This chapter investigates variation in the verbal language of 640 North American movies released between 1930 and 2010, taking into account situational variables such as movie genres, year of release in the United States, public and critic ratings, movie length, directors, movie studios, nature of the script (original/adapted), as well as awards/nominations received. A Multi-Dimensional analysis proposes seven dimensions of variation for the register and uses the identified situational variables to partially explain the variation found within the register across the years. The results indicated that movie genres, year of release, movie length, nature of the script, and awards/nominations received are the variables that account for the variation observed.
Al-Surmi, M. (2012). Authenticity and TV shows: A multi-dimensional analysis perspective. Tesol Quarterly, 46(4), 671-694.
Altman, R. (2009). Film/genre. Houndmills: Palgrave MacMillan.
Alvarez-Pereyre, M. (2011). Using Film as linguistic specimen: Theoretical and pratical issues. In R. Piazza, M. Bednarek, & F. Rossi (Eds.), Telecinematic discourse: Approaches to the language of films and television series (pp. 47-68). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Androutsopoulos, J. (2012). Introduction: Language and society in cinematic discourse. Multilingua, 31, 139-154.
Beaugrande, R.A. de. (1981). Introduction to text linguistics. New York, NY: Longman.
Bednarek, M. (2010). The language of fictional television. London: Continuum.
Biber, D. (1988). Variation across speech and writing. Cambridge: CUP.
Biber, D., & Conrad, S. (2009). Register, genre, and style. Cambridge: CUP.
Bordwell, D. (2005). O cinema clássico hollywoodiano: Normas e princípios narrativos [Classical Hollywood cinema: Narrational principles and procedures]. In F.P. Ramos (Ed.), Teoria contemporânea do cinema: Documentário e narrativa ficcional [Contemporary cinema theory: documentaries and fictional narrative] (pp. 277-302). São Paulo: Editora Senac.
Couvares, F.G. (2006). Hollywood, main street and the church: Trying to censor the movies before the production code. In F.G. Couvares (Ed.), Movie censorship and American culture (pp. 129-158). Boston, MA: University of Massachusetts Press.
Costello, A.B., & Osborne, J.W. (2005). Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: Four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 10(7). Retrieved from: <[URL]>
Dirks, T. (2013). Film history milestones by year. Retrieved from <[URL]>
Forchini, P. (2012). Movie language revisited: Evidence from multi-dimensional analysis and corpora. Bern: Peter Lang.
Grieve, J. (in press). A multi-dimensional analysis of regional variation in American English. In T. Berber Sardinha, & M. Veirano Pinto (Eds.), Multi-dimensional analysis 25 years on: A tribute to Douglas Biber. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Gómez, P.C. (2013). Statistical methods in language and linguistic research. Bristol: Equinox.
Halliday, M.A.K, & Matthiessen, C.M.I.M. (2004). An introduction to functional grammar. London: Hodder Arnold.
Hamilton, M. (2006). Goodness had nothing to do with it: Censoring Mae West. In F.G. Couvares (Ed.), Movie censorship and American culture (pp.187-211). Boston, MA: University of Massachusetts Press.
Hunter, R. (2011). Terror Gótico [Gothic horror]. In P. Kemp (Ed.), Tudo sobre cinema[This is cinema] (pp. 88-91). Rio de Janeiro: Sextante.
Kozloff, S. (2000). Overhearing film dialogue. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
McBride, J. (2012). Writing in pictures: Screenwriting made (mostly) painless. New York, NY: Vintage Books.
Musser, C. (2006). Passions and the passion play: Theater, film and religion in America 1880-1900. In F.G. Couvares (Ed.), Movie censorship and American culture (pp. 43-72). Boston, MA: University of Massachusetts Press.
Neal, S. (1980). Genre. London: British Film Institute.
Parker, A.M. (2006). Mothering the movies: Women reformers and popular culture. In F.G. Couvares (Ed.), Movie censorship and American culture (pp. 73-97). Boston, MA: University of Massachusetts Press.
Parodi, G. (2007). Working with Spanish corpora. London: Continuum.
Rey, J.M. (2001). Changing gender roles in popular culture: Dialogue in Star Trek episodes from 1966 to 1993. In S. Conrad, & D. Biber (Eds.), Variation in English: Multi-dimensional studies (pp. 138-156). London: Pearson Education.
Schneider, S.J. (Ed.). (2008). 1001 filmes para ver antes de morrer [1001 movies you must see before you die]. Rio de Janeiro: Sextante.
Stam, R. (2006). Introdução à teoria do cinema [Introduction to cinema theory]. Campinas: Papirus Editora.
Veirano Pinto, M. (2013). A linguagem dos filmes norte-americanos ao longo dos anos: Uma abordagem multidimensional [The language of North American movies over the years: A multi-dimensional study]. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation), Catholic University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
White, M. (1994). Language in job interviews: Differences relating to success and socioeconomic variables. (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation), Flagstaff, AZ: Northern Arizona University.
Wollen, P. (1997). An alphabet of cinema: 26 responses to a self-interview. Point of Contact, 5(1), pp. 5-17.
Xavier, I. (2008). O discurso cinematográfico: A opacidade e a transparência [Cinematographic discourse: Opacity vs. transparency]. São Paulo: Paz e Terra.
Sardinha, Tony Berber, Carlos Kauffmann & Cristina Mayer Acunzo
2014. A multi-dimensional analysis of register variation in Brazilian Portuguese. Corpora 9:2 ► pp. 239 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 23 september 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.