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Part of
In Search of Basic Units of Spoken Language: A corpus-driven approach
Edited by Shlomo Izre'el, Heliana Mello, Alessandro Panunzi and Tommaso Raso
[Studies in Corpus Linguistics 94] 2020
► pp. 433–440

Index

A

  • accent 40, 43–47, 49–54, 150–151, 259, 342, 350, 365, 368–370, 372–374, 377
    • accent(ual) phrase 138–139, 158, 163, 327–331, 334, 336
    • discourse accent 20, 35, 40, 367–368, 377
    • primary (discourse) accent 40, 42–49, 51–52, 54, 56–58, 60, 65, 370–372, 377, 379–382, 406
    • secondary accent 44, 46, 49, 101
  • address 50, 169 ; see also vocative
  • addressant65 see also hearer, listener
  • addressee 65, 130, 135, 137, 181–185, 189, 195–198, 201, 203, 205–206, 208, 210, 212, 218–219, 269, 273, 384–386, 388–390 ; see also hearer, listener
  • adjunct 5, 43, 83, 134, 140, 142–143, 371
  • allocution50 see also vocative
  • aphasia 22, 257–280
  • appeal 80, 83, 98, 356
  • appendix 183, 231, 319, 385, 390–391
  • Approche Pronominale (pronominal approach) 20, 127, 129, 133, 406
  • automatic segmentation / automatic detection of boundaries/speech breaks 10, 19, 22, 285–299, 310

B

  • backchannel 90, 97, 112, 160, 162–164, 169, 176, 287, 360
  • boundary 7–15, 24, 79–81, 93, 99, 147, 156, 158, 160–164, 172–177, 185, 287–288, 290, 292–293, 297, 304, 309–316, 318–320, 334, 338–340, 360, 368, 372, 384, 404–405
    • acoustic boundary163
    • contour138
    • detection see automatic segmentation
    • LUU (long utterance-unit) boundary 167–168, 171, 174, 177, 360–361, 408
    • macrosyntactic boundary 137, 140, 333
    • major boundary 79–82, 95–96, 99, 102, 146, 338, 341, 405
    • marker/marking 286, 297
    • minor boundary 79–81, 95, 97–98, 99, 101–102, 338, 332, 405
    • non-terminal boundary see non-terminal: non-terminal boundary
    • pause see pause: boundary pause
    • perception 7–9, 11–13, 23, 226, 309, 312–314, 316, 318, 320
    • pragmatic boundary 156, 163
    • pre-boundary lengthening 14, 226
    • prosodic/intonational boundary 9, 12, 21, 23, 79, 82, 87–88, 137, 140, 146–147, 151–152, 155, 163, 176, 186, 221, 226, 234, 285, 288, 293, 310–311, 313–315, 338, 404–408, 412, 427
    • realization 11–12
    • recognition79
    • sentence boundary 112–115, 155, 159, 286–287, 289, 299, 342
    • strength15
    • SUU (short utterance-unit) boundary 168, 174–175, 177, 360–361, 409
    • syllable 15, 312
    • syntactic boundary 21, 156, 163–164, 177, 360, 405–406, 412
    • terminal boundary see terminal: terminal boundary
    • tone 12, 14, 79, 81, 95–98, 102, 158
    • utterance boundary 21, 155, 163, 181, 186, 226, 250, 286–288, 341–342, 359–360
    • word boundary 157–158, 164, 176, 287
  • break 7, 10, 14–15, 22, 111, 125, 156, 158, 164, 176, 186, 222, 285–286, 288, 293, 295, 297–298, 311–312, 316, 361, 411–420, 427–428
    • non-terminal break see non-terminal: non-terminal break
    • prosodic break 142, 151, 186–187, 189, 234 238, 286, 293, 305, 315, 365, 385, 388, 392, 403–407, 410–411, 420, 424, 427–428
    • terminal break see terminal: terminal break
  • Brazilian Portuguese 3–5, 19, 22, 200, 202, 221–256, 285–286, 288–289, 318

C

  • CA see Conversation Analysis (CA)
  • cataphor
    • cataphoric 56, 58, 378
  • CHAT 190, 410
  • clause 4–6, 16–17, 26, 42–43, 46, 66, 68–69, 77, 83–94, 99, 101–102, 105, 107–108, 112, 116–128, 130, 133–136, 140–143, 159, 164, 176, 179–180, 184–185, 251, 253, 256, 263–264, 267, 269–280, 341–342, 346, 361, 364
    • adverbial clause 22, 221–222, 228, 234–249
    • Base clause 43, 371
    • clausal EDU 42, 368, 380–371
    • cluster 92–94, 101
    • complex 94, 127 ; see also clause: coordinate clause
    • coordinate clause 360–361, 392 ; see also clause: clause complex
    • dependent clause 17, 22, 42, 221, 224, 234, 248 ; see also clause: subordinate clause
    • independent clause 17, 129
    • main clause 17, 22, 42, 57, 90, 130–131, 136, 142, 223–224, 228, 234, 236–241, 243–248, 267, 360–361
    • matrix clause 43, 112, 223, 236, 343, 371
    • relative clause 4, 17, 64, 89, 101, 228, 371
    • subordinate clause 17, 90, 131, 134, 142, 223–224, 228, 234, 237, 239, 240, 267, 361, 372, 392 ; see also clause: dependent clause
    • unipartite clause 83, 85–86, 89–90, 342
    • unit (CU) 156–163, 165–166
  • clinical linguistics 19, 22, 257–284
  • Closure Positive Shift (CPS)12
  • cluster 162–163
    • analysis 156, 162
    • clause cluster 92–94, 101
  • co-construction 46–47
  • cognition 18, 177, 181–182, 360, 398, 400–401
    • cognitive(ly) 4, 16, 19–20, 22, 37, 61, 87, 110, 125, 156, 167, 176–177, 182, 197, 201, 243, 268–269, 273, 280, 318, 369–370, 408
  • comma, comma intonation 12, 45, 54–55, 108, 350, 371–372, 414–416
  • comment 86, 89, 114, 124, 361
  • Comment 21, 181, 183–184, 187–188, 190–191, 199, 203, 208–211, 218, 230–233, 239–243, 319, 383–386, 390–391
  • complement 43, 223
    • clause112
    • complementizer 223, 239
    • construction372
    • deferred complement334
    • superclausal complement construction371
  • completion 44, 46, 156, 159–160, 173
    • point 82, 168, 172–174
    • prosodic completion102
  • compound utterances 45, 142–144, 243
  • comprehension and production260 see also production and comprehension
  • connective 136–137, 144, 394
    • discourse connective 136–137, 144, 224
  • connector 190, 237
    • discourse connector 231, 319, 386
  • continuity 10, 16, 44, 80–81, 96, 102, 319, 370, 377–378, 412, 431
    • continuing 226, 340, 342, 350 ; see also non-terminal
  • Conversation Analysis (CA) 17–18, 20, 37, 75, 174–175, 192
  • corpus-based approach2
  • corpus-driven approach/research 2–3, 19, 185, 212, 299, 384, 393, 421
  • corpus-driven classification of information190
  • CPS see Closure Positive Shift
  • creaky voice 9, 40, 47, 286, 314, 349, 382
    • filled creaky hesitation pause62
  • cross-linguistic 19, 22, 42, 186, 285–299, 343
  • CU see clause: (clause) unit

D

  • default incompleteness 51–56, 379
  • deixis 57, 188, 218
    • deictic 57, 208, 273
  • demonstrative 57, 371
  • dialog(ue) 8, 36, 155–157, 159, 162, 164, 166, 169, 172, 175, 177, 188–192, 194, 203, 227, 234, 296, 309–431
    • dialogic turn 184, 305, 386
    • dialogic unit/IU 231, 237, 243, 408
  • direct quote/quotation57 see also direct speech; indirect quote/speech; quoted speech/clause
  • direct speech 93, 431 ; see also direct quote/quotation; indirect quote/speech; quoted speech/clause
  • directive 48–49, 192, 194–195, 201, 205, 371, 389, 400, 431
  • discourse marker 60, 90, 99, 144, 160, 183, 231, 257, 269, 272, 343, 405
  • discourse unit 78, 80–82, 94, 101, 130–131, 134, 137, 140, 142, 144, 185, 258, 260, 267, 270, 368 see also elementary discourse unit (EDU)
    • discursive dependency 133–134, 248
  • disfluency 37, 61–65, 157–158, 342, 353, 368, 372, 411–413, 419, 431
  • downstep strategy 54–55
  • duration 9–10, 22–23, 29, 32, 38, 69, 156, 166–167, 199, 263–264, 285–293, 297–298, 309, 312–314, 319, 321, 328–331, 339, 343, 347–348, 357, 377–378, 405 ; see also length(ening); pause: (pause) length/duration

E

  • EDU see elementary discourse unit (EDU)
  • Elementary Discourse Unit (EDU) 20, 22, 35–74, 94, 256–284, 299, 367–378, 406, 409, 431
    • clausal EDU 42, 370–371
    • paraclausal EDU 20, 35, 43, 372, 380–382
    • subclausal EDU 20, 35, 43, 371–372, 379–380, 382
    • superclausal EDU 20, 35, 43, 371–372, 379–381
  • elucidation 56–58, 378
  • emphasis 50, 64, 175, 312, 323–325, 368
  • English 1, 3–6, 8, 10–11, 19, 23–24, 57, 64, 87, 155, 194, 197, 212, 222–224, 227, 231, 238, 285–288, 296–298, 303–431
  • ERP see Event-Related Potentials (ERP)
  • European Portuguese 19, 22, 227, 230, 285, 289, 318
  • Event-Related Potentials (ERP)12
  • exclamation/exclamative 50–51, 130, 138, 343, 371, 378, 431
  • expiratory pulse43
  • eyetracking recording36

F

  • f0 9, 11, 15, 40–42, 46–47, 52, 54, 58, 184, 189–190, 199–201, 204–207, 209, 211, 284–287, 297–298, 309, 312, 314, 316, 318, 323–325, 340, 350, 361, 372, 390, 394–395, 399, 405 see also pitch
    • contour 40–42, 286, 293
    • register64
    • reset 9, 226, 286, 314, 324–325, 385, 394–395, 399 ; see also pitch: (pitch) reset
  • fall / falling pitch/tone 44–45, 49–52, 54, 56, 58, 80–81, 83, 99, 102, 112–114, 116, 119–121, 125, 138, 199, 201, 205, 211, 247, 259, 274, 278–279, 286, 315, 318–319, 322–324, 327–328, 331–334, 340–341, 350, 352, 372–373, 379–382, 430–431
    • falling pitch accent 43, 46, 49, 51–52, 54–55, 58, 370
  • fall-rise 52–54
  • false start 61–62, 160, 259, 264, 269, 279–280, 372, 378, 382
  • filled pause see pause: filled pause
  • formulaic expressions279
  • formulaic utterances43
  • free unit 134, 232
  • French 3, 19–20, 22, 127–154, 183, 194, 222, 224, 227, 230, 235, 238–239, 285–299, 327–336, 341

G

  • gaze 50, 64–65, 169, 197–199, 205
  • generative linguistics/tradition 13–16, 184
  • genre 42, 258, 267, 270, 272, 280, 348, 357
  • German 12, 19, 22–23, 222, 224, 246, 285–299
  • gesticulation 36, 197
  • gestures 42, 50, 64–65, 131, 137, 407
  • grammaticalization 22, 118, 221–222, 224, 248
  • greetings and courtesy phrases 4–5, 95–96, 218, 405

H

  • hearer 4, 12, 112, 156, 160, 166, 168–173, 176–177, 340, 359–360, 362, 373 ; see also addresee; listener
  • Hebrew 3, 5, 19–20, 24, 28–29, 31, 42, 67, 77–105, 224, 288, 337–348
  • hesitation 60–62, 111, 357
  • holophrases 43, 372, 381–382

I

  • ideal delivery 39, 372
  • illocution 4, 22, 47, 49–51, 66, 102, 136, 181, 187–189, 192–196, 200–201, 208, 210, 221–222, 226–232, 241, 245–248, 268, 315–319, 377–378, 389–392, 409
  • illocutionary 55, 60, 131, 134, 137, 187, 242, 405–406
    • illocution-final 44–46, 50–51, 54, 56, 58, 370–371
    • illocution-internal 45, 370
    • illocution-non-final 45, 51, 55, 58, 370–371
    • illocutionary act 44, 46, 181, 188, 192, 195–196, 202, 384–385, 388–389
    • illocutionary chain 44, 370
    • illocutionary class(ification) 21, 181, 189, 195–196, 202–203, 212, 389
    • illocutionary force 130, 134–135, 137, 141, 152, 186, 192, 196, 199, 202, 212, 226, 228, 231–232, 246, 315, 318, 384, 392, 408, 412
    • illocutionary function 44–48, 371, 377–378
    • illocutionary nucleus 228, 317
    • illocutionary pattern 192–193, 319, 384, 386, 388–391, 407
    • illocutionary sequence 45, 55, 58, 227
    • illocutionary type 23, 51, 187–190, 192–194, 196–199, 201–205, 208, 210, 212, 368, 384, 387–389
    • illocutionary unit 130, 183, 226, 231, 240, 244, 246, 315, 317, 319, 409
    • illocutionary value 22, 187, 199, 202, 221, 227–229, 248, 317, 384, 386, 388
    • illocutionary variation 189, 194, 212, 384, 391
  • incompleteness 51–56, 81, 96, 378
  • increment 43, 45, 168, 172, 177, 371–372
  • indirect quote/speech57 see also direct quote; direct speech; quoted speech/clause
  • inexhaustiveness 58–60, 61
  • information module 77–105, 337–348, 430
  • information set see utterance
  • information structure 16, 77–78, 86, 183, 186–187, 212, 221–223, 225, 236, 241, 248, 255, 337, 361, 383, 390–392
  • information unit (IU) 14, 87, 95, 183, 185, 187–188, 199, 225, 231–234, 238, 240, 242–243, 310, 315, 317–318, 341, 383–386, 390, 392, 408–409 ; see also information module, utterance
  • inhale37
  • insert 99–101
    • insertion145
  • inset 63–64, 371, 379
  • insubordination 22, 90, 153–154, 221–256
  • intensity 9, 105, 107–110, 112, 199, 201, 205, 226, 285–286, 295–296, 309, 312, 314, 318–319, 323–325, 331–335, 342, 349–351, 353–354, 356–357, 369, 385, 390, 405
  • interaction markers 261, 268–270, 273, 280
  • interactional linguistics 16–18
  • interactive discourse 36, 47
  • inter-annotator/rater/transcriber (dis)agreement 8, 19, 23–24, 305, 310–311, 314–316, 320, 372, 403–429, 309, 411
  • interjection 45, 57, 130, 158, 160, 163–164, 176, 227
  • interruption 62, 152, 176, 286, 369, 411, 413, 419
  • intonation(al) contour 17, 22, 45, 79, 90, 167, 229–230, 274, 276, 339–341, 359–360, 372, 374, 412
  • intonation(al) group368
  • intonation(al) phrase 14, 136, 283, 285, 289, 364, 406
  • intonation unit (IU) 7–8, 13, 15–16, 20–21, 24, 40, 42, 79, 90, 108–112, 114, 117, 119–125, 156–158, 176–177, 225–226, 228, 231, 239, 286, 310, 312–313, 317–318, 320, 337–338, 349–357, 368, 406, 408
  • intonational parallelism see isotony
  • intonational unit see intonation unit
  • isotony 77, 95–96
  • Italian 19, 129, 185–186, 189, 202, 208, 212, 222, 227, 230, 238–239, 247, 322, 327, 384, 388, 393
  • IU see intonation unit; information unit

J

  • Japanese 19, 87, 155–180, 194, 197, 223, 359–366, 412

K

  • kinetic behavior 42, 65
  • kinetic communication channels37
  • kinetic modality64

L

  • L-AcT see Language Into Act Theory (L-AcT)
  • Language Into Act Theory (L-AcT) 21, 102, 181–219, 231, 234, 239, 309, 315, 383–401, 409
  • laugh(ter) 38, 64, 112, 369
  • length(ening) 9, 12, 14, 22, 60–62, 79–80, 109–112, 147, 157, 184, 199, 207, 209, 226, 257, 286, 288, 315–316, 331, 339–340, 343, 347–348, 353, 369, 372–373, 385, 394–395, 399 ; see also duration; pause: (pause) length/duration
  • level pitch/tone (accent) see pitch: level pitch/tone; level pitch/tone accent
  • listener 36, 58, 65, 80, 97, 117, 149, 151–152, 168, 269, 297, 305, 328–329, 331, 336, 365, 369, 380, 386, 404, 409, 415 ; see also hearer; addressee
  • long utterance-unit (LUU) 21, 44, 155–180, 359–366, 406–409, 412, 431
  • LUU see long utterance-unit (LUU)

M

  • macrolevel 263, 265, 267–268, 270, 274, 280
  • macrosyntax 21, 127, 129, 131–137, 140, 145, 147, 405
  • microsyntax 129, 131, 147, 239, 407
  • mirror-image 46, 51–52, 54, 370–371
  • monolog(ue) 21, 23, 36, 112, 127, 129–130, 141, 147, 151–152, 154, 157, 159, 305–431
    • monologic(al) 36, 38, 40, 141, 234, 305–431
    • monologic discourse 20, 36
    • monologic speech 8, 12, 23, 36
    • monologic text 23, 185, 194
  • multichannel 20, 35–37, 42, 50, 64–65
  • multi-party discourse 20, 35–39, 367–368, 373–374, 376–377
  • multi-party exchange369

N

  • narrative 19, 22, 45, 107, 134, 140, 144–145, 150, 155, 257–284, 289, 305, 364–365, 383, 388–389
  • neurolinguistic studies12
  • new quotatives57
  • non-terminal 135–136, 140, 328, 416
    • boundary 11, 14, 24, 226, 285, 288, 296, 305, 311, 313–316, 412
    • break 14, 186, 286, 289, 293, 311, 390, 405, 411, 413–416, 418–421, 427–428 ; see also continuity

O

  • onset see vowel onset
  • overlap, overlapping 15, 17, 38, 78, 85–86, 98, 160, 229, 311, 334, 355, 363, 369, 374, 376–377

P

  • packaging
    • information packaging 108–112, 187, 356
    • of new ideas355
    • prosodic packaging 92–93
  • pairwise agreement 404, 420–423, 425–428
  • paraclausal EDU see Elementary Discourse Unit (EDU): paraclausal EDU
  • paragraph see spoken paragraph; period (unit)
  • parenthesis, parenthetic(al) 145. 183, 231, 318, 383, 386, 391, 408
    • prosodic parenthesis 332–333
  • pause 10, 12, 17, 35, 37–39, 43, 62, 65, 79–80, 96, 108–114, 116–125, 156–158, 163–164, 176, 189, 226, 259, 261, 263–267, 274, 278–280, 286, 291, 309, 312–314, 339, 349–350, 354, 360–361, 365, 369–374, 385, 405–406, 412
    • boundary pause 37–40, 69, 369, 371, 373–375
    • filled pause 60–62, 69, 261, 280, 360, 372–373, 377
    • hesitation pause 60, 62, 372
    • length/duration 22, 109–112, 116, 119–120, 123, 257, 263, 274, 278–280, 287–288, 312, 314, 354
    • silent pause 9–10, 60–61, 263, 286
    • virtual pause10
  • peak 22, 42, 170, 285, 291–294, 297, 312–314, 348, 359
    • electric activity peak 12–13
    • pitch/f0 peak 41, 112, 116, 350, 361
  • period288
    • level period58
    • period intonation 46, 54, 238, 372
    • period punctuation mark 44, 108, 156, 350, 371
  • period (unit) 78, 146, 183, 368 ; see also spoken paragraph
  • phase 20, 35, 43–45, 65, 138, 367–368, 370–371, 377–378
  • phonetic measurement 312–314
  • phrasing 5, 8, 11–12, 23, 88
  • pitch 40, 43–44, 49–50, 52, 54, 80, 107–108, 120, 199, 359, 263, 331, 339, 342, 350, 354, 357, 361
    • accent 43–44, 46, 49, 51–52, 54, 370
    • contour 79, 81, 108–110, 239, 330, 334, 349
    • declination in pitch 110, 112, 116, 122, 124, 349–351
    • direction of pitch/pitch direction 40, 44, 46, 49, 51, 368, 370, 374
    • falling pitch/fall in pitch 43–44, 46, 49, 51–52, 54, 56, 58, 80, 112–113, 119, 121, 125, 328, 350, 352
    • level pitch/tone 58, 80–81, 342–343
    • level pitch accent43
    • movement 43, 163, 329 ; see also f0
    • pattern 14, 114, 330
    • reset 79, 108–110, 112–114, 116–122, 124–125, 238–339, 347–350, 352, 354, 360–361, 406
    • rise/rising pitch 44, 49, 51–52, 54, 58, 328, 351, 353, 356 ; see also f0: (f0) reset
  • Pomo 19–20, 107–126
  • Portuguese see Brazilian Portuguese; European Portuguese
  • postfix341
  • postnucleus 334, 341
  • posture65
  • pragmatic 11, 13, 16, 21–22, 66, 69, 85, 87–89, 102–103, 134, 144, 156–157, 159–160, 162–164, 172, 176–177, 179, 272, 274, 278, 281, 304, 315, 321–322, 383–384, 386, 388–391, 393, 407, 409
    • analysis 21, 181–219, 221–256, 388
  • pragmatics 6, 16, 19–20, 131, 156, 164, 176, 181–219, 221–256, 392
  • predicate 5, 77, 84–86, 88–90, 116, 125, 159–160, 168, 175, 223, 264, 267, 273, 342, 371
    • predicative nucleus84
    • predicative verb418
    • predicative words371
  • primary accent see accent: primary accent
  • production and comprehension 65, 280 ; see also comprehension and production
  • projector 51, 58
  • prominence 17, 43, 208, 232, 292–293, 297, 316–317, 341–343, 370
    • prominent pitch361
  • Pronominal Approach see Approche Pronominale
  • prosody 5–6, 13, 15–16, 18–22, 35, 39, 51–52, 58, 60, 64–65, 77–79, 81, 86, 90, 96, 107–108, 110, 112, 115–117, 119–121, 123, 125, 131–132, 137, 140, 146–147, 149, 151–152, 156, 164, 181, 183–187, 189, 197, 221–222, 224–225, 228, 232–233, 240, 244, 258, 260, 287, 304, 329, 337–339, 343–344, 367, 374, 384–385, 399, 403–405, 407, 413, 415, 427
    • prosodic boundary see boundary: prosodic/intonational boundary
    • prosodic break 142, 151, 186–187, 189, 234 238, 286, 293, 305, 315, 365, 385, 388, 392, 403–407, 410–411, 420, 424, 427–428
    • prosodic component 21, 127, 129, 132, 137, 147
    • prosodic contour 8, 22, 79, 95, 130, 134–135, 137, 152, 278, 280, 338, 341–342, 406, 409, 412
    • prosodic cue 22, 186, 222, 225–226, 232, 239, 248, 315, 338, 405–406
    • prosodic disjuncture 162–164, 174, 176–177, 360–361, 364, 407
    • prosodic features 4, 15, 50, 108, 189, 202, 212, 259, 280, 286, 318–319, 339, 386
    • prosodic group 7, 149
    • prosodic module 7, 20, 77–105, 337–348, 430
    • prosodic packaging 92–93
    • prosodic parameter 13, 17, 199, 202, 225, 279, 285, 319
    • prosodic phenomena 15, 20, 35, 37, 39, 64–65, 368
    • prosodic phrase 7, 108, 331, 349, 368
    • prosodic profile 22, 117, 188, 198–200, 202–203, 205, 208, 226, 244, 389, 392
    • prosodic prominence 43, 208, 232, 317, 341
    • prosodic segmentation 20, 43, 127, 280, 310, 403, 406, 415
    • prosodic sentence 107, 109–112, 114, 120, 124–125, 350, 355–356
    • prosodic set 77–105, 337–348, 430
    • prosodic structure 5, 13, 15, 19–20, 95, 107–108, 125, 137–140, 152, 327–331, 333–334, 336, 341–342, 383, 408
    • prosodic unit see unit: prosodic unit
  • psycholinguistic(s) 12, 176, 233, 291
  • punctuation 44, 50, 51, 55, 58, 60, 108, 110, 135, 187, 350, 371, 377–378, 412

Q

  • quoted speech/clause 57, 361 ; see also direct quote/quotation; direct speech; indirect quote/speech

R

  • rate343
    • articulation rate 312, 318, 323–325
    • speech rate 7, 9, 118, 139, 226, 329, 330, 332, 339
    • speed rate 205, 207, 211
    • syllable rate 339, 373 ; see also rhythm; tempo
  • reading 8, 12, 22, 225, 285, 288–289, 294–295, 387, 389, 400
  • reduction64
  • regulatory 78, 87, 90–91, 101, 340, 342, 355
  • repair 61–63, 91, 93, 101, 259, 279, 340, 372, 378, 431
  • repeat 91, 101, 175, 243, 340, 343, 362–363, 371
  • rhetorical structure114
    • Rhetorical Structure Theory 272, 370
  • rheme 40, 44, 49, 139
  • rhythm 107, 112, 114–115, 293, 309, 350, 357, 368, 405 ; see also rate; tempo
  • rise 43–44, 46–47, 49, 51–53, 58, 80–81, 83, 99, 138, 160, 199, 201, 207, 209, 259, 286, 290, 315, 327–329, 331–332, 334, 340, 343, 351–353, 356, 373
    • rising pitch accent 43–44, 47–49, 51–52, 370–372, 379–382, 430–431
  • rise-fall 45, 50, 52, 330, 332–334, 340, 343
  • Russian 19–20, 22, 35–76, 87, 222, 257–284, 367–382

S

  • scores transcripts 35, 38, 60, 71, 375
  • segmental module 77–105, 337–348
  • segmentation 3–5, 7–12, 18–19, 22–24, 42, 64, 77, 79, 127, 159, 221–222, 225–228, 230–231, 257–261, 263, 265, 267–268, 270–271, 274, 278–280, 285, 288–289, 291, 296, 298, 303–305, 309–312, 314–315, 318–320, 330, 336–339, 343, 349, 359–360, 367–368, 403–406, 410, 413, 415–416, 418, 420, 427
    • automatic segmentation see automatic segmentation
    • prosodic segmentation see prosody: prosodic segmentation
    • speech segmentation see speech: speech segmentation
  • semi-statements 47, 49–50, 60
  • sensorimotor/sensory-motor 21, 181–182
  • sentence 6, 15–17, 35, 55, 63–64, 88, 90, 94, 101, 107–110, 112–118, 120–124, 127–130, 132, 135, 137–138, 140, 155, 159–160, 172, 184, 186–187, 208, 222, 224–225, 248, 263, 267, 286, 288–289, 292, 327–329, 331–332, 334, 341–343, 350–351, 355–357, 367, 370
    • boundary see boundary: sentence boundary
    • prosodic sentence see prosody: prosodic sentence
    • spoken sentence 35, 45, 55, 94, 101, 226, 341
    • syntactic sentence 108, 110, 112, 114, 125, 355
    • written sentence 45, 370
  • short utterance-unit (SUU) 21, 44, 155–180, 359–366, 406–409, 412, 431
  • shortening9
  • silence 10, 35, 37–38, 120, 184, 286, 373, 377 ; see also pause: silent pause
  • SLAC database ix , 23, 303–305, 360, 362, 403–431
  • speech 1–13, 16–23, 35, 37, 39, 57, 61–62, 65, 80–82, 84, 88, 90–94, 107, 112, 128, 131, 135, 147, 156–157, 159–160, 166–168, 176, 182–189, 194–196, 203, 212, 221–222, 224–229, 231, 234–242, 245, 248, 258–261, 263–265, 273, 285–288, 290–291, 296, 304–305, 309–311, 315, 317–319, 327–329, 337–340, 343–344, 349, 355, 359–360, 365, 373, 383, 385, 387–391, 403–409, 411–412, 415, 418, 421, 425, 427
    • act 21, 102, 131, 136, 181–182, 185–186, 189, 195–196, 212, 225, 227, 237–238, 240–241, 245–249, 317, 383, 389, 409
    • rate 8–9, 138–139, 226, 329–330, 332
    • reported speech 188, 231, 242, 318–319, 387, 389–391
    • segmentation 1, 3–5, 9, 19, 23, 222, 226, 231, 310, 337, 343
    • spontaneous speech 8–10, 22, 110–111, 158, 185, 187–189, 194, 196, 208, 212, 221–222, 225, 227, 234–237, 239, 248, 286, 296–297, 304–305, 329, 344, 360, 388
  • split 64, 268, 371–372, 379, 431
    • utterances 99–101
  • spoken paragraph 7, 129, 136, 146, 151 ; see also period (unit)
  • stanza 45, 151–152, 185, 270, 315–319, 383–384, 386, 388–392, 396–397, 409
  • statement 3, 44, 46–51, 54–55, 114–115, 133–134, 142, 148, 152, 196, 287, 370–371, 431
    • semi-statement 47, 49–50, 60
  • storytelling 268–269, 271, 278, 280, 289, 364, 389
  • stress/stressed 12, 43–44, 90, 136, 139, 184, 204, 288, 292, 297, 327–333, 336, 351, 369, 373, 377, 406, 418, 431
    • group 7, 13, 24, 138, 293, 312–313, 327–328, 330–331, 406
  • stroke 42, 65
  • subject 4–5, 84–86, 89, 96, 116, 148–149, 208, 232, 342
  • substantive 87, 90, 99, 101, 340, 342, 408
  • suspension 97–98, 340, 343
    • suspended (units) 95, 97–101, 340, 343, 360, 431
  • SUU see short utterance-unit (SUU)
  • syntactic unit 6, 15, 17, 78, 84, 86, 88–89, 93–94, 101, 127, 129–130, 132–133, 140, 148, 159, 172, 341, 408

T

  • tempo 41, 47, 64, 80, 259, 368–369, 373, 406 ; see also rate; rhythm
  • temporal coordination65
  • terminal 186, 352, 416
    • terminal boundary 11, 14, 24, 226, 285, 288, 296, 305, 311, 313–316, 412
    • terminal break 14, 186, 231, 288, 298, 311, 384, 403, 405, 411, 414–423, 425, 427
    • terminal contour 108–110, 137–138, 140, 331, 334, 350, 356
    • terminal fall 112–114, 119–121
  • terminated sequence 11, 185, 192, 315–316, 384, 405–409
  • theme 40, 44, 47, 139, 149–151
  • ToBI 14, 158, 327
  • tonal parallelism see isotony
  • topic 5, 15, 30, 100, 116–118, 125, 143, 148, 152, 168, 183, 190, 210, 231–233, 239–241, 257, 272, 317–319, 343, 361, 385–386, 391, 404, 407
    • topicalization 114–116
    • topicalized 5, 83, 117, 125
  • transcript 18, 35, 37–40, 49, 58, 60, 64, 71, 149, 157, 234, 258, 261, 264–265, 268, 287, 305–306, 355, 372–374, 377, 386
  • transcription 43–44, 47, 51, 87, 129, 146, 186–187, 189–190, 204, 296, 298, 306, 350, 354, 360, 362, 367–368, 371, 374, 386, 410, 418–419
  • transition 2, 15, 168–171, 291
    • transitional continuity 44, 377–378, 412
  • Transition Relevance Place (TRP) 82, 102, 156, 169
  • TRP see Transition Relevance Place (TRP)
  • turn 8, 17–18, 23, 37, 47, 65, 82–83, 112, 131, 160, 166, 168–175, 177, 184–185, 189–190, 192, 207, 226, 237, 274, 286–287, 305–306, 313, 316, 339, 386, 388, 391, 410, 413, 417, 419–420
    • turn-taking 17, 36, 58, 169, 171, 192, 194, 274

U

  • unified tagset 305, 403–404, 411–412, 428, 430
  • unit 7–9, 11, 13–18, 23–24, 65, 78–79, 81, 86, 127–134, 152, 156, 168–169, 176–177, 183–184, 209, 226, 232–233, 260, 263, 285, 306, 312, 314, 316–319, 342, 344, 350, 363, 385, 390
    • antecedent unit 169–171
    • Basic unit 1, 7, 11, 19–22, 77, 86, 94, 101–102, 108, 155, 168, 172, 176–177, 257, 259, 263, 267, 280, 303–304, 328, 337–338, 349, 360
    • clause unit see clause: (clause) unit (CU)
    • Comment unit 188, 209–211, 384, 390
    • discourse unit 78, 80–82, 101, 130–131, 134, 137, 140, 142, 258, 260–261, 270, 341
    • Elementary Discourse Unit (EDU) see Elementary Discourse Unit (EDU)
    • idea unit 16–17, 167, 176, 185, 225, 360
    • illocutionary unit see illocutionary: illocutionary unit
    • information unit see unit: information unit
    • inter-pausal unit 156–158
    • interrupted unit 192, 388, 420
    • intonation unit see intonation unit
    • long utterance-unit (LUU) 21, 44, 155–156, 164, 166–177, 174, 176, 359–365, 406–408, 412
    • pragmatic unit 156–157, 160
    • prosodic unit 6–9, 15, 19, 21, 78–79, 94, 112, 137, 140, 142, 184, 187, 199, 304–305, 330, 338, 341, 343, 370, 385, 407, 412
    • reference unit 1, 11, 16, 18–19, 21–22, 181–186, 188–189, 192, 194, 212, 225–226, 304 315, 338, 360, 383–384, 386, 388–389, 392, 403–406, 408–409, 427–428
    • root unit 199–203, 211, 226
    • (micro/macro)syntactic unit 6, 15, 78, 86, 88, 93, 129, 132–133, 135–137, 139–140, 143, 149, 152, 159, 341, 407
    • short utterance-unit (SUU) 21, 44, 155–156, 164, 166–177, 359–361, 364–365, 406–407, 409, 412
    • (supra)segmental unit 15, 78–79, 89, 94, 338, 341
    • text unit 130–132
    • textual unit/IU 231, 385–386, 409
    • tone unit 7, 407
    • topic unit 210, 231
    • utterance unit 155–180, 359–360
    • VV unit 290–293, 312–313
  • utterance 7–8, 16–17, 20–21, 26, 43–44, 49, 77–78, 81–82, 85, 88–90, 94–95, 99, 101, 128–134, 136, 142, 144, 146, 152, 172, 181–189, 191–196, 198–199, 202–204, 206, 208, 212, 221–222, 224–229, 231, 234–246, 248, 258–259, 263, 267–268, 270, 279–280, 286–289, 291, 319, 338, 340–342, 363–365, 383–386, 388–392, 407–409
    • boundary see boundary: utterance boundary
    • complex utterance 315–317
    • compound utterance 142–144, 243
    • long utterance-unit (LUU) see unit: long utterance-unit (LUU)
    • short utterance-unit (SUU) see unit: short utterance-unit (SUU)
    • simple utterance 141, 244, 315, 317, 391
    • split utterance 99–100
    • suspended utterance 97, 360
    • unit see unit: utterance unit
    • verbless utterance 236, 306

V

  • video recording 36, 257, 261
  • vocal signal 37, 39, 61
  • vocalization 37–39, 377
  • vocative 43, 50, 341, 372, 378, 380
  • voice quality 309, 314, 405
  • vowel onset 22, 285, 289–291, 293, 295–298

W

  • wh-question62

Y

  • yes/no question 44, 47–49, 60, 370