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Part of
Substance-based Grammar – The (Ongoing) Work of John Anderson
Edited by Roger Böhm and Harry van der Hulst
[Studies in Language Companion Series 204] 2018
► pp. 433–443

Subject index

A

  • ablative50, 54–55, 67–68, 132–138, 140–141, 153, 162–164, 174–176, 272–274
  • ablative (case relation) 132–133; , 135–138; , 140–141; , 153see also functor type: locative source
  • absolutive (functor type)13, 23, 30–42, 44–54, 58, 60–62, 64–65, 67, 70, 74, 81, 86–88, 102–111, 126n15, 138, 140–141, 146, 150–157, 208n14, 212–213, 213n21
    • free absolutive 38–39, 41–42, 65, 74, 86–88, 139–140, 150–152
    • obligatoriness of absolutive functor30, 33, 36, 40, 138–139; , 153, 155see also universality of abs principle
  • absolutive selection hierarchy155
  • accusative 44–52, 54–55, 58–63, 66–69, 110–111, 115n2, 128, 128n16, 134, 140, 155, 155n42, 158–159, 161–162, 172, 175–177, 227, 245
  • accusative language or (sub)system45, 47–50, 52, 54–55, 61, 66–67, 69, 110–111, 128, 140, 155
  • acquisition64, 237, 238–239, 250–252, 255, 370, 372–374, 376–378, 381, 391–392, 396, 396n12
  • actant28, 116, 131, 285, 288, 302–303
  • action23, 26, 30–32, 43, 55–57, 62, 82, 116n4, 117, 127, 135, 140, 142, 145–146, 160, 162, 174, 205n8, 312, 315, 318, 323, 369, 373–374
  • adjective20, 31, 37, 53, 69, 77, 88, 129, 149, 174, 210n16, 226–228, 231–236, 239, 242–243, 249, 251, 255–256, 275, 284–287, 290–293, 296n11, 297n12, 301–302, 327, 329–330
  • adjunction17, 180–181, 225, 228, 245, 251, 255–256, 341, 353–354, 405n27, 406n28, 409n36, 420
  • adjunctive dependency130, 275, 300–301
  • adposition9, 11–13, 45, 57–58, 67, 130, 156n43, 179, 182n66, 184, 272–273, 284, 296
  • adverb14, 35, 40, 53, 96, 120, 136, 136n26, 166n53, 174, 284–285, 291–292, 296, 296n11, 300, 302, 327
  • affricate376, 386, 387n1, 388–389, 393, 403, 406n28, 408, 412–413, 417, 421
  • agent(ive) (case relation)13, 28, 31–32; , 35–36; , 38, 46–50; , 53, 57, 64, 70, 81, 116, 119, 121, 121n10, 122, 124, 126, 126n15, 127, 128n18, 134–135; , 135n24, 137n27, 142, 206, 206n10, 208n13, 208n14, 209, 212, 221see also case relation: ergative; functor type: source
  • agentive 30–31, 35–38, 47, 64, 81, 102, 104–105, 116, 118, 122, 126, 128, 128n17, 135–137, 137n28, 142, 142n32, 144, 155, 205, 209, 210n15, 216, 233–234, 236, 239, 325–326
  • airstream353, 386, 416–417
  • alphabetic writing376, 397
  • alternation20, 145–146, 147n36, 161, 206, 206n9, 207–210, 221
  • amalgamation271
  • anticausative208n14
  • antipassive 49–52, 54, 104–110, 208n14
  • anti-principal neutralization 47–48, 63
  • aperture410
  • argument-sharing 139–140; , 151–152; see also control; raising
  • argument structure22, 27, 36, 97–98, 124, 145, 147n36, 150, 203, 208n14, 212, 214–215, 244
  • argumentation scheme 269–270
  • article172, 235–236; , 267, 271, 288n8, 291, 298see also determiner
  • articulation21, 29, 132, 137, 140–141, 339–341, 343–344, 348, 350, 386–387, 387n1, 388, 393–394, 395n9, 403, 408, 412–414, 416, 418–419, 419n52
  • articulatory gesture340, 350, 353–354, 358–360
  • Articulatory Phonology387, 396
  • articulatory plan387n2, 394, 400n22
  • aspiration376, 419n51
  • asymmetric relation262, 264–265, 272, 389n3
  • asymmetry30, 71, 262–263, 264n1, 265–266, 274, 281n7, 282, 299, 389, 403
    • (direct) constructional asymmetry 262–263, 265–266, 282–283, 299
  • ATR354, 410n40
  • attributive71, 81, 233–235, 248, 285, 291, 296n11, 302–303
    • attributive noun 233–235
  • autonomous14, 45, 90, 92, 97, 369

B

  • babbling377
  • back326, 348, 392, 392n7, 410, 413
  • benefactive/beneficiary (case relation)28, 32, 36, 41–2, 48–49, 57–66, 133
  • binary feature340, 348, 388, 396n13, 406n29, 412
  • biuniqueness271, 280, 280n6, 281
    • word-to-category biuniqueness271, 280, 280n6
  • bootstrapping problem377
  • branching392, 404, 418, 420, 420n54, 421
  • branching onset404, 420, 420n54
  • breathy voice353
  • byname226, 230, 233–236

C

  • c-command263, 280, 281n7
  • case 9–18, 22–31, 34–35, 40–43, 43n1, 43n2, 44, 44n3, 45–49, 57–60, 62, 64, 67–70, 72, 77–79, 110–111, 113–115, 115n2, 116, 116n4, 117–118, 120, 124n13, 126, 126n14, 126n15, 128, 128n17, 128n18, 129–131, 131n21, 131n22, 132–138, 140–141, 143–146, 149–155, 155n42, 157, 157n45, 158–159, 161–164, 166–168, 170n56, 171–174, 174n60, 175–176, 176n61, 177–179, 186, 218, 228–230, 244, 245–248, 250, 252, 253, 296n11, 300
  • case form59, 115n2, 126n15, 140, 168, 174, 178–179; see also ablative; accusative; dative; genitive; nominative; partitive
  • case grammar9, 13–17, 77, 114–115, 117, 125–126, 128, 130–131, 137, 145
  • case relation 12–13, 129, 150, 179see also CR
    • case ‘relation’/‘role’ as secondary/subcategorial functor feature 29–32, 45, 55, 69, 129–130, 137–138
    • ablative 132–133, 135–138, 140–141, 153
    • absolutive 30–31; , 33–42; , 45–54; , 58, 61–62; , 65, 67, 70, 74, 81, 86, 88, 102, 104, 106–111; , 138, 140–141; , 146, 150–155; , 208n14, 213see also functor type: absolutive
    • agent(ive)13, 30–31; , 35–38; , 47, 64, 81, 102, 104–105; , 116, 118, 122, 126, 128, 128n17, 135–137; , 137n28, 142, 142n32, 144, 155, 205, 209, 210n15, 216, 233–234; , 236, 239, 325–326; see also functor type: source
    • benefactive32, 36, 41–42; , 48–49; , 58–63; , 66see also functor type: locative
    • dative129, 141, 143–144, 148
    • ethic dative42, 64
    • ergative126, 132, 135–138; , 140, 144, 153see also case relation: agent(tive); functor type: source
    • experiencer28, 31, 33, 35–37; , 41–44; , 44n3, 46–49; , 50, 54, 57–64; , 66–67; , 69–70; , 88, 104, 141, 143, 143n33, 144, 147–148; , 155, 157see also functor type: locative
    • instrument(al)28, 31–32; , 43–44; , 51, 53–57; , 104, 116–117; , 133–135; , 135n24see also case relation: path; functor type: locative
    • locative 23–24, 28–33, 35–37, 41, 45, 47–48, 53–58, 60, 62–64, 66–70, 81, 88, 94, 96, 105, 129, 132–134, 134n23, 135, 138, 140–141, 143–144, 144n34, 145–149, 153, 175–176, 178, 213n21, 237, 300, 314
    • neutral see case relation: absolutive; functor type: absolutive
    • objective 115–116, 126, 153
    • path24, 28–29; , 31–32; , 55–56; , 134–135; , 143see also case relation: instrumental
    • patient28, 70
    • receiver32, 36, 41–42; , 59see also functor type: locative
  • categorial complexity 17–18; , 25, 68, 213, 246, 275see also polycategoriality; subjunction
  • categorial gesture340, 350–353, 355, 358–360
  • category
    • contentive/lexical category31, 75–76, 228, 272, 275, 283, 287, 289
    • empty category21, 26
    • mixed/second-order category212, 289, 291, 301
    • non-contentive/functional category31, 39, 52, 71, 74–77, 83, 130, 152, 228–229, 236, 238, 242–245, 247–248, 250, 252–253, 256, 272, 275, 280, 283, 285, 287, 298
    • primary category 227–228, 232, 234, 236, 240, 242, 244, 249
    • secondary category 225–229, 237–238, 240, 242–244, 246–247, 249–250, 253
    • (lexico-)syntactic category20, 26, 30, 37, 81, 92, 130, 130n20, 138, 142, 152, 212, 226, 237–238, 264, 273–275, 280–281, 281n7, 283, 285, 288–289, 295–297, 298n13, 301–302, 368
    • category vs. exponent 238–240, 244, 295, 296n11, 298–300, 302
  • categorial projection263, 264n1, 265–266, 272n4, 274
  • causality36, 174n60, 369
  • causative23, 37–38, 40, 42–43, 47, 54, 63, 65, 79, 81, 83, 87, 119–120, 121n10, 128, 132, 134–135, 135n24, 136, 136n25, 137n28, 142n32, 144n35, 150, 181, 213n21, 237, 279, 321
    • causative verb43, 47, 120, 128, 150, 213n21
  • central processor372
  • circumstantial 24–26, 28–29, 32, 35, 38, 41, 49–57, 65, 68, 75, 104–105, 107–108, 116, 116n3, 124, 134–135, 144n34, 156, 212, 252, 282, 285, 291, 302
  • click386, 414–415, 415n44, 415n45, 416, 416n49, 417, 420–421
  • cluster349, 352, 360–361, 387n1, 393, 405, 406n28, 409n36, 415, 415n47, 417, 420–421
  • coda19, 340, 352, 354, 358, 361, 404, 407, 411, 411n41, 416n49
  • coercion216, 329
  • cognitive linguistics119, 149, 174, 181–183, 183n67, 187, 311, 315, 319–320, 322
  • cognitive salience9, 70–75
  • comparator77, 242, 275see also non-contentive/functional category
  • competence 370–371
  • complement24, 30, 32, 39, 74, 85, 88, 103, 106, 121, 128–129, 131, 134, 142–143, 151–152, 212, 216, 243–245, 271, 274–275, 282, 285, 287–288, 296n11, 299–300, 302, 332, 401n24
  • complex case relation see CR
  • complex segment 386–390, 406n28, 408, 411, 420n54, 421
  • complex vowel418
  • complexity17, 25, 33–35, 40, 45, 61, 65–68, 72, 76, 79, 83, 385–393, 395–397, 402–403, 405, 409, 412, 412n42, 418–419, 421
  • component31, 75, 79, 137–138, 142, 142n32, 143–144, 147, 180, 212, 212n20, 281n7, 346, 350–353, 358, 375, 379, 385, 401
  • componentiality21
  • compound tone418
  • configuration93, 94, 116, 120, 124n13, 126
  • conjunction56, 91, 166n53, 170, 284, 291, 297, 298, 298n13, 318
    • subordinating conjunction291, 297–298, 298n13
  • connectionism379
  • consonant19, 234, 339, 341, 345–347, 351–353, 360–361, 368, 380–381, 386–389, 393, 395n9, 399n20, 400, 403n26, 405–407, 407n30, 408n31, 408n32, 409, 409n36, 409n38, 411, 411n41, 412–414, 414n43, 415–419, 419n51, 421
    • fortis consonant400, 407, 408, 417, 419n51
    • syllabic consonant345, 411n41
    • voiceless consonant 341–342, 351, 353, 376, 413, 419
  • constituency17, 28, 126, 129, 205, 261–264, 264n1, 265–271, 273, 275–278, 280–283, 290, 292–295, 298–299, 302–303
  • constituency graph/tree 264–265, 268
  • constitutive word 284–287, 296n11
  • constraint37, 115, 123, 130, 131, 131n21, 207n12, 218–219, 323, 327, 339, 345, 375, 385, 393, 396n12, 404–405, 409
  • constricted408
  • construction17, 22, 24–27, 33, 44, 46–47, 50–52, 54–55, 59–65, 70–73, 77–81, 87–89, 91, 104–107, 109, 117, 127, 129n19, 134, 148, 150–151, 153n40, 154, 156, 156n44, 161, 180, 202, 204n6, 207, 207n11, 208, 208n14, 210n16, 211, 216, 219, 244, 249–250, 261–263, 264n1, 265–267, 272–273, 276, 278, 287–288, 290, 292, 295–296, 299, 311, 315–316, 322, 326–330, 332–333
  • construction grammar22, 315, 316, 328
  • contentive31, 52, 75–76, 79, 83, 88, 130, 213, 228, 244, 246, 252, 272, 275, 283, 285, 287–289, 296n11, 298, 302
    • contentive category31, 75–76, 272, 275, 283, 287, 289
  • context26, 75, 80, 92, 93, 217n24, 219, 221, 240, 251, 255, 315–316, 320, 373, 392, 392n7
  • continuant 346–347, 350, 403, 412
  • contour segment412
  • contour tone410, 417, 418
  • contrast13, 40, 51, 78, 80, 343, 376, 393, 395–397, 399, 403, 408–410, 413, 416, 416n49, 418, 421
  • contrastive specification396
  • control111, 114, 123, 150–151; see also argument-sharing
  • convention365, 367–369, 373–374, 380–381
  • conventionalization22, 45–47, 55, 73, 90, 96, 302, 313, 316, 328, 365–368, 381
  • conversion18, 25, 53, 80, 82, 85–86, 88–89, 105–106, 142, 226–229, 231–242, 245–248, 250–256, 288, 301–302, 315, 317, 319, 321–322, 333
  • copredication202, 215, 218–219, 219n27, 220–222
  • coronal 346–349, 408, 408n34, 414–415, 415n44, 416–417
  • correctness 369–370
  • CR (case relation) 129–157
    • complex CR126n17, 130, 134, 136–137, 142–147, 150, 153–155
    • multiply-labelled CR130, 136–137; , 142–143; , 153see also case relation; functor type
  • creaky voice386, 419
  • cumulative exponence 227–228, 250, 271, 280, 283
  • CV syllable360, 387, 404

D

  • d(ependency)-command281
  • dative36, 42, 44n3, 48–49, 57–69, 107–108, 129, 133–134, 141, 143–144, 144n34, 148, 150, 158–159, 162, 166, 172, 175–176
  • dative (case relation)129, 141, 143–144, 148
    • ethic dative42, 65
  • declarative memory378
  • definite(ness)44, 50, 52, 58, 68, 230, 235–236, 247, 248–256, 271
  • definition261, 268–270, 275–276, 278, 280, 282–283, 292
    • persuasive definition261, 268–270, 275–276, 278, 280, 282–283, 292
    • persuasive definition used argumentatively 268–269, 283
    • stipulative definition261, 268, 270, 275, 278, 280
  • degenerate foot392
  • deletion101, 123, 180, 340, 354, 358, 360
  • dependency13, 15–25, 41, 70–71, 74, 75, 78, 129, 129n19, 130, 131n22, 142, 162, 168, 204n6, 210, 212n20, 225, 242–243, 245, 254, 261–272, 272n4, 272n5, 273–280, 280n6, 281, 281n7, 282–287, 289–295, 298–299, 299n14, 300–301, 303, 340, 350, 351, 353, 359, 385, 387, 389, 389n3, 390–391, 391n5, 393, 395n9, 397, 397n15, 400, 403–404, 406, 408, 421
    • adjunctive dependency130, 275, 300–301
    • subjunctive dependency130, 271, 275–277, 282, 287, 290, 300–301
  • dependency grammar 16–17, 131n22, 210, 262–267, 271–283, 284, 300, 303
  • dependency graph 18–19; , 71, 265–266; , 277, 282, 286see also dependency tree
  • dependency phonology15, 17, 339–340, 350–351, 387, 389–391, 397, 397n15
  • dependency syntax129, 280, 280n6, 283, 294, 299
  • dependency tree41, 70, 71, 74, 268, 271n3, 273, 280n6
  • dependent 17–18, 33, 71–73, 75, 78, 83–84, 102, 106, 116, 119, 129–130, 130n20, 131, 133, 138, 228, 245, 248, 255, 263, 282, 288, 298, 350–351, 390, 398, 399, 399n19, 399n20, 405, 409, 409n38, 411, 414
  • derhoticization339, 353–360
  • derivational morphology18, 120, 210, 227, 231, 239, 322
  • determinative242, 245, 251–254; , 272, 274, 301see also non-contentive/functional category
  • determiner31, 52, 55, 68–69; , 74–75; , 88, 235–236; , 245, 247, 249–254; , 272–274; , 284, 297–298; , 298n13, 303see also article; non-contentive/functional category
  • detransitivization46, 49–51, 54, 111
  • deverbal noun78, 80, 82, 108–109, 211, 212n20, 215, 220, 239
  • devoicing419
  • diachrony149, 149n38, 184, 185n69
  • directional23, 29, 31–32, 35, 37–38, 42, 45–46, 48, 59–60, 64, 66–67, 88, 119, 132–136, 136n25, 137, 137n28, 137n29, 140, 142–144, 144n35, 145, 147–149, 180, 213n21, 219
  • dissociated nucleus 286–287, 290, 297
  • distinctive feature 345–347, 350, 359, 393
  • distribution 14–15, 21, 24, 73, 75, 85, 111, 135, 136n26, 140, 147, 202, 208n13, 229, 236–238, 242, 244–245, 248, 252, 291, 298n13, 332, 339, 349–350, 353, 387, 397, 410
    • substance-basedness of distribution 14–15, 21, 73, 75, 96, 229, 242
  • dominance 264–265
  • dorsal348, 414, 415, 415n44, 416
  • dotted type 202–203, 217, 217n25, 219n27, 220
  • downdrift410n39
  • downstep410n39

E

  • E-language 366–367, 370
  • ease of perception386
  • egressive airstream386
  • emergent modularity375
  • empiricism 162–163, 165, 165n51, 169, 185, 365, 372
  • empty category21, 26
  • empty node390, 392n6
  • empty primary feature36, 130n20
  • empty word284, 287, 296n11, 297n12
  • enhancement392, 392n7
  • entitative227, 230, 232, 242–245, 251–252, 254, 255–256, 301, 301n16
  • equative 34–35, 67, 87, 131n21
  • ergative (case relation)126, 132, 135–138; , 140, 144, 153see also functor type: source
  • ergative language or (sub)system 34–35, 43, 47–49, 51–52, 54, 58, 61–63, 66–67, 104, 109–111, 128n17, 154–156
  • ergativity44, 91, 110–111, 132, 156
    • split ergativity156
  • ethic dative42, 65
  • event15, 23, 33, 49, 96, 131n22, 159, 180, 202–205, 205n8, 207, 208, 208n13, 208n14, 209, 210, 210n16, 211–213, 213n21, 214–216, 216n23, 217–220, 220n29, 221, 221n30, 242, 245, 320, 369, 374
  • event noun214, 217, 220–221
  • event structure 203–204, 207–209, 214, 221
  • Exclusivity Condition265, 278
  • experiencer (case relation)28, 31, 33, 35–37, 41–44, 44n3, 46–50, 54, 57–64, 66–67, 69–70, 88, 104, 141, 143, 143n33, 144, 147–148, 155, 157
  • exponence20, 72, 130, 142, 226–228, 238, 252, 271, 280, 300
    • cumulative exponence 227–228, 250, 271, 280, 283
  • exponent18, 27, 102, 135, 140, 142, 226–229, 231, 238–240, 244, 250, 295, 296n11, 298–300, 302, 413

F

  • face recognition372, 375
  • Faculty of Language365see also FoL
  • falling tone410
  • feature23, 29–30, 31–32, 35–36, 93–94, 130, 136–138, 230, 236–237, 239, 242–244, 247, 249, 253, 255–256, 272, 302, 349, 351, 385, 389, 393, 396–397
    • binary feature340, 348, 388, 396n13, 406n29, 412
    • primary feature31, 36, 237, 242–243, 256, 349
    • secondary feature23, 31–32, 35, 93–94, 130, 136–138, 230, 236–237, 239, 244, 247, 249, 253, 255, 272, 302, 349
    • unary feature 29–30, 137, 242, 351, 385, 389, 393, 396–397
  • feature geometry 348–350, 359, 391, 397n15
  • figurativeness89, 91, 312–316, 319, 325, 329–330, 332–333
  • finiteness39, 83, 88, 114, 152, 242, 244–245; , 281n7, 287see also non-contentive/functional category
  • finiteness determiner297, 298n13
  • fixed identification234, 253, 255
  • FoL 365–367
  • foot19, 380, 385, 392, 405
  • fortis400, 407–408, 417, 419n51
  • fortition73, 350–351
  • frequency36, 78, 312, 318, 327, 371
  • fricated vowel419
  • fricative76, 339, 341, 342–343, 346–347, 349, 351–352, 359–360, 400, 403, 406, 408, 412–413, 417
  • full word 284–285, 287, 289, 296n11
  • functional category31, 39, 71, 74–77; , 83, 152, 228–229; , 236, 238, 242–245; , 247–248; , 250, 252–253; , 256, 275, 280see also category: non-contentive/functional category
  • functor27, 29, 30–36; , 39–41; , 45–48; , 52, 55, 58, 59, 62, 68–70; , 73–75; , 77, 87, 107–109; , 111, 130, 130n20, 131, 138–143; , 147, 150, 155, 208n14, 210n16, 213n21, 242, 244–245; , 247, 249, 253, 255, 272–275; , 279, 300, 302see also case relation; CR; functor type
  • functor feature30, 33, 36, 59, 87, 137–138, 143, 208n14, 249, 255, 302
    • secondary goal21, 31–33, 36, 45, 54, 58, 140–141
    • primary source 31–33, 35, 37, 40, 47–49, 54–55, 57, 61, 67–68, 101, 106, 111
    • secondary source31, 37see also functor type
  • functor type29, 30–31, 34–35, 45–46, 55, 59, 68–69, 111, 141
    • absolutive 30–31, 33–42, 45–54, 58, 61–62, 65, 67, 70, 74, 81, 86, 88, 102, 104, 106–111, 138, 140–141, 146, 150–155, 208n14, 213
    • locative 23–24, 28–33, 35–37, 41, 45, 47–48, 53–58, 60, 62–64, 66–70, 81, 88, 94, 96, 105, 129, 132–134, 134n23, 135, 138, 140–141, 143–144, 144n34, 145–149, 153, 175–176, 178, 213n21, 237, 300, 314
    • locative source23, 32–33, 37, 55, 57, 140, 141
    • source23, 26, 28, 30–37; , 40, 45, 47–49; , 52–57; , 61, 67–68; , 101, 104, 106, 109, 111, 140, 141, 208n14see also case relation; CR; functor feature
  • fused words271

G

  • gender 227–228, 231–232, 237, 240–241, 243, 246–250, 253–254, 256, 272n5
    • grammatical gender 227–228, 231–232, 240, 246–250
    • natural gender227, 232, 240–241, 246–247, 249–250, 254
  • generative grammar10, 14, 17, 114, 117, 119, 179, 183, 186
  • Generative Lexicon 202–203
  • generative semantics12, 14, 15, 119, 120, 122, 123, 124, 135, 179, 181, 182n65, 183, 186
  • genitive57, 59, 63, 67–69, 104–109, 158–159, 161–162, 164, 172–173, 175–177, 227, 240–241, 255
  • gesture (phonology)340, 350–355, 358–360
    • articulatory gesture340, 350, 353–355, 358–360
    • categorial gesture340, 350–353, 355, 358–360
    • phonatory gesture 353–354
  • glide 346–347, 349, 352, 407n30, 409, 411
  • Glossematics396
  • goal (secondary functor feature)21, 31–33, 36, 45, 54, 58, 140–141
    • locative goal28, 31–33, 45, 54, 140–141
    • goal absolutive58, 140–141
  • government70, 75, 164, 168, 179n63, 243, 256, 313
  • Government Phonology389n3, 390n4, 394, 399n19, 405
  • Grammaire Générale167, 167n55, 168–170, 170n56, 172, 172n58
  • grammatical periphrasis77, 80, 82
  • grammaticalization96, 149, 155, 185, 185n69, 296n11, 311, 313–314, 368, 381, 387
  • graph71, 261, 262, 264–267
  • grapho-phonemic correspondence376
  • grounding160, 222, 228, 303, 349, 359, 366, 368, 371, 377, 379–381
  • grouping17, 46–47, 154, 276, 339–340, 350–351, 393–394
    • grouping as neutralization of functor types46, 47, 154
    • syllabic grouping394
    • syntactic grouping17

H

  • harmony419n53
  • head 17–19, 24, 25, 71–73, 75, 81, 129n19, 182, 204, 204n6, 228, 245, 251, 263, 265, 276, 282, 288, 350, 390, 400–403, 405–406, 406n28, 407, 407n30, 408, 408n33, 409, 409n38, 410, 412, 412n42, 414, 417–418, 421
  • head component213, 274, 401
  • head-dependent relation119, 245, 273, 350, 390
  • headedness17, 204, 204n6, 399n19, 403, 415, 415n48
  • high tone400
  • history of the study of case 10–13
  • history of localism 157–179
  • holistic(ness) 32–33, 48, 69–70, 145–147, 153
  • hypocoristic name234, 239

I

  • I-language370
  • index (word class)123, 284, 298
  • inflectional morphology18, 34, 101, 227, 239, 271
  • inherent feature247, 249–251, 256
  • innateness376
  • instrumental (case relation)28, 31–32; , 43–44; , 51, 53–57; , 104, 116–117; , 133–135; , 135n24see also path
  • intensification327
  • interface20, 21–26, 34, 36, 38–39, 74, 85–86, 92, 111, 139, 366
    • lexico-phonological interface92
    • lexicon-syntax interface 22–25, 34, 36, 38, 85, 92, 139
    • morphological interface20
    • syntactico-phonological interface92
  • internalism365, 381
  • interrogative39, 73–74, 85–87
  • intuition131n22, 171, 172, 370
  • IPA 341–343, 386
  • isomorphism273, 279

J

  • junctive 284–285

L

  • labelling264n1, 265–266, 274
  • labial348, 388, 400, 409, 414–418
  • labial-velar388, 415–416, 418
  • labialization413
  • language of thought72, 96, 367, 372see also LoT
  • langue370
  • laryngeal385, 386, 388, 392, 407, 408n33, 409, 409n35, 409n37, 410–411, 417, 419
  • lateral 340–341, 345–346, 349, 352, 413
  • lateralized408, 408n32, 412–413, 419
  • length331, 343, 346, 355, 361, 385, 418
  • lenition 350–351, 360
  • level tone410
  • lexical linking42, 49, 81
  • lexical periphrasis78, 80–82, 90, 103
  • lexical phonology21, 23, 92
  • lexical sharing271
  • lexicalism14, 16–17, 201
  • lexicalist case grammar13
  • lexicalized dependency grammar274, 279
  • lexicon16, 20–27, 34, 36, 38, 42, 52, 54, 65, 74, 77–79, 85, 89, 92–93, 139, 142, 151, 183, 202–203, 210, 218, 227–229, 236, 238, 240, 242, 250, 252–256, 274, 279, 282, 302, 315–317, 321–322, 324, 371, 377–380
    • mental lexicon27, 229, 240, 377, 378–380
  • LF366
  • light verb 77–81, 85
  • linear order116, 124n13, 151, 265, 290, 393–394
  • linear precedence265, 273
  • localism11, 13–15, 29, 91, 93, 113–114, 119, 129, 133, 157, 160, 162–163, 165, 168, 170–173, 175–176, 179, 182, 184–187, 314
  • localist11, 14–15, 23, 29, 30, 55, 70, 113–114, 120–121, 125, 132, 134–135, 137, 140–141, 143, 148–150, 158–160, 162, 164–166, 168–172, 174–175, 178–179, 181, 182, 184, 186–187, 213n21, 247, 302
    • localist hypothesis23, 29–30, 132, 134, 137, 140–141, 143, 184, 187, 247, 302
    • localist theory of case11, 172
  • locative (functor type) 23–24, 28–33, 35–37, 41, 45, 47–48, 53–58, 60, 62–64, 66–70, 81, 88, 94, 96, 105, 129, 132–134, 134n23, 135, 138, 140–141, 143–144, 144n34, 145–149, 153, 175–176, 178, 213n21, 237, 300, 314
    • primary locative32, 35–36
    • secondary locative32, 35
    • locative goal 28–29, 31–33, 45, 48, 54, 63, 141
    • locative source28, 32–33, 45, 55, 57, 64, 68, 81, 140–141
  • logical form366
  • LoT367, 372–374

M

  • M-representation367, 381
  • MAC 414–417
  • macrorole70, 154, 154n41
  • major class specification398n18, 400, 406, 407
  • markedness36, 45–46, 351, 385, 387–392, 395, 402, 421
  • mellow403, 408
  • memory183, 316, 378–380
  • mentalese367, 373
  • metaphor29, 55–56, 125, 131n22, 149, 166n54, 170, 184–185, 187, 241, 287–288, 311–314, 319–320
  • metonymy20, 29, 241, 311–312, 315–317, 319–322, 324, 329, 333
  • middle32, 36, 46, 51, 52–55, 63, 96, 111, 142, 202, 206, 206n9, 207, 207n11, 208, 208n13, 208n14, 209–210, 210n16, 221
    • ergative middle54, 111
  • middle verb36, 202, 206, 208n13
  • minimal sonority distance409
  • minimal specification 395–396, 396n13, 397
  • mirror neuron377
  • mixed category289, 291
  • mixed nucleus 288–290; , 296n11, 297n12, 300–302; see also transferred nucleus
  • modularity365, 368, 372, 375–376, 379
  • monocategoriality280, 283
  • morphological interface20
  • morphology 16–18, 20, 23, 32, 34–35, 38, 45, 59, 63, 83, 91, 101–104, 106–107, 109–111, 120, 130, 182, 202, 210, 227, 231, 239, 271, 281n7, 322, 333, 366, 385
  • morphophonological class 225–227, 229–236, 238–240, 249–251, 255–256
  • morphosyntactic41, 117, 129, 143, 147–148, 154, 156, 156n43, 164, 179, 181–182, 182n66, 225, 226–229, 238, 244–246, 248–249
  • multiple articulated consonant414, 421

N

  • name31, 52, 74, 75, 77, 163, 226–228, 230–232, 234–235, 238–245, 247, 252–256, 264, 288, 288n8, 301
    • argumental name253, 255
    • byname226, 230, 233–236
    • hypocoristic name234, 239
    • nickname 234–235
    • personal name226, 231, 234, 238–240, 253
  • nasal 346–347, 349, 352, 409, 412–413, 416, 416n49, 420
  • nasal vowel413, 420
  • nasality386, 413
  • nasalization410, 420
  • natural gender227, 232, 240–241, 246–247, 249–250, 254
  • neutral (case relation)23, 70, 115, 115n2, 121, 138, 140, 155, 208n14see also functor type: absolutive
  • neutralization13, 23, 34, 45–49, 52, 59–63, 66, 67, 111, 128n17, 154, 154n41, 155, 156n43, 179, 226, 302, 391, 397, 409, 416n49
    • neutralization of functor types13, 23, 34, 45–48, 52, 59, 62–63, 67, 111, 128n17, 154–155, 156n43, 179, 302
  • node11, 25, 131, 131n22, 207, 214, 264–268; , 270, 271n3, 272n4, 273–282; , 285–286; , 292–294; , 297n12, 303, 348–349; , 351, 390, 392n6, 406–407; , 419–421; see also nœud
  • nœud286
  • nominative44n3, 47, 50, 53, 61–63, 66–67, 69, 111, 115n2, 126, 126n14, 126n15, 127–128, 128n16, 128n17, 132–133, 138, 140, 155, 155n42, 159, 162, 172, 175–177, 179, 227, 239–240, 248, 251–253
  • non-contentive52, 130, 272, 275, 283, 285, 287–288, 296n11, 298
    • non-contentive category130, 272, 275, 283, 285, 287see also category
  • non-inherent feature247, 250, 251
  • nondefinite250, 253–254
  • norm 369–370, 375
  • notional15, 17, 26, 31, 46, 49, 67, 73, 79, 83, 101, 114, 125n13, 130n20, 137–138, 140, 143, 145, 156, 168, 201, 206, 225–230, 236, 244–247, 253, 255–256
  • notional grammar9, 228, 266, 271
  • noun31, 75, 88, 243, 246–251, 275, 285, 288, 298, 301n16, 315, 368
    • deverbal noun78, 80, 82, 108, 109, 211, 212, 213, 215, 239
    • derived noun26, 202, 212, 213, 215
    • noun/verb distinction14, 301n16
  • nucleus 286–291, 295, 296n11, 297, 297n12, 298–302, 340, 349, 352, 358, 359, 360, 392n6, 400, 411, 418, 420n54, 421
    • dissociated nucleus 286–287, 290, 297n12
    • mixed nucleus288, 289, 290, 297n12, 300–302
    • transferred nucleus289, 290, 295, 301, 302

O

  • objecthood146, 156–157
  • object selection40, 41
  • obstruent346, 349, 361, 386, 399n20, 405, 406, 406n28, 407, 409, 417, 420
  • onset19, 73, 325, 349, 354, 361, 387, 391, 400, 403–404, 406, 406n28, 407, 407n30, 408, 408n33, 409, 409n35, 409n36, 410, 415n47, 417, 420, 420n54, 421
  • operative245
  • Opponent Principle395, 399, 399n20
  • Optimality Theory396
  • output20, 289, 292, 294, 302, 326, 385, 391

P

  • palatal348, 376, 400, 409, 412, 414–415
  • palatalization348, 413
  • paradigm 82–85, 87, 106, 113, 158, 217, 226–229, 231, 232, 235–236, 240, 246, 250, 254–256
  • paradox171, 359, 370, 391
  • parsing21, 72, 92
  • partitive57, 68, 145–146, 153, 250
  • parts of speech14, 29, 114, 159, 161, 167, 238
  • passive32, 38, 43–44, 46, 49–52, 54–55, 57, 59, 82–84, 91, 93–94, 111, 122–123, 127–128, 134, 136, 142, 161
  • path (case relation) 24–26; , 28–29; , 31, 32–33; , 55–57; , 75, 81, 89, 109, 134–135; , 143, 165, 180, 185–186; , 286, 301, 389see also functor type: locative
  • patient (case relation)28, 69–70
  • peak326, 352, 394
  • perception15, 21, 29, 71, 73, 76, 93, 96, 148, 164, 186, 316, 346, 365–366, 368, 377, 380–381, 386, 394–395, 395n9, 396, 399, 403
  • perceptual salience73
  • performance165, 315, 366, 370–371
  • periphrasis 77–84, 85, 87, 88, 90, 103, 286, 297n12
    • derivational periphrasis82, 83, 85, 88
    • grammatical periphrasis77, 80, 82
    • inflectional periphrasis 82–83, 87–88
    • lexical periphrasis78, 80–82, 90, 103
  • PF366
  • pharyngealization409, 412–413, 414n43, 419n52
  • phonation353, 408n33, 410, 417n50, 418–19, 419n51
  • phonatory gesture350, 353–354
  • phonetic exponent413
  • phonetic form 366–367
  • phonetic implementation390, 393, 395
  • phonetic interpretation366, 398, 400, 400n23, 404, 410, 410n40, 415n46, 421
  • phonotactic339, 341, 343, 345, 349–350, 352, 359, 361, 385
  • phrasal level410n39
  • phrase263265, 271, 272–273, 276–281, 293
  • physicalism160
  • pivot154n41see also privileged syntactic argument
  • place (CR feature) 137–138
  • place (phonology) 341–344, 348, 350, 353, 385, 388, 392, 398, 400, 403n26, 408, 408n32, 409, 409n35, 409n38, 410–414, 414n43, 415–418, 419n52, 420–421
    • place of articulation341, 344, 348, 350, 419n52
  • plane15, 71–72, 76, 118, 147, 177, 179, 242, 295n10, 400–401
  • polycategorial lexical attachment271
  • polycategoriality261, 280
  • polysemy183, 218, 241–242, 321
  • polysystematicity396
  • portmanteau271
  • possessive66, 68–69, 148, 211
  • pre-r breaking354
  • pre-schwa laxing354
  • precedence204, 264–266, 272–273, 278, 282
  • preposition11, 35, 58, 60, 67–69; , 115, 115n2, 116, 121, 135, 161, 163–166; , 166n53, 167–170; , 170n56, 172, 174–175; , 177, 182–186; , 244, 245, 271, 295, 296n11, 300, 332see also adposition; functor
  • primary category225, 227–228, 232, 234, 236–238, 240, 242, 244, 247–249, 254
  • prime156
  • principal34, 47–48, 52, 63, 67, 131n22, 154, 154n41, 155–156, 156n43, 156n44
    • principal formation156, 156n44
  • privileged syntactic argument154n41
  • procedural memory378
  • projection111, 207, 209, 210, 221, 263, 264n1, 265–266, 272, 272n4, 274, 278
  • projective labelling264n1, 265–266, 274
  • pronoun31, 34, 45, 52, 65, 74, 77, 128n16, 161, 166n53, 172, 174, 227, 232, 235, 238, 242–244, 247, 252–256, 284, 288, 288n8, 301, 318, 328, 330
  • proprioception394, 396
  • prosopagnosia375
  • prototypical(ity)15, 22, 24, 30, 35–39, 68, 72, 75, 79, 85, 135, 155, 174, 184, 212, 227, 229–230, 242, 244, 246–247, 255–256, 298n13, 328–329

Q

  • qualia structure 203–204, 205, 216–217, 222
  • quasi-constructional relation263
    • quasi-constructional asymmetry264n1, 266

R

  • /r/-deletion354
  • Radical CV Phonology387, 390, 397, 421see also RcvP
  • RcvP385, 388, 390, 393–394, 395n11, 397, 397n16, 398, 401, 401n25, 404, 407, 410–411, 413, 417–418, 421
  • raising39, 101, 111, 139, 139n30, 140, 150–152; see also argument-sharing
  • receiver (case relation)32, 36, 41–42, 59
  • recursive splitting 395–396, 401–402, 405
  • reduplication 311–312, 314, 316–317, 319, 324–327, 327n2, 328, 329–333, 377, 387n1
  • register69, 283, 290, 410, 410n39, 411, 411n41, 418
  • regularity73, 78, 84, 90, 157, 183, 229, 321, 377–379, 381
  • relational salience70, 72, 263
  • repetition171, 267, 281, 311–312, 317–319, 324–327, 329–330, 333
  • reversed affricate406n28
  • rhetoric163, 318, 333
  • rhotic76, 339–350, 352–353, 355, 359–361, 419n53
  • rhotacized vowel419
  • rhyme19, 73, 324–325, 392, 404–405, 407, 410–411, 420
  • rising tone418
  • ritualisation374
  • role44, 55, 60, 115, 115n2, 116, 116n4, 120–122, 124, 126, 126n14, 126n15, 128n16, 129–131, 131n22, 135, 139, 141, 143–144, 147, 151, 151n39, 154n41, 155, 178, 186, 204–206, 221, 314
    • semantic role151, 154n41, 178, 186, 314see also case relation
    • theta(matic)-role 27–28, 126, 130, 139, 141, 186, 206, 314
  • Role Criterion131
  • root22, 74, 76, 78, 85, 165, 174, 230, 235, 361, 406–407, 410, 415n47, 418–420
  • root node 406–407, 420
  • round348, 400, 410, 413
  • rounding392, 392n7
  • routinization51, 88, 155
  • RTR410n40
  • rule115, 121, 123, 126–129, 132, 139, 150, 151n39, 152, 164, 183, 217, 278, 349–350, 352, 359, 368–370, 379, 385, 396, 418

S

  • salience9, 70–75, 78, 204n6, 263
    • cognitive9, 70–75
    • perceptual73
    • relational70, 72, 263
  • scene19, 21, 23, 30, 32, 37, 45, 50, 72–76, 79, 116n4, 122, 135, 138, 142, 145, 182n66, 244, 299
  • schwa340, 354, 358, 360, 360n2, 361, 392, 392n6, 419
  • secondary category 225–229, 237–238, 240, 242–244, 246–249, 250, 253
  • secondary feature23, 35, 93–94, 138, 172, 230, 236–237, 239, 244, 247, 252–253, 255
  • secondary manner 408–410, 412–413
  • segment inventories385
  • segment inventory396
  • segmental complexity385, 387, 389, 421
  • semantic relation/role10, 12, 14–15; , 23–24; , 51, 111, 120, 131, 151, 155, 178, 186, 207, 244, 314see also case relation; functor type
  • sequencing22, 25, 39–40, 74, 76, 78–79, 86, 92–93, 251, 339–340, 352, 359–361, 366, 394, 404, 412
  • short diphthong414, 417–418, 420
  • singleton406
  • sonorant consonant352, 399n20, 406–407, 407n30, 409, 411, 419n51
  • sonority72, 76, 339–340, 344, 349–352, 359–361, 394, 404, 407, 409, 417
    • sonority distance constraint409
    • sonority hierarchy349, 351, 352
    • sonority profile417
    • sonority sequencing76, 339–340, 359, 361, 394, 404
  • Sound Pattern of English (SPE) 347–348, 354, 388–389
  • source (functor type)23, 26, 28, 30–37, 40, 45, 47–49, 52–57, 61, 67–68, 101, 104, 106, 109, 111, 140, 141, 208n14
    • primary (= actional) source 31–33; , 35, 37, 40, 47–49; , 54–55; , 57, 61, 67–68; , 101, 106, 111see also case relation: agent(ive); ergative
    • secondary (= locational) source31, 37see also case relation: ablative
  • span272, 272n4
  • SPE 347–348, 354, 388–389, 393
  • split ergativity156
  • splitting175, 395–396, 401, 401n25, 402, 404–405
  • stemma280n6, 286see also dependency graph; dependency tree
  • stop40, 351, 376, 393, 400, 403, 406, 412–413, 416–417
  • stress77, 234, 379–380
  • strict CV approach420n54
  • strident403, 408, 412, 417
  • structural analogy17, 91, 93, 400–401
  • Structural Analogy Assumption400
  • structuralism119, 152, 186
  • subject11, 13, 23–25, 27–28, 32–36, 38–42, 44, 44n3, 45–52, 60–62, 66–69, 73, 80, 86–87, 90, 101, 104, 107–108, 110–111, 115, 122, 126–128, 132–134, 136, 139–140, 146–147, 147n36, 148, 150, 152–153, 153n40, 154–156, 156n44, 157, 167, 177–179, 206, 209, 211, 215, 221, 281n7, 303, 314
  • subject-formation28, 34–36, 49, 90, 108, 152–153
  • subjecthood28, 34, 38–39, 73, 102, 110–111, 134, 136, 140, 143, 152–157
  • subject selection hierarchy40, 134, 146, 152–154
  • subjunction 17–19, 23, 25, 38, 41, 75, 103, 109, 225, 228, 243–246, 248, 251–252, 255–256, 271, 283
  • subjunctive dependency130, 271, 275–277, 282, 287, 290, 300–301
  • sublexical syntax271
  • subordinating conjunction284, 291, 297–298, 298n13
  • subsidiary word 284–287, 289, 296n11
  • substance9, 15–16, 19, 21, 26, 72–73, 75, 91, 162, 169–170, 202n2, 203, 208n14, 210, 225, 245, 255, 285, 288n8, 301n16, 314–315, 339, 345, 347, 366, 368, 387, 387n2, 394–396, 399n20, 400
  • substanced-based9, 16, 21, 23, 26, 91, 208n14, 315see also notional
  • substance-free phonology 395–396
  • substantivity21, 93
  • superlexeme271
  • supralaryngeal392, 398
  • syllabic consonant345, 411n41
  • syllabicity346, 407n30
  • syllabification358, 394
  • syllable19, 21, 23, 72, 76, 325, 332, 339–340, 345, 349, 352–353, 358–361, 385–388, 390n4, 391–392, 394, 397, 404–405, 405n27, 411, 418, 420, 420n54, 421
    • syllable nucleus19, 71, 340, 349, 352, 358–360, 392n6, 400, 404, 411, 420n54, 421
    • syllable structure352, 360, 385–388, 391, 394, 397, 404–405, 405n27, 420, 420n54
    • syllable weight392
  • syntactic category20, 26, 30, 37, 81, 92, 130, 130n20, 138, 142, 152, 212, 226, 237–238, 264, 273–275, 280–281, 281n7, 283, 285, 288–289, 295–297, 298n13, 301–302, 368

T

  • tagmemics22
  • tangling 41–42
  • Telescope Principle272n4
  • thematic relation22, 120, 122–125; see also thematic role
  • thematic role 27–28, 126, 141, 314
  • tier406
  • timing96
  • tone19, 327, 400, 410, 410n39, 411, 417–418
  • transference 288–289; , 289n9, 290–296; , 296n11, 297–300; , 302, 302n17, 303see also translation (Fr.))
  • transferred nucleus 289–290; , 295, 297–298; see also mixed nucleus
  • transformational grammar12, 115, 117, 120, 129, 148
  • translation (Fr.) 288–290
    • pseudo-translation303see also transposition
  • translative284, 288–296, 296n11, 297–300, 302
  • transposition289, 289n9, 290, 292, 297n12
  • trochee392
  • two-root structure420
  • type 202–203, 203n4, 204, 204n5, 207–208, 208n13, 208n14, 209, 212n20, 215–216, 216n23, 217, 217n25, 218–219, 219n27, 220, 220n28, 220n29, 221, 221n30
    • dotted type217, 219–220
    • type hierarchy203
    • type theory215
  • typology149, 152–153, 153n40, 154, 184–185, 361, 385, 392
    • relational typology 152–153; , 153n40see also accusative language or (sub)system, ergative language or (sub)system
    • neutralization of functor types
    • principal
    • typology of phonemic oppositions345

U

  • UG365, 372
  • unary feature 29–30, 137, 242, 351, 385, 389, 393, 396–397
  • unaccusative147n36
  • underspecification350, 389, 391, 396
  • unitary contour tone410, 418
  • universal grammar45, 187, 365
  • universality of abs principle139see also absolutive (functor type): obligatoriness of absolutive functor
  • utterance19, 21, 23, 75, 86, 91–92, 96, 118, 243, 317, 324, 370–371, 373
  • uvularization413

V

  • valency9, 16–17, 21–32, 34–39, 42–43, 46, 48, 52–55, 61, 65–66, 68, 72–74, 77–79, 81, 83–85, 87, 89–90, 92, 96, 102–104, 106–109, 111, 116n3, 129, 131n22, 132, 138–142, 146, 162, 213, 244, 272–274, 277, 289, 291–292, 297, 298n13, 302
  • velaric suction416
  • velarization413
  • verb
    • actional intransitive verb32, 128, 142, 147n36, 154, 208n14
    • benefactive verb59, 63
    • causative verb23, 43, 47, 120, 128, 150, 213n21
    • experiencer verb 61–63
    • impersonal verb46, 49, 58
    • light verb 77–81, 85
    • middle verb32, 36, 63, 142, 202, 206–208
    • noun/verb distinction14, 301n16see also contentive/non-functional category
  • verb type53
  • vocal motor scheme377, 378
  • voiceless consonant341, 419
  • voiceless vowel419
  • vowel height401n25, 410
  • vowel length418

W

  • weak syllable392
  • weight 70–71, 75, 87, 202, 205, 392
  • word class14, 19, 29, 226, 229, 232, 239, 241, 254–255, 275, 280, 284–285, 288–289, 291, 301n16, 302, 328
  • word edge385, 405
  • Word Grammar266, 271, 315
  • word-to-category biuniqueness271, 280n6
  • WUG test379, 380

X

  • X-bar17, 263, 278, 295, 401n24

Z

  • zero affixation215n22