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Argument Selectors: A new perspective on grammatical relations
Edited by Alena Witzlack-Makarevich and Balthasar Bickel
[Typological Studies in Language 123] 2019
► pp. 69–106

Grammatical relations in Sanzhi Dargwa

| University of Jena

This chapter analyses grammatical roles in Sanzhi Dargwa, a Nakh-Daghestanian language spoken in central Daghestan (Russian Federation). It also provides an overview on argumenthood and valency patterns. Sanzhi Dargwa combines head marking and dependent marking. It has a rich case inventory and two independently operating agreement systems: gender/number agreement and person agreement. Sanzhi has ergative alignment at the morphological level, namely in the gender/number agreement and the case marking. Outside the realm of morphology there are almost no indications for ergativity. Instead, accusative alignment, neutral alignment and no alignment are found. Person agreement and reflexivization/reciprocalization are neutral. In contrast, relativization largely depends on a suitable context and does not make use of grammatical roles at all.

Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
    • 1.1Sanzhi Dargwa
    • 1.2The argument/adjunct distinction
    • 1.3Predicate classes and valency
  • 2.Previous studies on grammatical relations in the Nakh-Daghestanian languages
  • 3.Head marking: Agreement
    • 3.1Gender/number agreement
    • 3.2Person agreement
  • 4.Dependent marking: Case
  • 5.Imperatives
  • 6.Conjunction reduction
  • 7.Complement control
  • 8.Reflexives and reciprocals
    • 8.1Reflexive constructions
    • 8.2Reciprocal constructions
  • 9.Causativization
  • 10.Relativization
  • 11.Antipassive
  • 12.Quantifier floating
  • 13.Summary
  • Abbreviations
  • Notes
  • References
Published online: 5 March 2019
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.123.03for
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