Chapter published in:
Heritage Languages: A language contact approach
Suzanne Aalberse, Ad Backus and Pieter Muysken
[Studies in Bilingualism 58] 2019
► pp. 67–86

Chapter 4
Bilingual language use

Article outline
  • 4.1Introduction
  • 4.2Codeswitching and borrowing
    • 4.2.1Early stages: Just foreign content words
    • 4.2.2Intermediate stages: Diversified codeswitching patterns
      • Continued use of inserted content words
      • Insertion of chunks
      • Foreign discourse markers
      • Alternation
    • 4.2.3Shift stage: Development towards HL status in the narrow sense
      • Connection between codeswitching patterns and language maintenance or shift
      • The HL after the shift
  • 4.3Language change
  • 4.4Codeswitching in its social context
    • 4.4.1Does codeswitching represent a third language?
    • 4.4.2Languaging
  • 4.5Summary