The article discusses two claims about Heritage Norwegian in the American Midwest. One is that the Norwegian-speaking descendants of Norwegian immigrants speak an ‘archaic’ form of Norwegian. The other is that their language approaches the written Norwegian Bokmål standard, i.e., has moved away from the dialects spoken by original immigrants. Evidence from the lexicon and grammar help answer the questions in the title. The answer to the first question is partly positive, depending on what aspects of language are focussed on, while the answer to the second one is negative.
1986“Absence of V2 Effects in a Dialect of Norwegian.” In Scandinavian Syntax, ed. by Östen Dahl and Anders Holmberg, 8–20. Stockholm: University of Stockholm, Institute of Linguistics.
Annear, Lucas and Kristin Speth
This volume. “Maintaining a Multilingual Repertoire: The Lexicon of American Norwegian.”
Eyþórsson, Þórhallur, Janne Bondi Johannessen, Signe Laake and Tor A. Åfarli
2012“Dative Case in Icelandic, Faroese and Norwegian: Preservation and Non-Preservation.”Nordic Journal of Linguistics 35(3): 219–249.
Håberg, Live
2010Den preproprielle artikkelen i norsk. Ei undersøking av namneartiklar i Kvæfjord, Gausdal og Voss. Oslo, Norway: University of Oslo MA thesis.
Haugen, Einar
1953The Norwegian Language in America. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Haugen, Einar
1966Language Conflict and Language Planning. The Case of Modern Norwegian. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Hjelde, Arnstein
This volume. “Changes in a Norwegian Dialect in America.”
Holthe, Ane
2011Nynorsk i motvind: Skolemålsutviklingen i Gausdal etter 1950. Oslo, Norway: University of Oslo MA thesis.
Jenshus, Gunnar
1986Fronsmålet. Vinstra: Fron historielag.
Johannessen, Janne Bondi
2012“Har ru bursdag? Da ska re feires! Om isoglossene for r-initielle funksjonsord.” In Fra holtijar til holting – språkhistoriske og språksosiologiske artikler til Arne Torp på 70-årsdagen, ed. by Unn Røyneland and Hans Olav Enger, 183–195. Oslo: Novus forlag.
Johannessen, Janne Bondi, Joel Priestley, Kristin Hagen, Tor Anders Åfarli and Øystein Alexander Vangsnes
2009“The Nordic Dialect Corpus – An Advanced Research Tool.” In Proceedings of the 17th Nordic Conference of Computational Linguistics NODALIDA 2009. NEALT Proceedings Series 4, ed. by Kristiina Jokinen and Eckhard Bick, 73–80. Tartu: Tartu University Library (electronic publication).
Johannessen, Janne Bondi and Signe Laake
2012“Østnorsk som fellesdialekt i Midtvesten.”Norsk Lingvistisk Tidsskrift 30(2): 365–380.
Johannessen, Janne Bondi and Signe Laake
2011“Den amerikansk-norske dialekten i Midtvesten.” In Studier i dialektologi och sociolingvistik. Föredrag vid Nionde nordiska dialektologkonferensen i Uppsala 18–20 augusti 2010. Acta Academiae Regiae Gustavi Adolphi 116, ed. by Lars-Erik Edlund, Lennart Elmevik and Maj Reinhammar, 177–186. Uppsala: Kungl. Gustav Adolfs Akademien för svensk folkkultur.
Johannessen, Janne Bondi and Signe Laake
Forthcoming. “Eastern Norwegian as a Common Norwegian Dialect in the American Midwest.”Journal of Language Contact.
Larsson, Ida, Sofia Tingsell and Maia Andreasson
This volume. “Variation and Change in American Swedish.”
Lie, Svein
1984“Noen abstraksjonsproblemer i fonologien.”Norskrift 42: 1–11.
Nordgård, Torbjørn
1988“Omkring ordstilling i hv-spørsmål i norske dialekter.”Skriftserie fra Institutt for fonetikk og lingvistikk 33(A): 26–37.
Zuban, Yulia, Maria Martynova, Sabine Zerbian, Luka Szucsich & Natalia Gagarina
2021. Word order in heritage Russian: clause type and majority language matter. Russian Linguistics 45:3 ► pp. 253 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 16 november 2023. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
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