Phasal polarity in Tunisian Arabic
This paper gives a corpus-based descriptive account of the phasal polarity system (
still,
already,
not yet, and
no longer) in the Arabic vernacular of Tunisia. The aim is to broaden the
empirical foundations for cross-linguistic research in this domain, and to narrow the gap between typologically oriented and
philological research on Arabic varieties. Like many languages (
van Baar 1997: 118),
Tunisian Arabic has autochthonous expressions for the three concepts
still,
not yet, and
no longer.
still is primarily expressed via a construction < ‘has not ceased’. Despite its conceptual transparency, this
appears to be a cross-linguistically uncommon source.
not yet is expressed via the inner negation of
still, and
no longer via a construction < ‘has not repeated’. For
already, northern sedentary varieties have
borrowed from French (replacing an older autochthonous expression), whereas southern Bedouin varieties have a “gap” in their
system. The description further includes notes on the synchronic and diachronic variation of individual items, and functions of
these outside the realm of phasal polarity.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 1.1Subject matter and goals
- 1.2Phasal polarity
- 1.3Goals and scope of this study
- 2.Tunisian Arabic
- 2.1Geographic, demographic, and socio-linguistic background
- 2.2Data collection
- 2.3Previous treatments of PhP in Tunisian Arabic
- 2.4Typological profile
- 3.Overview of the Tunisian Arabic PhP system
- 4.The expression of still
- 4.1
māzāl
- 4.1.1Formal aspects
- 4.1.2Meaning and use
- 4.1.3Some functional extensions
- 4.2
bāqi
- 4.2.1Formal aspects
- 4.2.2Meaning and use
- 4.2.3Other functions
- 4.3The durative auxiliary q-ʕ-d/g-ʕ-d
- 4.4
l-taww(a)
- 5.The expression of already
- 5.1
Baʕda
- 5.1.1As an already expression
- 5.1.2Other functions
- 5.2
Dēžā
- 5.2.1As an already expression
- 5.2.2Other functions
- 5.3Other items
- 6.The expression of not yet
- 6.1
māzāl neg
- 6.2
māzāl (without an overt predicate)
- 6.3
bāqi neg
- 6.4“Bare” bāqi
- 6.5l-taww(a) neg
- 7.The expression of no longer
- 7.1
māʕād(š)
- 7.1.1Formal aspects
- 7.1.2Meaning and use
- 7.2
lāʕād
- 7.2.1Formal aspects
- 7.2.2Meaning and use
- 7.3
mā-māzāl-(š)
- 8.Conclusions and outlook
- Acknowledgements
- Notes
- Abbreviations and conventions
-
References
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