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Part of
Applications of Pattern-driven Methods in Corpus Linguistics
Edited by Joanna Kopaczyk and Jukka Tyrkkö
[Studies in Corpus Linguistics 82] 2018
► pp. 277–310

Chapter 11
Blogging around the world

Universal and localised patterns in Online Englishes

| University of Glasgow
| Linnaeus University Växjö
The borderless nature of blogging raises the question whether the traditional regionally defined varieties of English continue to hold true (see Crystal 2011). In order to investigate the extent to which the language published online without external intervention is similar around the world, this chapter investigates repetitive patterns, or 3-grams, found in blogs in the 583-million-word GloWbE corpus (Davies 2013). The data shows two types of repetitive word sequences: universal, or those that are frequent in all or most of the nineteen geographic locations represented in the corpus, and localised, or those unique to specific regions. We explore multiple ways of approaching the regional distribution of universal and localised 3-grams, such as statistical similarity measures (Jaccard coefficient and hierarchical clustering) and network visualisations. Three correlated research issues are addressed by this study: (1) the ratio of 3-grams in blogs from various World Englishes, which will shed light onto the degree of formulaicity in Web Englishes around the world; (2) the overlaps between various locations in terms of preferred sequences, which may point to local or global standardization hubs on the level of sentence and text construction; (3) finally, the status of model-providing varieties for internet communication, especially American English, in view of the most frequent 3-grams from other locations (cf. Mair 2013).
Keywords: World Englishes, blogs, GloWbE, hierarchical clustering, Gephi plot
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Background
    • 2.1World Englishes vs Online English(es)
      • 2.1.1 Kachru’s (1982) concentric circles
      • 2.1.2 Schneider’s (2007) Dynamic-Evolutionary model
      • 2.1.3 Mair’s (2013) World System of Englishes
    • 2.2Blogs as an Internet genre
  • 3.Material
    • 3.1The GloWbE corpus
    • 3.2Retrieving patterns: N-grams and lexical bundles
  • 4.Methods and findings
    • 4.1Finding similarities
      • 4.1.1Regional binary similarities: Jaccard coefficient
      • 4.1.2Hierarchical clustering
      • 4.1.3Digging deeper, exploring further: Network visualisation
    • 4.2N-grams in World Englishes
      • 4.2.1Corpus inquiries into linguistic areas
      • 4.2.2Universal and localised types
      • 4.2.3Zooming in on the Inner Circle
  • 5.Back to World Englishes and Online Englishes
  • Notes
  • References
  • Appendix
Published online: 13 March 2018
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/scl.82.11kop
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