Chapter published in:
Heritage Languages: A language contact approach
Suzanne Aalberse, Ad Backus and Pieter Muysken
[Studies in Bilingualism 58] 2019
► pp. 1–22

Chapter 1
Heritage speakers and heritage languages

Article outline
  • 1.1Introduction
  • 1.2Characterizing heritage speakers
    • 1.2.1Unofficial language
    • 1.2.2Language dominance shift
    • 1.2.3Divergent grammars and other possible effects of the dominance shift
    • 1.2.4Personal and cultural ties to the language
    • 1.2.5Age of onset and acquisition in a naturalistic setting
    • 1.2.6Are HLs community languages?
    • 1.2.7Summary
  • 1.3The contact scenario approach to HLs
    • 1.3.1Typical contact scenarios
    • 1.3.2An example: Turkish as a HL in Northwestern Europe
    • 1.3.3Evaluating the scenario approach
  • 1.4Overview of the book