Table of contents
List of tables
IX
List of figures
XI
Abbreviations
XIII
Acknowledgements
XV
Chapter 1.Setting the scene
1
1.1Historical and sociolinguistic context
4
1.2Research questions & monograph outline
8
Chapter 2.Grammatical background
11
2.1Phonology and orthography
11
2.2Verbs
13
2.2.1Complexity in use
16
2.2.2Prosodic structure of verbs
17
2.2.3Bipartite stem verbs
18
2.2.4Inflectional patterns of classifier stem paradigms
25
Chapter 3.Acquisition of verbs and verb morphology
29
3.1Crosslinguistic study of language acquisition
29
3.2Early verb production
30
3.2.1Phonological & prosodic accounts
31
3.2.1.1Perceptual salience
31
3.2.1.2Prosodic licensing model
32
3.2.2Morphosyntactic accounts
34
3.2.2.1Perceptual salience & grammar
34
3.2.2.2Root infinitives & analogue hypotheses
35
3.3Verb lexicon in acquisition
36
3.3.1Semantics of early verbs
36
3.3.2Verbs and pragmatic development
36
3.3.2.1Speech act development
37
3.4Acquisition of inflectional morphology
39
3.4.1Nativist/generativist approaches
40
3.4.2Usage-based approaches
42
3.4.3Protomorphology
43
3.4.4Morphological complexity
45
3.4.5Quantifying morphological development
46
3.5Acquisition of bipartite constructions
47
Chapter 4.Methodology
49
4.1Relationships
49
4.2Focus children
50
4.3Recording
52
4.4Transcription & coding
54
Chapter 5.Early verbs
57
5.1Structure of bipartite stem verbs
57
5.1.1Prosodic licensing account
58
5.1.1.1Monosyllabic verbal PWord targets
59
5.1.1.2Disyllabic verbal PWord targets (ˈσ σ)
59
5.1.1.3Trisyllabic verbal PWord targets (σ ˈσ σ)
60
5.1.1.4Tetrasyllabic verbal PWord targets (σ σ ˈσ σ)
64
5.1.1.5Developmental stages of verbal PWords
70
5.2Semantics & pragmatics of early verbs
72
5.3Summary
79
Chapter 6.Acquisition of classifier stem paradigms
81
6.1Development of CSP cell diversity
82
6.2Development of CSP cell diversity in a matched sample
86
6.3Errors of commission and the development of diversity
94
6.3.1Future precedes non-future
95
6.3.2Closely related CSPs
98
6.3.3Singular subject person supra-inflection classes
101
6.4Discussion
104
Chapter 7.Acquisition of bipartite stem verbs
107
7.1Analysing contrastive CSP use
108
7.2Contrastive CSPs
109
7.2.1Semantically opaque contrastive CSPs
111
7.2.2Semantically transparent contrastive CSPs
112
7.2.2.1‘On’ alternation
112
7.2.2.2‘Close’ alternation
114
7.2.2.3Reflexive/reciprocal alternations
115
7.3Non-standard bipartite stem combinations
121
7.3.1Learning ‘to find’
121
7.3.2Learning ‘to throw/fish’
123
7.4Development of bipartite stem verbs
129
Chapter 8.Discussion
131
8.1Structure of early verbs
131
8.2Semantics & pragmatics of early verbs
133
8.3Acquisition of complex verb paradigms
134
8.4Acquisition of bipartite stem verbs
137
8.5Reflections & future directions
138
Appendix: Murrinhpatha classifier stem paradigms
141
References
155
Index
171
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