, 222, 224, 231, 233, 235–239, 242, 244, 256–257, 264, 355
- morphology
7, 10, 16, 156, 158, 247, 264, 309, 311, 316, 323–325
- motion capture technology
14, 119, 256, 278–279, 353, 374–376
- Motivated Look at Indicating Verbs in ASL (MoLo)
300–302
- motivated space
158, 162–163, 170–173, 178, 181–182, 185–186, 188
- mouth actions / gestures
3, 9, 11, 114–115, 127, 137, 144, 156, 166, 201, 356, 360, 363–364
- mouthing
11, 31, 38–40, 53, 61, 69–70, 72, 97, 111, 164, 166, 194, 201–203, 208, 242, 245, 253–255, 298, 363, 366–367
- movement (phonological parameter)
3, 11, 44, 47, 72, 155–162, 166–187, 203, 213, 251, 279, 310, 313–315, 339–348, 374
- frequency distribution of
342–346
- multilingual(ism)
10–11, 15, 66–67, 69, 72–73, 86, 165
- multimodal communication
73, 353–356, 360, 369, 377–378
- interaction studies
353–354, 356
- Myanmar Sign Language(s)
5, 309
N
- narrative retellings
5, 37, 10–11, 68–69, 85, 94, 97, 100, 107, 127, 164, 168, 173, 175, 224–225, 227, 233, 237, 248–250, 254, 269, 271, 278, 294, 299, 356, 365, 367–368
- third-person narration
168–186
- National Inventory of Libras
123, 130–131
- National Inventory of Linguistic DiversitySee INDL
- National Technical Institute for the Deaf300
- native signer(s)
3–4, 7, 10, 37, 68–70, 94, 100, 130, 193–196, 242–243, 248–249, 275, 289, 295–297, 353, 355–357, 362, 364, 370–371, 377–378
- natural language processing
293, 370
- naturalistic data
107, 155, 164, 184, 225, 299–300
- negation
15, 30–65, 129, 133, 140, 143, 145, 150, 164, 245
- double negation
32, 34, 54
- manual negator(s)
15, 30, 32–37, 39–42, 45–53, 55–56, 59–60
- nonmanual negative marker(s)
35–36, 43, 47, 51, 60
- negative particle(s)
31–32, 34–35, 47, 325, 347
- negative polarity
31, 48–49, 58
- negative concord (NC)
15, 30–65
- frequency distribution of
57–58, 60
- language
33–34, 37, 47, 53, 60
- neutral space
124, 151, 156, 166–167, 174–175, 177–178, 182–185, 187, 332–334, 336, 338–339, 347
- New Zealand Sign Language (NZSL)
3, 8, 71, 83, 163, 193
- NGT (Sign Language of the Netherlands)
3, 6, 10–12, 15, 30–31, 36–43, 45–56, 59–65, 103, 106–109, 115, 224, 244, 287, 291
- Corpus NGT
15, 30–31, 37–38, 40–43, 49, 54–55, 59–62, 106, 117
- Nicaraguan Sign Language224
- non-tokens
204, 208–209, 212, 218
- Norwegian (language)
77, 79
- Norwegian Sign Language (NTS)
12, 15, 66–89, 246–247, 257
- Norwegian Signbank
15, 66, 69, 74
- notation system(s)
8, 202, 310
- noun(s)
72, 76–82, 157, 159, 167, 179, 219–221, 228–229, 231–239
- null arguments
16, 162–163, 168, 170–178, 180, 182–186, 221, 228
Ö
- ÖGSSee Austrian Sign Language
O
- orientation (parameter)
3, 11, 156, 159–162, 179, 186, 188, 207, 213, 310, 313, 339–340, 344–346
- Osugi, Yutaka
17, 351, 356
P
- PALM-UP
43, 46, 51, 113, 129, 131, 137, 139–140, 142, 149, 151
- Parallel Corpus of Tactile Norwegian Sign Language and Tactile Swedish Sign Language
246–247
- part-of-speech (POS) annotation
9, 87, 369–374
- pauses
127–128, 131, 148, 152, 251
- perceptual salience
339, 345–347
- Philadelphia Signs
294, 298
- phonetics
8, 309–315, 317–318, 336, 355
- phonological parameters: frequency distribution of
310, 315–318, 320–323, 326–333, 336–350
- phonology
7, 10, 247, 263–264, 309–351
- phonological neighborhood295
- pointing (sign)
3, 9, 79, 87, 126, 128–129, 131, 137–138, 151, 158, 228, 231, 233–235, 279, 358, 361–362, 369, 373
- Polish Sign Language (PJM)
11, 287
- predicate(s)
43, 49, 101, 157, 160–161, 279, 323
; See also verbs
- pronoun(s)
53, 72, 100, 156, 168, 221, 228, 231, 233–234, 236–237, 277, 362, 369, 373
- prosodic boundary
123, 149, 151
- Prosodic Model
8, 17, 309–313, 332–333, 349
- psycholinguistic research
295, 299
R
- Radboud University
11, 61, 69
- referential / referent(s)
57, 85, 107, 128–130, 133, 139, 147, 152, 158, 162–163, 168–169, 171, 174–175, 178, 180, 187, 219–224, 227, 231–240, 254, 362
- strategy
228, 230
; See also anaphora
- reference corpus
3, 7, 130, 200, 220, 224, 236
- regional distribution
75, 80–82, 97, 192, 196, 199, 207, 211–215
- distribution map(s)
206–207, 213
- relative clause(s)105See also embedded clauses
- repair sequence, other initiated369
- role-shift
16, 97, 106, 127–128, 131, 146–148, 151, 155, 158, 162–163, 168, 170, 173–174, 176–178, 180–188, 219–220, 222–223, 227–228, 230–231, 233–237, 268
- Russian Sign Language (RSL)
3, 12, 15, 35–37, 47, 57, 90–119, 163, 222
S
- Schembri, Adam
10, 14, 71, 84, 289, 356
- segmentation
152, 200–201, 251, 253, 353–355
- semantics
7, 143, 222, 372
- Semiological Approach
262–263, 267–270, 276–278, 283
- Shanghai Sign Language310
- sign language interpreting
13–14, 18, 91–92, 164, 187, 194, 200, 249
- Sign Language of the NetherlandsSee NGT
- Signbank(s)see lexical database(s)
- Signes en Famille project278
- signing space
57, 126, 138, 146, 156, 158, 160, 162, 227, 246, 253, 293, 313, 332, 354, 361
- Signs of Ireland Corpus
10–11
- sign-writing contact
15, 66
- SIMON (Sharing Interpreting Materials Online)14
- single manual letter signs (SMLS)
72, 84
- SLAAASh (Sign Language Acquisition, Annotation, Archiving and Sharing Project)293
- Slovene Sign Language (SZJ)12
- SOAS Endangered Languages Documentation Archive12
- sociolinguistic: factor(s)
31, 45, 52, 54–55, 73, 80, 86, 94, 199, 266, 272, 276, 280, 296–298
- profile(s)
2–3, 15–17, 66–67, 71, 84, 91, 129, 196, 246
- Sociolinguistic Variation in Auslan Project10
- Sociolinguistic Variation of ASL
294, 301
- South African Sign Language (SASL)
3, 12, 16, 155–157, 161–167, 170, 178, 182–184, 187
- Spanish Sign LanguageSee LSE
- Sri Lanka Sign Language(s)
5, 309
- Stokoe, William
8, 263, 266, 310
- structuralism
264–265, 268
- subordination
110, 125, 127, 133, 144, 373
; See also embedded clause(s)
- Swedish (language)
72, 370
- Swedish Sign Language (STS)
11–12, 16, 71–72, 242–261, 291, 370
- corpus
25, 244–250, 254–257
- Swiss German Sign LanguageSee DSGS
- synonym(s)
192, 206–208, 210, 212
T
- tactile sign language
16, 242, 246, 246–256
- technologies, computer
98, 100, 255–256, 291
- The Snowman
69, 87, 248, 258
- The Tortoise and the Hare250
- topic, discourse
5, 7, 14, 37, 68–69, 73, 90–91, 94–95, 98, 107–109, 130, 163, 170, 171, 174–175, 183, 187, 197, 223–225, 235, 354
- topic marking
15, 90, 106–109, 111, 115, 170
- topic-prominent language(s)109
- transcription
7–8, 10, 132, 165, 194–195, 202, 208, 266, 268–269, 378
- translation (tier)
7–8, 13–14, 38–39, 41–42, 59, 69–70, 95, 96, 98, 115, 131, 165–166, 195, 200–201, 205, 209, 226, 243–245, 248, 251, 271, 299, 301, 312, 362, 366, 373
- Translational English Corpus (TEC)14
- Tunisian Sign Language278
- Turkish (language)
11, 33–34, 61, 65
- Turkish Sign Language (TİD)
11–12, 47, 57
- turn-taking
17, 88, 106, 251, 353–354, 367–369
- two-handed sign(s)
40, 43, 311, 313, 330–332, 334
- type
201–202, 206, 208, 309, 312
- frequencies
315, 317, 326, 328, 347
; See also lexical signs
U
- Ugandan Sign Language (UgSL)
12, 180, 190
- University of Hamburg
7, 192, 194
- utterance unit(s)
17, 227, 353–356, 360–371, 374, 376–378
V
- variation: lexical
39, 41, 45, 50, 55–56, 198, 200, 206, 211, 213–215, 253, 255, 298, 310, 322
- phonological
204, 206–207, 213–215, 252
- regional
7, 16, 54–56, 60, 71, 84, 93, 108, 115, 192, 205–218, 225
- sociolinguistic
10–11, 13, 16, 55, 60, 71, 80, 294, 298, 301
- verb(s)
16, 31–36, 46, 48–51, 54, 58, 64, 76, 139, 148, 151, 155–191, 245, 350, 367, 372–373
- agreement
155–163, 169, 172–175, 177, 181–187
- body-anchored
156, 159–160, 162, 168, 170–171, 173, 181–187
- depicting
16, 129, 155, 160–161, 167–169, 178–187, 253, 255, 268, 356, 367, 374
- indicating
62, 158, 160–163, 166–167, 184–185, 300–301, 305
- motion
155, 161, 168–169, 175–178, 181–182, 184–187
- plain
155–156, 158, 160–163, 166–171, 173, 183–185
- spatial
156–162, 167, 175
- transitivity of
160, 163, 171, 173, 177–178, 183–186, 245, 254
- VGTSee Flemish Sign Language
- visual signing
16, 242, 244, 248–252, 255–256
W
- web-based research
13–14, 255, 291, 294, 311, 315
Z
- ZEISee Iranian Sign Language
- Zipf’s law
326, 328–329, 331–332, 337–339, 346–347