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Part of
Growing Old with Two Languages: Effects of Bilingualism on Cognitive Aging
Edited by Ellen Bialystok and Margot D. Sullivan
[Studies in Bilingualism 53] 2017
► pp. 21–53

Chapter 3
How aging and bilingualism influence language processing

Theoretical and neural models

| California State Polytechnic University Pomona
| Penn State University

Healthy non-pathological aging is characterized by cognitive and neural decline, and although language is one of the more stable areas of cognition, older adults often show deficits in language production, showing word finding failures, increased slips of the tongue, and increased pauses in speech. Overall, research on language comprehension in older healthy adults show that it is more preserved than language production. Bilingualism has been shown to confer a great deal of neuroplasticity across the life span, including a number of cognitive benefits especially in executive functions such as cognitive control. Many models of bilingual language processing have been proposed to explain bilingual language processing. However, the question remains open of how such models might be modulated by age-related changes in language. Here, we discuss how current models of language processing in non-pathological aging, and models of bilingual language processing can be integrated to provide new research directions.

Keywords: Bilingualism, aging, neural models, language comprehension, language production
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Language processing in healthy aging
  • 3.Bilingual language processing
  • 4.Connecting models of bilingual language processing and language processing in healthy aging
  • 5.Merging bilingualism into aging: future research directions
  • Notes
  • References
Published online: 7 August 2017
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/sibil.53.03ros
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