Predicative possession in Oghuz and Kipchak Turkic languages
This article studies syntactic, semantic and discursive properties of non-subordinate (main) clauses conveying possession in Oghuz and Kipchak Turkic languages. In Turkic, the concept of possession is typically encoded by clauses based on existential predicates. The language-specific and crosslinguistic properties of two predicate types, {bar} and {bol}, will be contrastively surveyed. As for the marking of possessor in clauses containing {bar}, three patterns will be described, one of which is a contact-induced structure restricted to Turkic varieties in Iran. As a multifunctional verb, {bol} can convey, among other things, dynamic or static possession. The results indicate that the clauses based on the static possession marker {bol} are more operative in Kipchak languages and in Turkmen (East Oghuz), than in West Oghuz languages. It will further be shown that the structures based on {bar} or the static marker {bol} typically exhibit discourse-related distribution in the respective languages.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Clauses based on the non-verbal predicate {bar}
- 2.1{bar} in existence and possessive clauses
- 2.2Combinations of {bar} with copular markers
- 2.3Possessor marking in {bar} type of clauses
- Pattern 1
- 2.3.2Pattern 2
- 2.3.3Pattern 3
- 2.3.4Co-existence of genuine Turkic and copied patterns in Turkic varieties of Iran
- 3.Clauses based on the verbal predicate {bol}
- 3.1The multifunctional verb {bol}
- 3.2{bol} in possessive clauses
- 3.2.1{bol} as a dynamic possession marker
- 3.2.2{bol} as a static possession marker
- 4.Distribution of {bar} and {bol}
- 5.Summary
-
Abbreviations
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Notes
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