Chapter 12
Generic person marking in Japhug and other Gyalrong
languages
This paper discusses the history of generic person marking systems in
several Gyalrong languages. While closely related, Japhug and
Tshobdun differ considerably: the inverse prefix marks generic A in
Japhug, while it appears in the generic P form in Tshobdun. We
propose a historical scenario to explain how such radically
different systems came into being, proposing in particular that one
of the generic human markers was grammaticalized from a nominalizer,
and show that our reconstruction can also explain the origin of the
local scenario portmanteau 1→2 and 2→1 prefixes. These
reconstructions allow us to establish the existence of several
previously unattested grammaticalization pathways.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Inverse and generic marking in Japhug
- 2.1The verbal paradigms
- 2.2Inverse in non-local scenarios
- 2.3Generic marking
- 2.4Inclusive vs exclusive generic marking
- 3.Nominalization in Japhug
- 3.1Overview of participle prefixes in Japhug
- 3.2Nominalization and generic
- 4.
Tshobdun and Situ
- 4.1Generic person marking and nominalization in Tshobdun
- 4.2Generic person marking and nominalisation in Situ
- 5.Historical perspectives
- 5.1From nominalization to generic marking
- 5.2The origin of the local scenario portmanteau prefixes
- 6.Conclusion
-
Acknowledgements
-
Notes
-
Abbreviations
-
References
References
Aissen, Judith
1997 On the syntax of obviation.
Language 73(4): 705–750.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Bickel, Balthasar, Gaenzle, Martin, Rai, Arjun, Shoj Rai, Prem, Rai, Shree Kumar, Rai, Vishnu & Sharma, Narayan P.
2007 Two ways of suspending object agreement in Puma:
Between incorporation, antipassivization, and optional
agreement.
Himalayan Linguistics Journal 7: 1–19.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
DeLancey, Scott
1981 The category of direction in
Tibeto-Burman.
Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 6(1): 83–101.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
DeLancey, Scott
2010 Towards a history of verb agreement in
Tibeto-Burman.
Himalayan Linguistics 9(1): 1–39.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Givón, Talmy
2011 Ute Reference Grammar [Culture and Language Use. Studies in Anthropological
Linguistics 3]. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Gong, Xun
2014 Personal agreement system of Zbu rGyalrong
(Ngyaltsu variety).
Transactions of the Philological Society 112(1): 44–60.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Jacques, Guillaume
2004 Phonologie et morphologie du japhug
(Rgyalrong). PhD dissertation, Université Paris VII – Denis Diderot.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Jacques, Guillaume
2010 The inverse in Japhug Rgyalrong.
Language and Linguistics 11(1): 127–157.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Jacques, Guillaume
2012a Agreement morphology: The case of Rgyalrongic and
Kiranti.
Language and Linguistics 13(1): 83–116.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Jacques, Guillaume
2012b Argument demotion in Japhug
Rgyalrong. In
Ergativity, Valency and Voice,
Katharina Haude &
Gilles Authier (eds), 199–226. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Jacques, Guillaume
2012c From denominal derivation to
incorporation.
Lingua 122(11): 1207–1231.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Jacques, Guillaume
2014b Denominal affixes as sources of antipassive
markers in Japhug Rgyalrong.
Lingua 138: 1–22.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Jacques, Guillaume
2016 Subjects, objects and relativization in
Japhug.
Journal of Chinese Linguistics 44(1): 1–28.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Jacques, Guillaume & Antonov, Anton
2014 Direct / inverse systems.
Language and Linguistics Compass 8(7): 301–318.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Konnerth, Linda
2016 The Proto-Tibeto-Burman *gV- nominalizing prefix.
Linguistics of the Tibeto Burman Area, University of Oregon 39(1): 3–32.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Lai, Yunfan
2013 La morphologie affixale du lavrung
wobzi. MA thesis, Université Paris III.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Lai, Yunfan
2015 The person agreement system of Wobzi Lavrung
(Rgyalrongic, Tibeto-Burman).
Transactions of the Philological Society 113(3): 271–285.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Lin, Youjing
2009 Units in Zhuokeji rGyalrong Discourse: Prosody
and Grammar. PhD dissertation, University of California, Santa Barbara.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Lín, Xiàngróng
(林向榮).
1993 Jiāróngyǔyánjiū 嘉戎語研究 (A study on the Rgyalrong language).
Chengdu: Sichuan minzu chubanshe.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Michailovsky, Boyd, Mazaudon, Martine, Michaud, Alexis, Guillaume, Séverine, François, Alexandre & Adamou, Evangelia
2014 Documenting and researching endangered languages:
The Pangloss Collection.
Language Documentation and Conservation 8: 119–135.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Sansò, Andrea
Under review.
Nominalization-based voice constructions as a
cross-linguistic type.
Sun, Jackson T.-S.
2000 Parallelisms in the verb morphology of Sidaba
rGyalrong and Lavrung in rGyalrongic.
Language and Linguistics 1(1): 161–190.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Sun, Jackson T.-S.
2003 Caodeng rGyalrong. In
The Sino-Tibetan languages,
Graham Thurgood &
Randy LaPolla (eds), 490–502. London: Routledge.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Sun, Jackson T.-S.
2014 Typology of generic-person marking in Tshobdun
Rgyalrong. In
Studies in Chinese and Sino-Tibetan Linguistics:
Dialect, Phonology, Transcription and Text,
Richard VanNess Simmons &
Newell Ann Van Auken (eds), 225–248. Taipei: Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Sun, Jackson T.-S.
2015 黑水縣沙石多嘉戎語動詞人稱範疇的特點 (Remarkable features in the
verb agreement system of Sastod Rgyalrong in Khrochu
county).
Language and Linguistics 16(5): 731–750.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Sun, Jackson T.-S. & Lin, Youjing
2007 Constructional variation in rGyalrong
relativization: How to make a choice? In
Pre-Conference Proceedings of the International Workshop
on Relative Clauses, 205–226. Taipei: Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Sun, Jackson T.-S. & Shi, Danluo
2002 Caodeng Jiarongyu yu rentong dengdi xiangguan de
yufa xianxiang
草登嘉戎語與「認同等第」相關的語法現象 (Empathy hierarchy in Caodeng rGyalrong
grammar).
Language and Linguistics 3(1): 79–99.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Wei, Jie-Wu
2001 Verbal prefixation in Zhuokeji Rgyalrong: The
problem of kə-/ka- alternation. MA thesis, National Tsing Hua University.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Zhang, Shuya
To appear.
From proximate/obviative to number marking:
Reanalysis of hierarchical indexation in rgyalrong
languages.
Journal of Chinese Linguistics.
Cited by
Cited by 3 other publications
Jacques, Guillaume & Thomas Pellard
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 26 june 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.