Mobile Menu
New
Books
Forthcoming titles
New in paperback
New titles by subject
June 2023
May 2023
April 2023
March 2023
Book Series
Journals & Yearbooks
New serials
Latest issues
Currently in production
Catalog
Books
Active series
Other series
Open-access books
Text books & Course books
Dictionaries & Reference
By JB editor
Journals & Yearbooks
Active serials
Other
By JB editor
Software
Browse by person
Browse by subject
Advanced Search
Downloadable lists
Printed catalogs
E-book collections
Online Resources
Customer Services
Contact
Amsterdam (Main office)
Philadelphia (North American office)
Directions
Book Orders
General
US, Canada & Mexico
E-books
Examination & Desk Copies
Journal Subscriptions
General information
Access to the electronic edition
Special offers
Terms of Use
Rights & Permissions
Mailing List
E-newsletter
Book Gazette
For Authors
Proposals for Books
Proposals for Book Series
Proposals for Journals
Submissions to Journals
Editorial Manager
Ethics Statement
Kudos
Open Access Policy
Rights Policy
For Librarians
Evidence-Based Acquisition
Ebook collections
Journal Collection
Open Access information
Part of
Lost in Change: Causes and processes in the loss of grammatical elements and constructions
Edited by Svenja Kranich and Tine Breban
[
Studies in Language Companion Series
218] 2021
► pp.
363
–
366
◄
previous
Index
A
Accessibility Hierarchy
186, 292, 311
accusative
24, 35, 37, 88–89, 91, 96, 176, 179
acquisition
1, 135–136, 166
adjective
3, 14, 28–29, 42–44, 52, 55, 68, 84, 86, 94, 115, 136, 164–165, 167, 173–183, 193, 235–256, 262
adverb
3, 12, 132–133, 136, 139–144, 148–153, 189–190, 204, 237, 262, 306, 311
adverbial
28–29, 54, 84, 132, 137, 139, 146, 154, 312
affix, cf. also prefix and suffix
22, 24, 26, 32–33, 38, 46, 341
age
6, 14, 232, 238, 240–243, 245, 247–255, 266
agreement
30–32, 44, 89, 165, 173, 311, 313–314, 316–318, 339
Alemannic
162–166, 168–169, 173–177, 179–180, 183, 185–188, 190–194
allomorphy
40–41, 83–84, 96
ambiguity
10, 13, 85, 145, 166, 201, 226
American English
227, 264, 266, 268–270, 278, 281
amplifier
235–255
analogy
34–36, 79, 83, 88, 95
Anong
26–27
aorist
24–25, 34, 37–38, 40
Apparent time
239–240, 248–249, 252, 283
archaic / archaism / archaizing
5, 71, 78, 80–81, 85, 92, 96–97, 179, 292
article
52–56, 70, 162, 165, 167, 169, 173–174, 181, 183, 188
aspect
40–41, 140, 221
attrition
6, 12, 22, 31–32, 226
lexical attrition
6, 13, 226
phonological attrition
22
language attrition
22, 31–32
Auxiliary Selection Hierarchy
200, 207, 220–221, 223, 226
B
bilingualism, cf. also multilingualism
334, 355, 357
bleaching
9, 134, 145–146, 149, 153
Bokmål
43
borrowing
8, 88–90, 94 (cf. also language contact)
Bulgarian
44, 140, 149
C
Canadian English
204, 237
case / case marking
7, 22–46, 76, 80, 83–86, 162, 166–194, 311, 335–336, 342, 344, 346, 351
causative
123
chancery language
293–294, 296, 300–302, 306–309, 315, 317
Chinese
9, 131–155, 335
classifier
133, 142, 239
collocation
12, 110, 116–125, 239–240
colloquial / colloquialization /colloquial varieties
9, 69–71, 162, 166–170, 193, 305
comparative
42–43, 244, 292
competition
2, 4,44, 59–60, 66–68, 88, 94, 117, 138, 150, 152, 166, 171–172, 212, 240, 264, 297, 309–319
complexity
8, 45, 310, 316–317, 334, 356
compositionality / non-compositionality
4, 12, 133, 137–140, 144–145
conjugation
334, 336, 342–354
conservatism / conservative language use
80, 83, 201, 205, 212, 220–223, 226–227
construct
137, 139, 149–150, 152
Construction Grammar
4, 52, 131–135, 137–138, 150, 153–155, 262, 275
contact: cf. language contact
convergence
23, 34–35
copula
84, 86, 207
countability
122–123
D
Dargwa
42
dative
29, 80, 88–89, 91, 93, 95–96, 168, 170–172, 176, 179
possessive dative
168, 170–172
definiteness
175, 177
definite
175–177, 180–181, 183, 188
indefinite
52–56, 175–177, 180–181
degeneracy
131–132, 153–154
degree
43, 55
degree modifiers
142–143, 258
delexicalization
239–240
democratization
9, 70, 261, 267, 271, 273, 276, 282, 308, 317–319
demonstrative
181, 183, 188
dependency
167, 170, 173, 193
derivation / derivational morphology: cf. morphology
determiner, cf. also article
68, 84–85, 153, 165, 181
diachronic construction grammar
4, 131, 134–135, 137–138, 150, 153–155
diminutive
142
distributional fragmentation
59, 61, 64, 70, 318
dominant language / dominant variety
177, 336–338, 355–358
dual
38, 154, 333, 336–337, 341, 344, 346, 354–355, 358
E
Early New High German (EarlNHG)
163, 175–176, 291, 314
(language) economy
7, 84, 96, 309–310, 316
Egyptian
37, 40
exaptation
22, 131–132, 153–154
extravagance
7–8, 55–56, 71, 150, 152
F
free variation
10, 37, 40, 188
functional load
2, 6–7, 163, 171, 173, 182, 189, 193–194
future
24–25, 33–34, 37, 44, 153
G
gender
2–3, 14, 36, 40, 42, 165, 173, 176–177, 180, 201, 204, 238, 240–243, 247–248, 250, 255, 311–314, 316–317, 334, 357
grammaticalgender
2–3, 36–37, 40, 42, 165, 173, 176–177, 180, 311–314, 316–317, 334, 357
generalisation /generalization
28, 31–33, 37, 41, 44, 52, 133–137, 145, 150, 153–154, 240
generative grammar
4, 165–166
genitive
22, 24, 29, 34, 153, 162, 166–173, 193–194, 311–312
genre
6, 11, 14–15, 56, 59, 61–65, 81–82, 97, 103, 112, 118–119, 122, 124–125, 133–134, 256, 261–264, 267–268, 270, 273–274, 279, 281–284, 291–306, 310, 317–318
Georgian
28–29
gradability
244, 255
grammaticalisation / grammaticalization
1, 8,21–22, 44–45, 71, 137, 146, 150, 154, 161–162, 204, 239, 244, 264
Greek
24–25, 34, 37, 40, 44
H
head
94, 166, 171–173, 183, 192–193, 297, 311–314
hedge / hedging
9, 262, 276–283
Himalayan languages
349
hyperbole
145–146, 150–152
hypercorrection
81, 294, 296, 303
I
imperfective
40–41, 43, 144
impersonal verb / impersonal construction
3, 7–8, 11, 75–77, 82, 87–97, 114, 131, 134, 153
indicative
24–25, 34, 37
inflection / inflectional morphology: cf. morphology
intensifier
5–6, 8–9, 14, 237–241, 248–249
intransitive: cf. transitivity
irrealis
40–41
K
Kiranti languages
15, 31, 333–336, 344, 348, 354–355, 358
Koĩc
2–3, 8, 15, 31, 333–342, 344–358
L
language attrition: cf. attrition
language contact
8, 10, 15, 22, 38, 182, 334, 354–357
language economy: cf. economy
language typology: cf. typology
Late Modern English (LModE)
6, 11, 13, 101–103, 123, 195, 202, 205, 226, 262, 264, 319
Latin
35–37, 115, 123, 202
lexical attrition: cf. attrition
lexical bundle
11, 101–103, 104–110, 114–124
lexical replacement
12, 80, 86–87, 93, 249
literalization
70, 319
logistic regression model
4, 210–211, 246, 250–254
Low Alemannic
163, 174
M
Malayalam
25–27, 33–34
Mand
30–33
measure phrase
167–168, 172–173
modal / modality
3, 6, 14, 59, 65, 131, 133, 209, 261–284, 286–287
deontic modality
14, 131, 262–283
epistemic modality
14, 140, 262–276, 281
semi-modal
6, 14, 261–262, 264, 267
modernization
80
modifier
28, 54, 85, 115, 142–143, 179, 239
mood
24, 40, 123
morphology
2–4, 7, 10–11, 21–22, 30, 35, 45, 75, 78, 86–87, 96, 102, 122, 171, 201, 223, 334–336, 348–349, 351, 354–355, 357
derivational morphology
22, 75, 86–87, 94, 96
inflectional morphology
4, 7, 10, 13, 21–23, 26, 28, 32, 35, 37, 42, 44–46, 75–76, 85–86, 161–162, 165, 167, 173–177, 179–185, 193, 233, 311, 341, 355–357, 359
morphological support
93–94, 96
multilingualism, cf. also bilingualism
78, 81
N
Nakh languages
28
natural language processing
102
naturalness
308–309, 316
Ncam
40–41
negation / negative
25, 33, 44–45, 59, 67, 65, 67, 132, 140–141, 144–145, 149–152, 204, 240, 295, 305, 309, 342, 346–347, 352, 358
Nepali
8, 15, 31, 333, 335, 337–339, 354–355, 357–358
New Zealand English (NZE)
3, 8–9, 14, 235–237, 239–241, 248–250, 260–262
ngrams
12, 101–104, 107–119, 121–122, 124
nominative
24, 29, 34–36, 87–89, 93, 176, 179
non-compositionality: cf. compositionality
non-standard language / non-standard variety
161–162, 166, 168, 170, 173, 194, 203, 213, 357
number
24, 26–28, 31, 38–42, 85–86, 122, 154, 162, 165, 173, 177, 179, 311–312, 314, 339, 341–349, 354
O
object
15, 31, 54, 79, 84, 88–89, 95, 141, 186, 292–293, 296–297, 311–312, 333–336, 341–358
obsolescence / obsolescent
10–12, 51–52, 59–61, 64–66, 69–70, 75, 80, 83, 86–87, 93, 96, 101–105, 109–121, 123–125, 132, 138, 144, 150, 153–154, 291–293, 299, 301, 317–320
grammatical obsolescence
10–11, 51–52, 59–61, 70, 101, 291–292, 312
lexical obsolescence
11–12, 75, 83, 87, 96, 101–102, 114, 116
obsolete
7, 12, 59, 101–102, 104–105, 112–114, 117, 119, 122, 124–125, 148, 150, 153, 319
Old French
23, 35–37, 88
Old High German (OHG)
162–163, 175–176, 189, 191
Old Norse
42, 88
optional / optionality
13, 31–32, 139, 142, 161–162, 173, 179–184, 193, 204, 278, 344, 351
P
paradigmatic atrophy
11, 59–60, 65–66, 70
participle
43–44, 115, 131, 207, 212, 223, 333, 358
past participle
43, 131, 207, 358
particle
15, 44, 70, 132, 162, 166, 185–187, 189–192, 291, 294, 297, 306–307, 311, 313, 315, 326
passive
122–123, 146, 202–203, 207, 275–277
perfect / perfective
3, 6, 13, 24, 40–41, 132, 143–144, 163, 199–227, 231, 315, 358
double perfect construction
163–164
person
24, 26–27, 30–33, 38–40, 42, 45, 89, 132, 140, 165, 173, 204, 226, 262, 277, 280, 305, 312, 314, 333, 339, 341–349, 353–354, 358
personal pronoun
95, 181
plural
24, 27, 31–32, 34–35, 37–41, 45, 53, 79, 86, 122, 176, 179, 262, 277, 295, 333, 336, 341, 343–346, 351, 353–354, 358
polarity
25, 33, 240
politeness
267, 283–284
polysemy
293, 298, 310, 312–313
possessive pronoun
171
postdeterminer
239
pragmatic / pragmatics
3, 12, 14, 55, 70, 80, 121–122, 131–133, 141, 144–146, 150, 152, 154, 201, 244, 266, 272, 295, 310–312, 316–317, 335
predeterminer
52–53, 56, 62, 65
prefix
38, 90–91, 94
preposition
167, 171, 190, 203, 211–212
prestige
293–294, 296, 300–301
preterite
43, 341–343, 345–348, 353, 358
preterite-present
264
priming
14, 153–154, 242, 246, 250–251, 255–256
productive / productivity
4, 11–12, 52, 59, 86, 88, 134, 137–138, 145, 147, 163, 166, 168–169, 171, 173, 181, 190, 194, 201, 203–204, 275
progressive
43, 55, 71, 202, 205
prototypical / prototypicality
7–9, 12, 87, 116, 131–132, 134–137, 144, 148–149, 154, 226, 277, 279
(finite and non-finite) purpose subordinator
64, 69, 319
R
realis
40–41
reflexive
132, 334, 345–346, 348, 354
register
5, 15, 81, 182, 201–202, 256, 264, 317
relative clause
13, 161–162, 164, 166, 184–192, 292–293, 297–305, 310–311, 315–316, 326
relative pronoun
7–8, 10, 166, 181, 188, 297–298, 300, 302–304, 306, 309–311
relativiser / relativizer
15, 122, 291–318
renewal
5, 14, 77, 97, 132, 153–154, 237, 241
replacement
2, 5–7, 9–12, 14, 23, 27, 29–30, 33–34, 37, 55, 80, 83, 86–87, 93–94, 96, 117–120, 122, 169–170, 235–236, 249, 254, 271
resilience
77, 97, 264
resumptive pronoun
186–188
rhematic function
11, 54, 70–71
S
schema
6–7, 12, 131–155, 319
subschema
12, 137–138, 143–144, 146–147, 150–152, 154
schema loss
12, 131–134, 138, 144, 154
schematicity
4, 12, 133, 137–138, 143, 145, 155
semantic shift
93, 118, 122
Serbian
44
sex
13, 199, 206, 210–211, 213, 216, 218–220, 223–224, 226, 231–233, 243
simplicity / simplification
22, 36, 83, 307, 348, 355–356
singular
24, 27, 31, 33, 35–39, 41, 45, 52, 89, 132, 176, 179–180, 226, 311, 334, 336, 341–349, 353, 358
social class
13, 205, 210–212, 217–227, 231–233, 238, 307–308
socio-cultural change
6, 9, 11, 14, 69, 267, 282–284, 291, 319
sociolinguistic /sociolinguistics
5–6, 11, 13–15, 32, 81, 97, 194, 199, 201, 204–205, 210–211, 213, 216–217, 227, 242, 255, 291–292, 300, 334, 336–338, 354–357
specifier
182, 192–193
spelling
24, 79, 83, 106, 114–115, 181
standard language / standard variety, cf. also non-standard language
45, 166, 170, 181, 184, 190, 203–204, 213, 227, 264, 300–301, 306, 309–310, 317, 319, 338, 357
standardisation / standardization
17, 102, 170, 286, 295, 309
stem
24–26, 28–29, 32–33, 35–36, 40, 62, 87, 168, 174, 181, 346
style / stylistic
2, 6, 9, 15, 43, 55–56, 68, 80–81, 97, 138, 152, 205, 267–268, 291, 293, 296, 298, 300, 302–308, 317–319
subject
15, 24–27, 30–31, 33–35, 37, 40, 44, 54, 79, 84, 88–89, 141, 173, 183, 186, 204, 266, 292–293, 296–297, 311–312, 333–336, 340–355, 358
subjunctive
24–25, 34, 37, 123
suffix
24–33, 41, 43, 86, 94, 142, 181, 335, 341–346, 349, 351
Sunwar
333, 335, 343, 349, 358
Surel
341, 356
Swabian
163, 174
syncretism
7, 27, 34–37, 45, 345
syntactic function
51, 54, 165, 236, 238–239, 249–250, 311–312
system dependency
60
T
Tamil
25–26
tense
25, 33, 38–39, 44, 165, 183, 204, 207, 341–343, 345–348, 351, 353, 358
Tibeto-Burman languages
15, 333, 335–337, 346, 349
transitivity
200, 333
ditransitive
133, 135–138
intransitive
135, 199–200, 202, 206, 208, 213, 334–336, 342, 344–348, 353–354
transitive
15, 31, 88, 153, 199–200, 203, 207, 333–336, 341–349, 353–354, 361
(lexical) trash
105–107, 109, 114–116
(language) typology / typological
4, 8, 10, 14–15, 21, 23, 46, 75–76, 78, 83–84, 87, 114, 291, 310, 316–317, 319
typological drift
8, 15, 291, 316–137
typological change
8, 14, 75–76, 78, 83–84, 114, 291, 319
U
Updated Old English
4, 11, 75–97
V
verb-second
2, 84, 88, 95, 297
W
West Germanic dialects
32–33
word order
2–3, 22, 28, 88, 95, 316, 350
Z
zero article
53
zero marking
22, 36, 175, 348
Zipf’s law
107–108