Index

• absolutive 2, 14, 20–21, 27, 29, 43–44, 57–62, 66, 100–101, 105–106, 150–152, 154–155, 157–158, 160–161, 165, 167, 170, 184, 188, 192, 194, 205, 217, 220, 222–224, 230, 236, 240, 255, 257, 259–260, 262, 283, 404, 418, 430, 434, 438, 448–450, 487, 489–492, 495, 499–501, 505, 507–508, 518–520, 523, 526–528, 532, 534, 536–539, 542–544, 549–550, 552–554, 556–566, 568–569, 572–575, 582–583, 623, 625–628, 632–636

• accusative 2, 15, 17, 20, 35–37, 43–44, 57, 59, 62, 100–101, 149, 152, 154, 156, 165, 172, 178, 210, 218, 255–256, 261, 293–294, 298, 306, 378, 387–388, 401, 412, 418, 429, 447–450, 452, 454, 456, 464, 470, 474, 485, 499, 507–508, 516, 552–553

• active alignment 44–46, 48, 52, 552, 562–563

• active/stative system see active alignment

• adjunct 4, 6, 34, 214, 298, 358, 360, 487–488, 501, 504, 509, 519, 534, 538, 589, 597, 599–600, 627

• affectedness 3, 23, 28, 52, 97–98, 100, 107–108, 125, 127, 129, 140, 161, 163–164, 173, 177, 179, 182, 184–185, 199, 206, 233, 240, 262, 326, 332, 374, 457–458, 474, 530, 545, 582, 584, 589, 592, 614, 636

• agency 98, 174, 463, 582

• agent 2–3, 5–6, 10, 14, 19, 27, 30, 43–46, 48, 51–52, 54, 56–57, 59–60, 62, 69, 78–80, 93–94, 102, 107, 121, 136–137, 150–152, 154–155, 157–158, 160–162, 165–167, 169–170, 178, 180, 191, 194, 196, 202, 208, 210, 250, 255, 257, 263, 267, 269–275, 277, 295, 303, 305, 320–321, 353, 359, 363, 365–367, 370, 372, 387, 389–390, 398–400, 404, 410, 414, 416–418, 427–434, 447–448, 451–453, 455–456, 458–459, 461–463, 465, 473–475, 489, 494–495, 499, 506, 516, 529–531, 536–539, 542–544, 549–550, 554–561, 565–575, 581, 623

• agent focus 30, 549–550, 555, 565, 568, 575

• agentive 5, 14, 30, 79–80, 90, 177, 185, 191, 203, 270, 274, 293, 302, 306–307, 313, 327–328, 345, 349, 353, 356, 359–361, 368–369, 377–378, 438, 442, 462, 485, 490, 492, 500, 544, 557, 559, 563, 565, 569, 574, 582, 605, 624

• agentivity 177, 179, 182, 185, 202, 206, 369, 388, 463

• agreement see also indexing 6, 14, 29, 188, 397–398, 400–401, 403, 405–406, 408–412, 501, 509, 518–520, 536–537, 543, 554, 558, 563, 565–567, 571–574, 621, 623–624, 626, 632–633

• alignment see also active alignment, ergative(-absolutive) alignment, hierarchical alignment, neutral alignment, nominative(-accusative) alignment, semantic alignment, split alignment 19–20, 23, 29, 43, 57, 62, 95, 149, 151, 168, 188, 206, 209–211, 215, 254, 256, 260, 293, 298, 378, 387, 397, 401, 428–429, 447–450, 483, 507, 543, 550, 552–553, 562–563, 575, 579–581, 589, 597, 613–614, 623

• alternation 22, 26–28, 30, 67, 91, 100, 105–106, 162, 168, 191–192, 197–201, 203–206, 210, 219–220, 226, 257, 259, 261–262, 293, 300, 304, 409, 412, 430–431, 492, 496–497, 525, 531, 581–582, 587–588, 622, 629–636

• anaphora 209, 396, 604, 609

• anaphoric see also anaphora 15, 379, 470, 608

• animacy 11–12, 100, 155, 179, 182, 186–187, 195, 207, 209, 536, 555, 562, 568

• animate see also animacy 12, 28, 47, 51, 94, 102, 186–187, 225, 269, 332, 489, 523, 537–538, 541, 559, 568

• antipassive 1–4, 6–30, 43–44, 46–57, 59, 62, 65–67, 70–78, 80–84, 86–93, 97–144, 149–153, 155–156, 159–162, 164–166, 168–170, 172, 177–211, 213–215, 217–230, 232–241, 249–283, 293–295, 302, 304–308, 310–313, 315–316, 318, 325–326, 328–331, 333–334, 340–344, 349–351, 356–359, 361, 363–364, 366, 368, 370, 372, 377–378, 385–418, 427–442, 447–449, 451–454, 456–459, 461–475, 483, 485–486, 489–518, 520–550, 555–558, 560–569, 571–585, 587–595, 597, 601–606, 608, 612–614, 622, 624–627, 629–633, 635–637

• antipassive construction see antipassive

• antipassive marker 1, 3–4, 9–15, 17–19, 23, 27, 29–30, 53, 91, 149, 151, 153, 172, 187, 195–196, 200, 205, 213, 218–219, 234–235, 237–239, 249–250, 252–253, 255–264, 271, 275–283, 293, 302, 305, 310–311, 313, 316, 333, 343, 349–350, 391, 393, 401–402, 411, 417, 438, 495–496, 522, 546, 569

• antipassive marking see antipassive marker

• antipassivization 20–21, 43–44, 62, 156, 177–180, 182, 185–186, 188–190, 192, 194, 200–201, 203, 205–207, 209, 221, 224–225, 229, 232, 287, 293, 295, 302, 305, 310–311, 329–330, 333, 344, 368, 429, 435, 485, 490, 498–500, 507–510, 524–525, 543, 549, 621–622, 624–625, 635–636

• antipassivizer see antipassive marker

• argument 1–12, 14–17, 19–21, 23–24, 26–30, 43–45, 48, 50, 54, 57–62, 69–71, 73, 75, 78–79, 88, 90–92, 99–100, 102, 104, 108, 133–134, 138, 140, 150–151, 153–161, 165–170, 172, 177–178, 182–193, 195, 197, 200–203, 206–209, 211, 213–214, 217, 222, 225, 229, 232, 236–237, 239, 251–254, 257–263, 266, 269, 271–273, 275–277, 279–283, 293–295, 298, 302–303, 306–307, 313, 315–317, 320–323, 325, 327–333, 335–336, 341–345, 351, 354–355, 357–361, 363–364, 368–369, 373, 375, 378, 385, 390, 399–400, 405, 407, 411, 414, 416–417, 419, 428–434, 448–449, 454–456, 462, 465, 468–471, 474–475, 483–485, 488–492, 494–510, 515–521, 523–532, 534–549, 552, 554–556, 559, 564–569, 572–574, 581–582, 584–585, 587–590, 594, 596–601, 606, 613, 621, 623–627, 630, 632–634, 636

• argument structure 8, 24, 27, 57–58, 71, 78–79, 208–209, 280, 303, 316, 323, 333, 344, 433, 455, 469–471, 474, 492, 496, 502, 509–510, 515, 517–521, 523, 525–528, 532, 534, 538, 545–546, 597, 623, 636

• aspect 1, 3–4, 12, 18, 29, 45, 58, 94, 97–98, 107, 119, 130–134, 137, 141, 143, 164, 172, 201–202, 228, 249, 253, 255, 293, 295, 306, 313, 351, 355, 385, 396, 414, 435, 447, 449, 451, 459, 464–465, 486, 505, 517, 530, 536, 539, 542–543, 545, 552, 554, 556, 581–583, 588, 591, 593, 623, 626

• aspectual shift see also aspect 18–19, 116, 259, 273

• atelic 97–98, 107–109, 129, 141, 143–144, 183, 201, 252, 504, 524–525, 582, 584, 592, 604, 612, 634

• backgrounding 56–57, 62, 107, 149, 153, 165, 224–225, 229, 303, 307, 315–316, 331, 341, 343–344, 545

• bivalent (verb, predicate or clause) 2, 5, 7, 29, 150, 181, 218, 224, 229–230, 232, 298, 300, 325–326, 485, 489–497, 501–504, 506–508, 623–624, 627, 629–631, 633, 636–637

• blocking 143, 229, 235

• causative 13–14, 24, 154, 170–171, 183, 191, 199, 207, 209, 215, 224, 226, 228–229, 232, 239, 250, 263, 282–283, 302, 311–312, 315–316, 325, 327–334, 338–344, 350, 354–357, 360, 363, 366–369, 408, 427, 437, 440, 452, 455, 468, 483–485, 488, 498–499, 509, 518, 525–527, 529, 531–532, 535, 617

• change-of-state 199, 207, 315–316, 332, 334–336, 344, 457, 636

• constituent order see word order

• control 45–46, 48–49, 52, 106–107, 165, 182, 202, 316, 328–330, 339, 341, 463, 507, 536–537, 590

• coordination 4, 20–21, 556

• dative (case, marking) 23, 100, 105–106, 161, 226, 232, 260, 375, 419, 452, 466, 468, 472–473, 484, 488–490, 492, 495–497, 503–506, 510, 528, 536, 562, 623, 633, 636

• deep ergativity 4, 20, 23

• definite see also definiteness 59, 103, 105, 155, 165, 249, 278, 319, 326, 402, 419, 429, 436, 469, 502, 504, 526, 529–530, 540–541, 555, 559, 563, 565, 568, 588, 591, 601–605, 613

• definiteness 43, 104, 297, 396, 504, 555, 568, 603–604

• deletion 44, 180–181, 197, 201, 203, 326, 341, 438, 456, 526, 529, 544

• demotion 3, 8, 12, 99, 150–151, 153, 181–182, 196, 200–201, 303, 311, 329, 331, 341, 468, 509, 526, 528–530, 544, 582, 588, 621

• detransitive 70–71, 73, 76, 78–80, 83, 92–93, 102, 178, 403, 419, 430–431, 433–434, 437, 439, 563

• detransitive construction see detransitivization

• detransitivization 26, 43, 62, 70, 73, 79, 153, 158, 257, 271, 293, 305, 310, 313–314, 326, 358, 360, 416, 430–431, 433, 538, 541

• diathesis 4, 7–8, 496

• differential object marking 27–28, 106, 153, 262, 636

• direct object 7, 106, 108, 126, 133, 150–151, 166, 172, 189, 203, 223, 396, 483–485, 506, 508–509, 601, 623, 630

• ditransitive verb 500, 508, 525, 528, 558

• durative 18–19, 97, 138, 193, 252, 333, 344, 419, 459, 515, 517, 522, 524, 529–531, 533, 545, 558, 564, 583

• durativity see durative

• ergative 2, 14–15, 20, 27, 29, 43–44, 46, 49, 57–62, 66, 100–102, 105–106, 117, 126, 150–152, 154–165, 167, 170, 172, 180, 188, 192, 213, 232–233, 239–240, 250, 254–257, 259–260, 294, 326, 349, 387, 397, 401, 406, 419, 427–435, 442, 448–449, 457, 483, 487, 489, 491, 496, 499, 507–508, 516, 518–520, 523, 526, 528, 532, 534–544, 549, 552–554, 556–557, 563, 568, 573, 581–585, 587, 621–627, 632, 635

• ergative argument 27, 157, 160–161, 170, 172, 489, 552, 556, 573

• ergative(-absolutive) alignment 20, 43, 57, 62–63, 256, 483, 552

• flagging 6, 27, 180, 188, 192, 197, 249, 260–261, 293, 297–298, 509

• focalization 4, 20, 297

• focus 23, 30, 70, 74, 93–94, 98, 107–108, 121, 132, 138, 169, 195, 198, 218, 250, 273, 297, 386, 406, 419, 428, 456, 458, 470–472, 497, 501, 549–550, 555–557, 559–560, 564–565, 568–569, 572, 574, 603, 633

• generic 3, 16, 26, 44, 46, 51, 54, 57, 59, 62, 104, 108, 156–157, 165, 169–170, 172, 213, 215, 218, 233, 235–237, 239–240, 254, 265–266, 271, 273, 275–276, 281, 367, 387–390, 396–398, 401–402, 404–405, 408, 411, 414, 417, 427–428, 431–432, 434, 437, 452, 457, 462, 465, 504, 585, 602–603, 605, 610, 636

• genitive 92, 104–105, 133, 147, 372, 523, 553, 560, 623

• grammaticalization 11, 64, 96, 187, 207, 254, 263, 270, 276, 282, 293, 305, 312–313, 340, 342, 346, 427, 471, 514

• habitual 3, 29, 98, 102, 107–109, 112–115, 118–120, 122, 124–125, 128–131, 133, 135, 140–141, 143–144, 157, 160, 168–172, 201, 273, 277, 293, 306, 363–364, 378, 387, 400, 404, 409, 459–460, 472, 505, 529–530, 533, 539, 543, 545–546, 558, 564, 583

• imperfective 18, 29, 58, 92, 97–98, 107, 112–114, 119–120, 130–133, 137, 141, 143, 164–165, 183, 435, 447, 455, 459–460, 465, 474, 505, 534–535, 538–539, 541–543, 545–546, 582, 591, 626–627

• inanimate 12, 28, 47, 51, 93–94, 102, 182, 186–187, 276, 365, 378, 396, 419, 461, 523, 536, 541, 559

• incompletive 208, 295–297, 299, 460, 464–465, 575

• incorporation 4, 25–27, 104–105, 149–151, 153, 155–160, 163, 165, 169, 172, 187, 203, 213, 216, 221–222, 225–226, 228–229, 233, 235–236, 239–240, 262, 275–276, 295, 308–310, 388, 427, 429, 433–434, 549, 571–572

• indefinite 3, 16, 50, 53–54, 59, 62, 103, 109, 165–166, 172, 180, 200, 214–215, 217–218, 222, 233, 236–237, 239, 241, 275–277, 336, 375, 386, 388, 397, 402, 404, 406, 417, 419, 427–429, 431–432, 434–436, 457, 465, 500, 502, 526, 530, 540, 556, 565, 567, 569–570, 572, 582–583, 585, 588, 591, 601–603, 605, 612–613

• indexing 6, 69, 188, 197, 214–215, 218, 326, 328, 554, 566–567, 623–626, 635, 637

• indirect object 160, 166, 396, 483–484, 487–489, 491–493, 496–497, 502–506, 508–509, 623, 636

• individuation 3, 23, 29, 97, 103, 109, 149–150, 153, 159, 172, 213, 233, 240, 457–458, 530, 543, 545, 568, 582–584, 589, 591, 601, 603, 605, 614, 636

• instrumental 23, 92, 100, 117, 126–127, 161, 226–227, 232, 253, 353, 355, 360, 418, 452, 485, 504, 520, 526, 528, 542, 581–583, 587, 596, 630, 632, 634–636

• intransitive 2, 6–7, 14, 19–21, 27, 29, 46–53, 55–63, 65, 69–70, 74–75, 78–79, 99–102, 106, 117, 133, 155, 157, 161, 167–172, 178, 184, 188, 191, 197–199, 203, 216, 218–220, 224, 230, 232–234, 252–253, 255, 257, 259–262, 271, 274, 279–280, 293–302, 304, 306, 310, 316, 320–345, 349–353, 357–360, 362, 367–372, 375, 377–378, 388, 399–400, 402, 404, 406, 409–410, 412, 419, 428–436, 440–441, 447–450, 454, 464–465, 468–470, 474–475, 483–485, 487, 489–490, 492–499, 504, 506–509, 515–516, 518–519, 521–527, 529, 531–536, 538–539, 541, 544–546, 552–554, 556–558, 561–563, 565–567, 569, 574–575, 580–583, 585, 588–589, 595, 597, 601, 612–614, 621–624, 632–633, 635–636

• irrealis 58, 352, 408, 418, 582, 606

• labile verb 81, 154, 161, 170, 172, 188, 191, 197–199, 203, 301–302, 306, 448, 494–495, 523, 531, 538, 542

• lability 27, 188, 191–192, 196–197, 200, 209, 428–431, 483, 494, 542, 636

• lexicalization 24, 177, 179, 201–205, 207, 229, 304, 378, 472, 522, 546

• light verb 10, 313, 387, 428–429, 432, 437, 468–469, 534

• middle 10, 12, 56–57, 65, 67, 71–72, 74, 76, 90–92, 102, 116, 134, 149, 151–154, 160, 165, 168–173, 181, 191–192, 196, 199, 204, 210, 213, 222, 230, 232, 256, 265–266, 269–271, 345, 349–350, 352, 356, 368, 370–372, 374, 376–379, 403, 407, 427, 437–442, 448, 451, 464, 475, 563–565

• monovalent (verb, predicate or clause) 5, 65, 181, 191, 197, 199, 224, 295, 326, 483, 489–490, 494–497, 501–502, 504–505, 623, 625, 627, 629–631, 633, 637

• neutral alignment 168, 215, 397, 401

• nominalization 10, 43, 60, 62–63, 235, 263, 277–279, 320, 334–336, 342–344, 364, 368, 387, 406, 427–428, 435–436, 440, 465, 468

• nominative 43–44, 59, 62, 100–102, 106, 255, 358, 378, 410, 418, 447–451, 456, 470, 474, 484, 499, 507–508, 552–553, 633

• nominative(-accusative) alignment 378, 447, 450, 552–553

• object 4, 7, 9, 15, 27, 44–45, 48, 51, 78–79, 81, 97–100, 102–109, 114, 116–117, 121–122, 126–128, 131–133, 139–141, 149–173, 179–189, 191–194, 197, 199–200, 202–205, 207, 210, 213–218, 220–226, 228–229, 232–239, 254–255, 261–262, 270, 276–277, 280–282, 293, 295, 297–298, 300–301, 303, 305–310, 312–313, 318, 329, 352–353, 361–362, 365, 370, 388, 390, 396–398, 401–402, 406, 409, 417, 419, 427–429, 431–435, 438, 440, 448–450, 455–458, 465, 469–470, 472, 483–485, 487–489, 491–493, 496–497, 500–519, 530, 534, 540–541, 552–553, 556–557, 572, 600–602, 623, 630, 632, 634–637

• oblique 2, 8, 17, 58, 60–61, 65–66, 71, 75, 79–81, 86–90, 92, 100, 103, 150–152, 154, 160–168, 177, 226, 233–234, 252–253, 255, 260–261, 273, 279, 298, 303, 307–309, 320, 325, 329, 331, 341, 344, 356, 358–359, 387, 395–396, 399, 402, 409, 419, 431, 437, 448, 487–492, 501, 507, 515–516, 519–520, 522, 526, 528–530, 537, 541, 544, 546, 549, 557–565, 567–569, 572–575, 581–582, 585, 589–590, 597–598, 600–601, 627, 630, 632, 634

• omission 3–4, 12, 15, 23, 27, 103–104, 149–150, 153–154, 171–172, 182–183, 225–226, 229, 233, 240, 261–262, 312, 318, 362, 448, 456, 465, 500, 526–527, 532, 544, 636

• partitive 4, 15, 28, 145, 161–162, 262, 457

• passive 2–3, 6–7, 12, 24–25, 43, 65, 67, 71–78, 83, 91, 102, 152, 165, 173, 175, 179, 192–193, 206, 233–238, 240–241, 250, 255–256, 265, 270, 280–281, 301, 303–304, 310–311, 344, 376, 385–386, 389–391, 395, 399, 402, 407–408, 412–413, 416–417, 427–428, 431, 437, 439–440, 442, 451–452, 468–469, 483, 485, 564, 581, 584–585, 621–622, 629, 632, 635

• patient 2–3, 5–6, 17, 19, 43–49, 51–52, 54, 56–57, 59–60, 62, 69, 78, 81–82, 84–86, 88, 92–93, 107–108, 127, 129, 149–158, 160–165, 167–173, 178, 182, 191, 195, 200, 208, 213–214, 218, 224–226, 229, 233, 238–240, 257, 267, 269–270, 272–273, 281–282, 293, 298, 300, 311, 320–321, 326, 329–331, 353, 359–361, 364, 367–368, 370, 376, 385–390, 395, 397–402, 404–406, 408–409, 413–414, 416–419, 428–433, 435–436, 438, 448, 457, 475, 489, 491, 494, 516, 527–528, 530–531, 538–545, 554, 557–575, 581, 591, 623, 637

• perfective 18, 29, 58, 94, 114, 164, 183, 406, 419, 435, 475, 534–535, 543, 553

• possessive construction 216, 335

• pragmatic 1, 3, 15–16, 19, 23, 28, 65, 67, 71, 75, 79, 107, 149, 165, 172, 178, 185, 207, 217, 237, 240, 272–273, 275, 277, 366, 387, 390, 416, 486, 509, 522, 529, 555, 581

• promotion 8, 508, 545

• realis 58, 171, 352, 409, 411, 419, 582

• recipient 79, 86, 213–214, 224–226, 239, 242, 298, 362, 378, 456, 468, 470, 487–488, 500, 508–509, 598

• reciprocal 10, 12, 25, 65, 67, 70–74, 76, 78, 80, 90–92, 102, 142–143, 151, 168–169, 179–180, 191–192, 194–195, 197, 210, 215, 220, 229, 250, 263, 265–275, 283, 355, 368, 377, 387–389, 407–411, 413, 419 428, 437–440, 451, 465, 468, 531, 549–550, 572–575

• reflexive 10, 12, 25, 48, 56–57, 65, 67, 70–72, 74, 76, 78–80, 90–91, 102, 123, 151, 168, 170, 179–180, 185, 191–195, 197–199, 204, 210, 215, 220, 229, 250, 256, 263–272, 274, 283, 293, 303, 305, 311, 313, 355, 368, 371, 376–377, 387–389, 394–396, 398, 400, 402–403, 407, 409, 413–414, 417, 419, 427–428, 437–440, 442, 448, 451, 465, 468, 531, 533, 549–550, 569, 572–574, 590, 597

• relative clause see also relativization 61, 217, 450, 459

• relativization 4, 20–21, 43, 61–63, 287, 398, 429, 500, 507

• role (semantic role, argument role) 6–7, 10, 14, 26–27, 30, 46, 62, 71, 79–81, 88, 92, 97, 106, 108, 129, 168, 171, 185, 190, 224, 227, 229, 238, 253, 258, 271–274, 277, 293, 310, 312, 322, 327, 332, 353, 357, 359, 368, 401, 442, 449–450, 465, 505, 509, 516, 530, 539, 544, 549, 581, 588, 597, 603

• semantic role see role

• split-S 349, 351, 378

• stem 11, 30, 46, 69–71, 75–76, 78–80, 83, 85, 89–90, 92–93, 101–102, 113, 117, 133, 184, 187, 214, 216, 219–220, 224, 229, 232, 238, 249–250, 252–253, 257–262, 302–303, 305, 308, 328–329, 331, 342, 349–352, 357–362, 366–372, 378, 398, 403, 405, 410–411, 430–431, 451–452, 454–456, 459–460, 462, 464, 467, 470, 474, 488–490, 493–496, 523, 525, 531, 534–535, 538–539, 541, 559, 562–564, 573, 581

• subject 7, 30, 44–45, 48, 59, 62, 92, 100–102, 106, 116, 121, 125–126, 134, 136, 139–140, 150, 154, 156, 158, 169–171, 191, 214, 216–218, 220, 234, 237, 239, 254, 260, 265–266, 269–274, 276, 280, 293, 295–300, 302, 305–306, 309–310, 313, 315–316, 320–329, 331–333, 335–336, 338–339, 341, 343–344, 350, 352–353, 358–360, 364, 389–390, 396, 419, 432–435, 437–439, 449–450, 455, 459, 461, 469–471, 484–485, 492, 507, 518, 540, 552, 554, 556–557, 559, 564, 569, 579, 586–587, 590, 596–600, 623, 632–633, 636–637

• suppression 8, 186, 211, 508, 621

• syncretic marker 3, 10–13, 91, 190, 192–193, 195–197, 206, 249–251, 255, 344, 630

• telic see also telicity 10, 18, 108, 113, 132, 140, 179, 183, 189, 253, 465, 489, 504, 524, 534, 582–584, 592–593, 604–605

• telicity 90, 97, 108, 177, 179, 182–183, 502, 504, 525, 533, 592, 604

• topic 11, 19, 67, 250, 294, 318, 408, 411, 418–419, 427, 462, 504, 555–557, 568, 589, 594–595, 605, 608, 610, 614, 631

• topicalization 20, 556

• topicworthy 43–44, 62

• transitive 2–3, 5–7, 9, 17–22, 27, 29, 44, 46–55, 58–62, 65–67, 69–75, 78–81, 83–86, 88–93, 98–106, 109–114, 116–124, 126–128, 132–133, 139, 142–144, 150, 152, 154–161, 163–168, 170, 172, 177–180, 182–186, 188–189, 191–194, 196–198, 200–209, 211, 214, 216, 218, 220–222, 224, 227, 229–230, 232–234, 237, 239, 253, 255–259, 261, 270–271, 273–274, 277, 279–280, 293–307, 309, 311–313, 315–316, 320–321, 323–331, 333, 336–344, 350, 352–355, 357–363, 365–366, 371, 376, 378, 388, 396, 399, 402–404, 409–410, 412, 419, 428–439, 441, 447–457, 464–465, 468–469, 474–475, 483–485, 487, 489–499, 502–509, 515–523, 525–529, 531–532, 534–535, 537–539, 541–546, 549, 552–560, 562–565, 567–570, 572–575, 579–585, 588–590, 593–595, 597, 601–603, 606–608, 610–614, 621–626, 628, 630–636

• transitivity 3–6, 14, 17–19, 52, 58–59, 97–98, 103, 116, 119, 121, 128–129, 136, 151, 153, 156, 159–160, 171–172, 179–182, 184, 190, 209–211, 213, 232, 252, 259, 261, 277, 283, 294–295, 299, 301, 309–310, 316–317, 320–321, 324, 327–328, 336, 343, 350, 359, 368, 402–403, 410, 428–430, 433, 440, 483–485, 488–489, 500, 507–508, 515, 517, 521, 535, 544, 550, 553–554, 556, 564, 575, 580–585, 589, 592–593, 595, 601, 604–606, 612–614, 636

• trivalent (verb, predicate or clause) 5, 218, 298, 490, 623–624, 636

• unaccusative 623, 633, 635

• unergative 152, 170–171, 325, 520, 525–526, 601, 623, 632–633, 635

• valence see valency

• valency 4–5, 8, 13, 66, 78, 91, 150, 166, 177, 179–180, 190–192, 195, 206–211, 216, 218–221, 224, 226–229, 250–254, 256–257, 264, 268, 270, 276, 280, 302, 311, 315–316, 320, 322–328, 330–331, 333–334, 338, 340–345, 349–350, 357, 431, 436, 448–449, 452, 456, 464, 475, 483–486, 488–489, 494–495, 499, 501, 508–509, 516, 622, 629, 631

• word order 149, 166–167, 214, 293, 295, 298, 321, 358, 440, 487, 550, 555, 568, 596, 623