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The Typology of Physical Qualities
Edited by Ekaterina Rakhilina, Tatiana Reznikova and Daria Ryzhova
[Typological Studies in Language 133] 2022
► pp. 29–56

Chapter 2
Methodology at work

Semantic fields sharp and blunt

| University of Surrey
| Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences | Philipps-Universität Marburg
| HSE University

The chapter illustrates the frame-based methodology of lexical typological analysis through the comparison of the qualities sharp and blunt in 21 languages. We show that these qualities tend to be asymmetrical, with bluntness being negatively defined through sharpness. The two main oppositions found in the field are (1) the shape of a sharp object, and (2) the sense through which the quality is primarily experienced. The first opposition divides all objects into bladed (knives, etc.) and pointed (needles, etc.) ones; the second opposition contrasts touch with vision, and it further translates to the juxtaposition of function (sharp/blunt instruments, etc.) vs. shape (pointed/rounded features, etc.). We also find that these oppositions determine the semantic shifts developed by words denoting sharpness or bluntness and that the metaphoric patterns are consistent across languages.

Keywords: lexical typology, frame-based approach, semantic maps, metaphors, physical qualities, sharp, blunt
Article outline
  • Introduction
  • 1.Defining the boundaries of the field and constructing a questionnaire
    • 1.1The starting point: Russian data
    • 1.2Intragenetic typology
    • 1.3The “Shuttle” method and the core contexts
  • 2.Revealing the frame structure
  • 3.Constructing a semantic map
    • 3.1Types of the sharp systems
    • 3.2Intermediate cases
  • 4.Metaphorical extensions
  • 5.Semantic field blunt
  • 6.Discussion: Comparison to previous studies
  • 7.Conclusion
  • Notes
  • Abbreviations
  • References
Published online: 25 May 2022
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.133.02kyu
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